1、情景交际,英语情景交际型试题主要考查考生对英语知识的理解和应用能力，考查考生对中西方文化差异的掌握情况及对英语的使用和驾驭能力。在高考英语试题中，交际用语的考查点相对集中,主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有以下几种：,1. 考查习惯应答语 许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。2. 考查文化差异语 汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重
2、。避免母语交际定势的干扰，根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答是掌握文化差异的关键。,3. 考查语言结构语 根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes, I think （suppose, believe） so. /Yes, Im afraid so. 对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度时， 则说：No, I dont think （suppose, believe） so. /No, I believe （suppose） not. /No, I hope not. /No, I am afraid not. /
3、Do you mind？,分析近几年的高考试题，我们可以发现在单项填空题中主要考查了以下几个方面的内容：1. 喜欢与厌恶_Im fond of playing table tennis. A. Do you like sports?B. Which sport do you like best?C. Playing table tennis is fun. D. Is playing table tennis your favorite thing to do?,【解析】选B。答语句意为“我喜欢打乒乓球”。这说明对方问的可能是“你最喜欢什么运动？”,2. 看病I feel sick, doct
4、or. _I am not sure，but I have got a bad headache. A. How long have you been sick?B. Im sorry to hear that. C. How are you feeling now? D. Do you have a fever?【解析】选D。根据病人的答语I am not sure. 可知医生问的是“你发烧吗?”,3. 责备和抱怨I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left without a word. _A. Why not？B. Real
5、ly? C. I dont know. D. Im terribly sorry. 【解析】选D。做了错事理应表示歉意。,4. 约会When shall we meet, at 6: 00 or at 6: 30?_. A. At any time B. You make the timeC. Well, either time will doD. Any time is OK【解析】选C。此题题干中的信息词是at 6：00 or at 6：30，表示两个时间概念。答语中的any不合适，因为any指三者或三者以上中的任何一个。,5. 告别Its getting late. Im afraid
6、I must be going now. OK. _ A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly. C. Stay longer. D. See you. 【解析】选D。客人道别，主人同意，然后道别。,6. 道歉We missed you at this mornings meeting，Diana. _， but if I hadnt had to meet a friend, I would have been there. A. Me, too B. Im sorry C. Never mind D. Thank you【解析】选B。理解题干中miss(没有看到)的确切含
7、义是解答本题的关键，听话者需要对自己缺席会议道歉，并解释原因。,7. 介绍Hi，Im your new neighbor. My name is David. _A. Do you live alone? B. Where are you from?C. Hi！Its good to see you. Im George. D. Oh，you are my new neighbor. 【解析】选C。对方说了是新邻居并做了自我介绍，你也要问候并做自我介绍。,8. 问路Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is，please?_ Oh
8、yes！Its past the office, next to a big market. A. Mm，let me think. B. Oh, I beg your pardon?C. Youre welcome. D. What do you mean?【解析】选A。此题题干中的信息词是Oh yes！表明说话者有一个思考的过程。A项意思是“嗯，让我想想。”,9. 询问Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday?_. A. They are not nervous at allB. They were still yo
9、ungC. They played naturallyD. They couldnt have done better【解析】选D。此处They couldnt have done better是一句赞扬的话。说明他们已经尽了最大努力，不会打得比这再好了。,10. 猜测与预见Its been raining for a whole week. I think itll get fine soon. _. We are getting into the rainy season now. A. Yes，it will B. Of course not C. Its possible D. Its
10、 hard to say【解析】选D。一方认为“天很快会转晴”，另一方则表示一种“不肯定”的看法：很难说(Its hard to say. )。英语中表示不十分肯定的表达法还有“It seems that. . . ；It looks as if. . . ”等。,11. 观点看法It took me ten years to build up my business，and it almost killed me. Well，you know what they say. _. A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfe
11、ctC. All roads lead to RomeD. No pains，no gains,【解析】选D。根据一方所陈述的“花了我十年时间成就事业，费了不少劲”可知，另一方则表达了观点“不劳无获(No pains, no gains)”。,12. 感谢与应答Thanks for the lovely and delicious food. _. A. No thanks B. Never mindC. All right D. My pleasure【解析】选D。My pleasure. 常常用来回答对方的感谢。常见的回答感谢的方式还有：Youre welcome. / Not at al
12、l. / Dont mention it. / Thats all right. 等。,13. 同意与反对Do you think I could borrow your bicycle?_ A. How come？ B. Take your time. C. Yes，go on. D. Yes，help yourself.,【解析】选D。问句句意为“我能够借用你的自行车吗？” 答语表示同意“好的，请随便吧。”表示同意的用语还有“Certainly. / Exactly. / Sure. / Of course. / I agree. / No problem. / Thats exactly
13、 what I was thinking. ”等。,【提升】1. Long time no see! You look fine. _. You look well, too. A. ThanksB. GreatC. Oh, noD. Congratulations【解析】选 A。考查情景对话。句意：好久不见！你看起来不错呀。 谢谢，你也不错嘛。答语是对第一个人的客套感谢，用thank you或thanks，选A项。,2. Sorry, I broke your wineglass. _You didnt mean to. A. Never mind. B. Certainly not! C.
