1、发射电路设计、时钟、电源,郑振耀,内容,Digital-To-Analog Converter Band-Pass Filters Frequency Up-Converter RF Attenuator and Gate Tune Mode,Digital-To-Analog Converter,U8 (DAC5687) is an ultra-fast dual-channel 16-bit DAC converting digital signal to RF signal. Two input channels get real-time digital signals from FP
2、GA involving 4-phase selection, amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and frequency jumping. The digital input updating rate is 80 MHz. Inside the DAC, the digital signal is processed in 160 MHz. The process includes interpolation, frequency shift, digital filter, quadrature modulator correction,
3、gain adjustment, and unbalanced amplitude correction. All parameters are configurable by software through its serial channel. The DAC output updating rate is 160 MHz. The central IF frequency from two DACs outputs is 20 MHz. Two channels are working quadraturely.,Band-Pass Filters,Two RF transformer
4、s T1 and T2 convert the current outputs to voltage. The two channel signals are filtered by two 3-pole symmetric band-pass filters to remove the harmonics and noise. The input and output impedance is 50 to match the DAC output and the frequency modulator input.,Frequency Up-Converter,U9 (AD8345) is
5、a quadrature frequency modulator. The operating frequency is from 140 MHz to 1000 MHz. It mixes the external frequency fLO with IF frequency fIF (20MHz) and generates the final transmitter frequency fTX.fTX = fLO - fIF. The quadrature modulator has single sideband output. The other sideband (fLO + f
6、IF) is eliminated by choosing correct input phases. The external frequency source (PTS, for example) has to be set tofLO = fTX + fIF = fTX + 20 MHz.,The input level to the modulator is important to guarantee the minimum harmonics in its output. Therefore the external frequency source should keep its
7、 output level within a range of +7dB (+/-2dB). T3 increases the common mode rejection, and D1 and D2 are for the input limiter. U3 is a broadband RF amplifier with 12dB gain. C413, C414, C415, L51, L56, and L59 are constructed as a filter to further removing the harmonics.,RF Attenuator and Gate,U4
8、and U5 (DAT-31R5-PN) are two stages of RF attenuator. Each stage has a range of attenuation from 0dB to 31.5dB with 0.5dB step. The total attenuation range is from 0dB to 63dB with 1dB step. U10 and U11 (M3SWA-2-50) are two stages of RF gate. Each gate has isolation larger than 53dB (DC -1000 MHz).
9、The first stage of the gate (U10) also functions as a switch providing RF signals for probe tuning. U17 (HSWA2-30) is another RF gate switching tuning signals between two channels. An LED (D6) is the indicator for the RF gate on. It has an internal delay for obvious display if the pulse is shorter t
10、han 50 ms.,Tune Mode,J3 is the output for tuning. When the tune mode is selected (Console Mode Setting register), U17 output will pick one of the inputs, transmitter channel 1 or channel 2, as the tuning frequency. The channel is selected by the same register. In tune mode, the switchs U10 and U28 a
11、re close but U11 and U29 are open to block the RF output. The RF tuning level could be set by software. In tune mode, the LED indicator D8 will be blinking.,System Clock-Clock Source,An ultra-high stabilization OCXO (Oven-Controlled-Crystal-Oscillator, U94) is used for the system clock source. The c
12、lock frequency is 80 MHz. It is fanout to different targets by U93 (NB3N551), an ultra-low skew clock buffer. U87 is a dual clock driver to convert the single-end signal to LVDS and drive the clock to FPGA and high speed ADC (AD6645). The clock traces on PCB is designed as a transmission line to mat
13、ch the impedance on PCB and both ends. Another destination of the U93 outputs is to ADC buffer (U40, 74ALVC16374).,电路图见Wisdom-II_schematics P7,System Clock- Clock Reference Output,To synchronize external devices, PTS for example, a 10 MHz frequency source is provided as the reference. The 10 MHz fre
14、quency is derived from the system clock 80MHz. It has the same stability as the system clock. U81 and U88 (74LCX74) make three stages of the frequency divider. U91 (ERA-1SM) is an RF amplifier to provide 15 dBm (about 3.5Vpp) level output on J12 (rear panel).,Power Supply,Totally 12 different voltages are required in the console. They are +12V, +5V (1), +5V (2), +3.3V (digital), +3.3V (analog), +3V, +2.5V, +1.8V, +1.2V, -5V, and -3V. All voltages are generated by linear regulators to guarantee the power supply having low noise.,电路图见Wisdom-II_schematics P9,
