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2017年春八年级英语下册unit2i'llhelptocleanupthecityparkssectiona课件新版人教新目标版.ppt

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1、Unit 2Ill help to clean up the city parks.,英语 八年级 下册 配人教(新目标)版,Section A,一、重点单词 1. _ 欢呼;喝彩 2. _义务做;自愿做;志愿者 3. _标志;信号 4. _通知;注意到 5. _孤独的;寂寞的 6. _几个;数个;一些 7. _强烈的;强壮的,cheer,volunteer,sign,notice,lonely,several,strong,课前预习,8. _感觉;感触9. _满足;满意 10. _高兴;愉快 11. _物主;主人12. _(尤指长途)旅行;行程 _募集;征集 14. _独自;单独,owner

2、,journey,raise,alone,joy,feeling,satisfaction,二、重点短语1. _ _打扫(或清除)干净2. cheer _(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来3. _ out分发;散发 4. put _推迟5. _ some _发布一些通知6. come _ _想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等),with,clean,up,up,give,off,make,notices,up,7. old _ _敬老院8. help _ _ 帮忙解决9. hand _分发10. call _打电话给(某人);征召11. _ _曾经;过去12. care _照料;非常喜欢13. put _

3、张贴;举起;建造14. _ the age _ 在岁时15. _ _参加选拔;试用16. _ the _ time与此同时,same,peoples,home,out,with,out,up,used,to,for,up,at,of,try,out,at,【1】You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 【知识点】help (to)do sth. 和clean up的用法。【讲解1】help (to) do sth.意为“帮忙做某事”。如: Can you help (to) lift the box?你能帮忙抬一下这个箱子吗

4、?,名师点津,【讲解2】clean up意为“把打扫干净”,接名词时,放在中间或后面均可;若接代词,则只能放在中间。如: Lets clean up the table. Lets clean the table up. 我们来把桌子打扫干净。This street is dirty. Please clean it up. 这条街道太脏了。请把它打扫干净。,【熟记】 与help相关的常见短语:help sb.(to) do sth./help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事help oneself (to)自用(食物等) help sb.out帮助某人克服困难;渡过难关;解决问题;完

5、成工作 with/without sb.s help with/without the help of sb. 在/没有的帮助下 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事,【学以致用】 1. 你能帮忙打开窗子吗? (根据汉语意思完成句子) Could you _ _ _the window? ( )2. Your bedroom is too dirty, please _. A. clean it up B. clean up it C. set it up D. set up it( )3. Many volunteers will help to _ the city pa

6、rks next Friday. (2016 厦门) A. give up B. pick up C. clean up,A,open,help,to,C,【2】The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们,让他们振作起来。 【知识点】in the hospital和cheer up的用法。【讲解1】in the hospital意为“在医院”,指人在医院里,在医院上班,或者到医院看望病人等。in hospital意为“在医院;住院”, 指生病住院。如: Her aunt

7、 works as a nurse in the hospital. 她阿姨在医院做护士。,【讲解2】cheer up意为“(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来”,为动副词组。to cheer them up为动词不定式表目的。关于动词不定式的重点用法,详见本单元的语法聚焦。如: She looks sad. Lets sing a song for her to cheer her up. 她看起来不开心。我们为她唱首歌,让她振作起来吧。,【学以致用】( )1. My grandfather was ill _ last week. Im sorry to hear that. A. in a hos

8、pital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals( )2. Lets go to see the sick kids and _. A. cheer them upB. cheer up them C. clean up themD. fix them up,C,A,【3】The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物。【知识点】give out的用法。【讲解】 give outhand out,意为“分发”,为动副词组。give out sth.to sb.意为

9、“将分给某人”。如: The teacher began to give out our test paper. 老师开始发我们的试卷了。,【熟记】与give相关的常见短语: give in 屈服 give backreturn 归还 give a speech 做演讲 give up (doing) 放弃(做) give sb.sth. give sth.to sb.给某人某物,【学以致用】( )1. You shouldnt _ your hope. Everything will be better. A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up(

10、 )2. I want to help hungry people. You could _ food at the food bank. A. give out B. take out C. work out D. check out,A,A,【4】Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年,她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。 【知识点】try out和volunteer的用法。【讲解1】 try out意为“尝试;实验;试验;选拔(尤指运动比赛或者角色甄选)”

