1、第二部分 语法专题突破,专题三 数 词,命题点一 基数词与序数词,命题点二 概数词,命题点三 分 数,考点精讲,命题点一 基数词与序数词,分析湖南各地市近3年中考真题可知, 数词主要在单项填空中考查(长沙、常德近3年未考), 完形填空中涉及较少(2015湘西37题)。,选项设置以基数词和序数词的混合辨析为主,也会考查同一数词的不同形式(如twelve, twelfth, the twelfth)、不同数词的词义辨析(如first, second, third)。,考点1,基数词变序数词的变化规则 (2016岳阳26题, 2015年2次, 2014怀化25题 ),(注:上表中的黑体词汇为湖南各地
2、市近3年中 考高频考词),基数词变序数词基变序,有规律,末尾加上th; 一二三,特殊记,八加h,九去e,ve要用f替;以y结尾变ie,后跟th莫忘记;若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。,考点2,基数词的用法 (2016年2次, 2015张家界23题, 2014张家界23题 ),表示数量。百位数与十位数之间用and连接, 十位数与个位数之间用连字符“”。如:150可写作:one hundred and fifty31可写作:thirtyone(2016岳阳26题),表示时间。1. 直接表达法, 即直接读出来, 也称顺读法, “小时分钟”。如:705读作 seven five; 730 读作 sev
3、en thirty,2. 间接表达法, 即逆读法。 在半个小时之内用“分钟past小时”(几点过几分); 超过半个小时用“分钟to小时”(几点差几分)。如: 830读作half past eight; 345读作a quarter to four(2015张家界23题),整点一般用“基数词oclock”。如:500读作five oclock,3. 当表示月份时, 大于整月时, 常用and连接。如:two and a half months两个半月(2016郴州33题) 表示顺序。由“单数名词基数词”构成, 此时名词和基数词的首字母通常都要大写。如:Grade Nine九年级;Room 105
4、105房间,考点3,序数词的用法 (2015年6次, 2014年4次 ),序数词前通常加the, 其后接单数名词。如: He is very excited, for it is the first time to attend the sports meeting. 他很激动,因为这是他第一次参加运动会。,序数词前若有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时, 不用加the。如:Today is Tonys birthday. Its his 11th birthday. 今天是托尼的生日。这是他的第11个生日。序数词前面加不定冠词a或an时, 表示“又一, 再”, 内含顺序性。如:,Weve
5、 tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time?我们已试过它三次了。我们必须再试第四次吗?表示日期中的“日”。如:I would like to book a single room for September the third. 我要订一间九月三日的单人间。,现学现用,1. Whats five and six? Its _. A. eleven B. eleventh C. the eleventh2. Father s Day is on the _ Sunday in June every year. A. second B.
6、third C. fourth,A,B,3. There are _ months in a year. And a year can be divided into four seasons. A. the twelfth B. twelve C. twelfth4. I dont have a brother or sister. So my parents are planning to have a _ child. A. first B. second C. third,B,B,5. I expect you can be here on the _ because nine is
7、my lucky number. A. ninth B. tenth C. eleventh6. Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her _ birthday. A. sixteen B. the sixteen C. sixteenth,A,C,7. What time is it now? It is _ oclock. Lets watch the match on TV. A. eight B. eighth C. the eighth,A,考点精讲,命题点二 概数词,湖南各地市近3年中考真题只在单项填空中
8、考查概数词, 主要为“具体数字hundred/thousand/.可数名词复数”的用法(2015郴州23题,2014岳阳25题)、“hundreds/thousands/.of,可数名词复数”形式(2016年5次)。,表示确切的数字,当表示确切概念时, hundred, thousand, million等词与具体的数字one, two.或several, some, many等连用, 要用单数形式。如:five hundred people 五百人two thousand books两千本书,表示不确切的数字 当表示不确切概念时, hundred, thousand, million等词与o
9、f 连用, 要用复数形式, 但前面不加具体的数字。如: hundreds of people成百上千人 thousands of factories 成千上万家工厂,现学现用,8. Its reported that people throw _ plastic bags along this street every day. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of9. Nearly nine _ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last month. A. thousand B. thousan
10、ds C. thousands of,C,A,考点精讲,命题点三 分 数,湖南各地市近3年中考真题对分数的考查较少, 且主要在单项填空中考查分数的构成。分数的构成:分子基, 分母序, 分子大于1, 分母加s。如:2/3 two thirds(2014郴州24题)2/5 two fifths(2014益阳35题),1/2用a half1/4用a quarter3/4 用three quarter,分数作主语时, 谓语动词的数要根据分数后面的名词的单复数而定。若名词为复数, 动词用复数形式;若名词为单数, 动词用单三形式。如:,About two thirds of the students in
11、 our class like English best. 我们班大约三分之二的学生最喜欢英语。(谓语动词与students在数上保持一致) Two thirds of the work has been finished. 三分之二的工作已完成。(谓语动词与work在数上保持一致),现学现用,10. _ students in our class like traveling. I am one of them. A. Four fifth B. Four fifths C. Fourth fifth11. Three fifths of the girls _ going to join the summer camp to England. A. was B. is C. are,B,C,12. Two fifths of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. was B. is C. are,B,