1、,Lesson 9 A cold welcome,倒数计时活动的由来,倒数计时的活动是美国时代广场在1904年首次举办的，1907年第一次举办水晶球跨年活动，百年来风靡全球，已经成为纽约甚至全美最主要年度活动之一。每年都有近百万人在午夜时分挤上纽约时代广场，随着象征和平的水晶球在倒数最后一分钟缓缓从天而降，现场气氛热烈到最高点。尽管美国拉斯维加斯、迈阿密，甚至其他国家都在仿效举办类似大型活动，但依旧不敌纽约时代广场的超级魅力，每年全球有超过十亿人透过电视实况转播观赏整个活动,What does a cold welcome refer to ? The clock did not strike
2、 at twelve because it had stopped.,A cold welcome 冷遇 cold adj. 冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的猜猜意思？ Cold fish 冷漠的人Cold blooded 冷血的Cold feet 害怕，胆怯（has）Cold comfort 不起作用的安慰Cold color 冷色,冷遇是什么意思？,Cold welcome 意为冷淡的待遇。 结合课文的语境，文中的cold welcome 指的是大钟没有准时地在新年时刻打响。文中说道的“The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. ”（大钟拒绝欢迎新
3、年）是一种拟人的修辞手法。 一般句子中有refuse意为“拒绝”作谓语的话，习惯都用有独立意识的事物作为主语。,What does “Cold welcome“ mean?,welcome,Welcome不止可以作为名词和动词也作形容词（作为名词）A cold welcome.冷遇。 （作为动词）He welcomed the visiting guests at the airport. 他到机场欢迎来宾 。（作形容词 “受欢迎的”）She was a welcome visitor.她是个受欢迎的来宾。,有一个大家都很熟悉的句子：,Youre welcom,大家都知道这个句子的意思是“你客
4、气 了”，而它也有“欢迎光临”的意思,welcome n. 欢迎 a cold welcome v. 欢迎 welcome to+地点 welcome to China /my home welcome home/welcome back welcome back welcome to do sth adj. 受欢迎的 You are welcome. = Thats all right.,crowd,除了作为名词之外，也可以作为动词。意思是“拥挤”。 关于这个词的动词形式，也有一些关 于它的短语：crowd out挤出；推开、 crowd in挤进、a crowd of一群,follow t
5、he crowd是不是跟随人群的意思,think about,follow the crowd是跟随潮流的意思，并非跟随人群,answer,crowd, n. 人群 in the crowd 在人群中 I spotted Lily in the crowd. 我在人群中一眼就认出了Lily. a crowd of people 没有次序的人群, 拥挤的人群 a group of people 有次序的人群 crowd v.拥挤, 挤满 a large crowd of people 一大群人 人山人海 crowds of people,gather,这里意思是“聚集”的意思。它也可以用作名词，
6、意为“褶子”。 关于这个词的短语有：gather up收拢、 gather together聚集；聚合,gather together中间再加一个oneself，是什么意思？,think about,Gather oneself together，意为 “某人集中精神“,answer,gather, v. 聚集 gather 常用语，自发性的聚集 The clouds are gathering. people gathered 人们聚集在一起 collect 有计划、有选择的收集 He collects stamps.,hand,hand在文中的意思是“指针”，“minute hand”是分
7、针的意思。同样道理： “hour hand”是时针； “second hand”是秒针。,不过hand通常都表示为手 hand in递交、 on hand在手边；在近处、 in hand 递交、 hand down把传下来。 hand and foot (adv.)手脚一起；完全；尽力地,短语积累,hand, n. (表或机器的)指针 n.手 minute hand/second hand/hour hand second hand 二手的, 旧的 wait me a moment wait me a few seconds (for a few secs.) secs. seconds的缩写
8、,shout,Shout在文中意思是“喊”。 关于它的短语有： shout down 用叫喊声淹没(或压倒)、 shout at向喊话、 shout for 大声叫唤; 竭力支持,“my shout”是不是“我的喊话”呢？如果不是的话，是什么意思？,think about,answer,my shout是“我做东；我请客”的意思,shout, v. 喊叫 call out 大声喊叫 cry out 大声哭喊 scream 尖叫 Shout to Shout at,refuse,我们学过“refuse”有(v.)拒绝的意思，但它也有“垃圾”(n.)、“没用的”(adj.)的意思。,refuse
9、to do 拒绝做某事 household refuse 生活垃圾 refuse collector 垃圾搜集车,短语积累,refuse, v. 拒绝 常与to连用，refuse to She refused to help me. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 refuse sth. 拒绝某物(事) refuse sb. 拒绝某人,laugh,“laugh”是发笑、笑、嘲笑的意思，而作为名词时意思为笑料、笑声。 关于“laugh”的短语有： laugh at嘲笑, 因 . 而笑 laugh over 想着 . 发笑 laugh away一笑置之,think about,“d
10、rain”是下水道的意思，那laugh like a drain 是什么意思？,“drain”是下水道的意思，但是laugh like a drain意为纵声大笑，与其一点关系也没有,answer,On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. morning，afternoon，evening前如果加修饰词则用介词on，否则用in I usually have a cup of coffee in the morning. On Sunday morning Bill was woken by the telephone. Town Hall
11、市政厅,It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. the last day of the year the last day of the week a large crowd of people,had gathered,这一句用了过去完成时。,主语+had+过去分词 肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词 . 否定句：主语 +had + not + 过去分词 . 一般疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词 ? 肯定回答：Yes,主语