14、 Why not be careful？D. Dont mention it. 【解析】选A。考查交际用语。句意：很抱歉，我打碎了你的酒杯。 不要紧的，你不是有意的。A项用于应答道歉，安慰对方；B项意为“当然不！”；C项意为“为什么不小心一点儿呢？”显然不礼貌；D项用于应答致谢。,3. Let me help you cross the street. _ ! Im not that old. A. Take your time B. No wayC. Come on D. Go ahead【解析】选C。考查交际用语。句意： 我帮你过马路吧。 得了吧！我没那么老。come on在此意为“得了吧
15、”，表示对对方不赞同，与下一句相呼应。take your time意为“慢慢来，不要急”；no way意为“决不，不可能”；go ahead意为“去吧”。,4. Who are you waiting for? _ the man wounded in the left leg. A. The doctor will operate onB. The nurse to be looked afterC. The doctor to operate onD. The nurse will look after,【解析】选C。考查情景对话。第一个人提问who，答语应该是对who的回答，所以不能用句
16、子，排除A项和D项；B项表示“那个要被照顾的护士”不符合语境和常识。此处语意表示“在等那个要给左腿受伤的男子做手术的医生”，所以C项符合语境。,5. Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?_. Were planning to go on a picnic. A. I think soB. I believe notC. I dont think soD. I hope not 【解析】选D。考查交际用语。根据答语判断，所填部分应该是说话者的主观愿望，所以用I hope not“我不希望这样”。,6. Would you mind if
17、 I closed the window?_. Its cold outside. A. Sorry, Im afraidB. Yes, help yourselfC. Sorry, you dontD. No, go ahead【解析】选D。考查情景对话。此处根据语意可知应是不介意，用No，go ahead（不介意，做/干吧）。A、B和C项都表示介意，所以选D项。,7. Karen, can I talk to you for a minute?Sure, _？A. how comeB. whats upC. hows thatD. what for【解析】选B。考查交际用语。whats u
18、p的意思是“怎么回事”，相当于what is the matter？A项表示“怎么会？”；C项表示“那是怎么回事？”；D项表示“为何目的/为何理由？”，均与语境不符。,8. My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay? _. And Ill be glad to meet your parents. A. I think soB. Id love toC. Im sureD. I hope so 【解析】选B。句意：我妈妈正在做我最喜欢的饭菜，和我去尝尝？好的，我很乐意见你的父母。问句
19、表示提出建议，根据答句的后一分句可知应选B，意思是：我很乐意。,9. So you missed the meeting. _. I got there five minutes before it finished. A. Not at all B. Not exactlyC. Not especially D. Not really 【解析】选B。考查交际用语。句意：你错过了会议。 这不确切，我在（会议）结束前5分钟到了。根据句意选B项Not exactly表示“不完全是，不确切”。,10. Jack was admitted to Harvard University. _？ He is
20、 only 12 years old. A. So whatB. Who caresC. Are you kiddingD. What for 【解析】选C。考查交际用语。 由答语“He is only 12 years old”，可知他听到这个消息非常惊讶。“Are you kidding？”表示“你开玩笑吧？”A项的意思是“那又怎样？”；B项的意思是“谁关心这个？”；D项相当于“why”，表示“为什么？”。,由于中英文化的差异，风俗习惯的不同，汉语和英语在交际用语的使用上有时会有不同。因此，学生在使用语言进行交际时，一定要注意说话的场合和背景，讲话要符合英语的习惯。切忌不顾场合，或受汉语思维的干扰，乱讲一通。在平时的复习中，我们要尽量使用教材或其他英语读物中出现的交际用语，逐渐培养自己运用英语进行交际的能力。,
