1、宾 语 从 句 The Object Clause,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句,第一讲：宾语从句的引导词,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句
2、是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.
3、,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）The teacher told us (that)
4、 _. （地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略,Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that
5、city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .,由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句,e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,1.当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whet
6、her而不能用if.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略,Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so m
7、uch money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?,由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句,1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）
8、6. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）7. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose handwriting was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often
9、you go abroad for a holiday ?,Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?,I dont know how far it is to the cinema .,Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?,Can you tell us how old his brother is ?,Please tell us how soon you will be ready .,Could you tell us how much it co
10、sts to fly to Hainan ?,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a spor
11、ts meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. wh
12、ere 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,二、时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,第二讲：宾语从句的时态,2.如果主句是过去的时态
13、（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .,1
14、. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)2. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the sun. 3. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)4. Ling Feng told me he _ to Shanghai several times. (be)5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)6. Can you tell me
15、 what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,第三讲：宾语从句的语序,例如：Where does he live? I dont know. = I dont know where he lives.,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library .His brother asks when will he go to
16、the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether he knows Frenc
17、h . We want to know if/whether does he know French.,5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer .,1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ? 2. Mr. Smith have be
18、en in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith had been in China for about three years .,3. Which book should I read first ? Please tell me .4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told u
19、s in yesterdays class .,Please tell me which book I should read first .,Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .,1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ?Could you tell us which gate we have to g
20、o to ?Would you like to know when he will come back ?,2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that,She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .He asks if I like playing the piano .You may ask the man over there how you can get t
21、o the bus station .,3. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ?Do you know whether he is right or not ?I dont care whether hell stay here or not .,1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to th
22、e station D. how I can reach the station2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like3. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week .
23、 A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7.
24、 Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China,B,D,将下列句子合并为一句:1. Where
25、do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could
26、 you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,THE END,句型转换同义句转换(1)He taught me how to surf.He taught me how _ _surf.(2)The foreigners
27、 want to know how they can learn Chinese well. The foreigners want to know _ _learn Chinese well.(3)He cant decide which one to choose.He cant decide which one _ _choose.(4)He asked “Do you like living here?He asked _you _living here.,课时训练,I could,how to,he could,if,liked,(5)Could you tell me where
28、I should show the tickets. Could you tell me _ _ _the tickets.(6)I wondered whether I could go.I wondered _ _go.(7)I dont know what I should say at the meeting?I dont know _ _say at the meeting.(8)Can you tell me which dress we should buy.Can you tell me _ _ _buy.,课时训练,where to show,whether to,what to,which dress to,