12、+ had . 否定回答：No,主语 + had not .,过去完成时的基本结构,过去动作持续到现在将来可能还要延续下去。动作发生在过去的过去。,定义,与现在完成时大同小异,只是have/has变为had,tips,It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. strike v. 打，击；敲，弹（钟，乐器等） v. 打，击 v. 敲，弹（钟，乐器等） strike the clock （人）敲钟 Listen, the clock is striking. minutes名词所有格，用来表达时间 He will leave in five mi
13、nutestime. 名词所有格表示距离 -How far is the school from here? -3 minutes walk., It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time.,Strike Struck Stricken, v. 打，击earthquake-stricken areapoverty-stricken area v. 敲，弹（钟，乐器等）strike the clock （人）敲钟clock strike 钟自己响strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数,Fifteen minutes passed and t
14、hen, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. (some time) passed and then, sth. happened 时间过去了， An hour passed and then, he arrived. minutes later几分钟以后,in twenty minutes time,minutes 名词所有格表时间或距离。 不过，名词所有格可省略 in twenty (minutes time) 绿色部分可以省略。How far is the school from here? 3 minutes walk. 这里离学校有多远？三分钟
15、路程。,名词所有格，表时间,有生命的东西的名词及某些表示无生命的东西的名词后加 s来表示所有关系，叫做名词所有格。,tips,We waited and waited, but nothing happened. waited and waited 等啊等啊, 强调动作的重复 We walked and walked, and finally we went through the forest. What happened?,waited and waited,这里可翻译为“等啊等啊” 表动作的重复。 同样道理，其他的动词也可以这样表示：,走啊走啊,跑啊跑啊,e.g. Walk and wa
16、lkRun and run,Happen v. 发生 句子有happen就要用物做主语。,waited and waited , but nothing happened,Suddenly someone shouted, Its two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!“ I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.,It
17、 was true. It is true that+从句 是一个事实 Is it true that your wife is in hospital ? The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. refuse to do sth. 拒绝去做某事 I refuse to leave. I want to leave, but my boss refused.,At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing. at that moment = just then 就在那时 at the mo
18、ment = now 现在, 此刻, 在此时 Were busy at the moment at any moment 任何时刻,随时 It may occur at any moment.,At that moment,短语中的that可以变为the。,At that moment 在那时 At the moment 此刻,At that moment = Just then,辨析,At the moment = now,现在时,过去时,think about,它们有什么不同？,引导时间状语的介词in/on/at/during/from.till In表示较长的时间，一个较长的过程。1.早
19、中晚：in the morning；in the afternoon；in the evening2.周月年:in a week；in January；in Feb；in 19923.季节:in summer；in spring；in autumn；in winter4.某个时期、阶段：in ones childhood, in ones youth, in the raining season, in the Tang Dynasty.,in+一段时间 “时间之后”，一般与将来时连用。in twenty minutes time 20分钟之后We will finish class in h
20、alf an hour., at表示某一时刻： 确切的时间：at five to twelve；at ten oclock 用餐时间：at lunch/dinner time；at breakfast 一天中的某个时间点：at night；at noon；at midnight；at daybreak，at sunrise/sunset, at that moment. at the middle of the month In the middle of the month在月中（指15号前后）在中旬（指10号至20号）, On：1.特定的某一天：on Monday ，on Christma
21、s Eve on June 1st；on 23rd March （在口语中则分别读为：on June the first；on the 23rd of March）2.某一天的早中晚：on Wednesday evening；on a fine afternoon；on a cold afternoon, during在期间during the holiday 强调假期的从头到尾He enjoyed himself during his holiday.In the holiday 强调这段时间其中某一点时间, 并不表示自始至终I was caught in an accident in the holiday. fromtill 指一段明确的时间：I was having class in New Oriental from June till August. (during the summer holiday),The end!,The end,