11、。如:Shirley will try out for the lead in the play. 雪莉将参加该剧主角的选拔演出。,【讲解2】 volunteer意为“志愿;志愿者”,既可作名词,又可作动词。volunteer to do sth.意为“志愿做某事”。如:They often volunteer to teach the children. 他们经常自愿去教孩子们。【熟记】 与try相关的常见短语: try on 试穿try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.试图做某事 try ones best to do sth. do ones best to

12、do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事,【学以致用】( )1. Why not _ for the job if you like it so much? A. to hand out B. try out C. hand out D. to try out,B,2. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)这次我们要竭尽全力得到。We will _ _ _ _ make it this time. (2)杰克志愿上前线。Jack _ _ fight in the battle.,try,our/the,best,to,volunteers/volunteered,to,【5】I want to travel

13、 alone. 我想一个人(独自)旅行。 【知识点】alone的用法。【讲解】 alone既可作形容词(adj.),又可作副词(adv.),意为“单独的(地);独自一人”,不带感情色彩。alone作形容词时,只能作表语,不能作定语,不能放在名词之前;当它作副词时,应放在行为动词之后。live alone意为“一个人住”。,【辨析】lonely作形容词,意为“孤独的;寂寞的”,表示感到孤独、寂寞,有较浓的感情色彩,常见短语有:feel lonely感到孤独。如:He is alone in the room, but he doesnt feel lonely. 他一个人在房间待着,但他并不感到

14、孤独。,【学以致用】( )1. He feels _ here, but he is too young to go home _. A. lonely; lonely B. alone; alone C. lonely; alone D. alone; lonely2. 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)她一个人回家。She went home_ . (2) 这个孤单的小孩哭得很伤心。 The _ kid cried sadly.,C,lonely,alone,口语无忧,本单元我们学习如何提供帮助。没有一个人是万能的,在我们的学习和生活中,我们需要互助。提供帮助的交际用语也是每年中考的热点。那么,

15、现在,我们一起就“如何提供帮助”这一中考热门话题展开口语练习吧!,话题二如何提供帮助 【1】相关词组 (请大声朗读以下词汇, 看谁读得更标准地道)I hope to, I want to, I would like to, I want people to, you could, you should, we must, we have to, help clean up the city parks, visit sick children in the hospital, work in an old peoples home, help stop hunger, cheer up, gi

16、ve out, hand out, come up with, make a plan, make some notices, help out with, care for, two weeks from now,【2】 你问我答A. 请运用下列句子与你的同伴进行你问他/她答,问完后交换角色,你的同伴问,你来答。 Volunteer Day is coming A:I hope to work outside. B:You could help to clean up the city parks. A:Good idea, but I need to come up with a plan

17、 for it, any advice? B: Lets have lunch first. A: No, I cant put off making a plan. I need to start now. Clean-Up Day is only five days from now.,B: Um well you could make some notices. A: Youre right, and? B: B. 再将句中的画线部分替换为其他词汇,如将I hope to work outside 换为Id like to help homeless people, 将help to c

18、lean up the city parks换为give out food at the food bank to help feed them等,然后进行更有创意的问答练习。,【3】情景说话两人或四人一个小组,从以下情景中选取一个话题(或将几个结合在一起),用以上对话框架,在五分钟的时间内编出生动的对话。然后其中一人代表你们组到讲台上去抽签,并准备好表演对话。1. Id like to help homeless people. You could2. I want to cheer up sick kids. You could3. I hope to help poor kids wit

19、h their schoolwork. You could,4. We should make our school more beautiful. We could5. We want to work in an old peoples home. We could6. We must help stop hunger. We could,Report like this:_,A: Id like to help homeless people, do you have any suggestions?B: You could give them food and clothes. A: G

20、ood idea. But where can I get so many clothes?B: You can go to our citys clothes bank and ask for help. A: Right, thank you! And I need help to hand out the food. B: Why not put up a notice in your class about this?A: Youre right. My classmates would like to help with that.,语法聚焦,动词短语一、概念在英语中,动词之后加介词

21、或副词等构成的短语用来表达一种特定的含义,这样的短语称为动词短语。在使用时,要把这些动词短语看作一个整体。二、类别 动词短语主要分为以下几种:1.“动词介词”构成的动词短语:此类动词短语可以用作及物动词,后面必须接宾语。,常见的这类动词短语有:look for(寻找),stand for(代表;表示),wait for(等待),pay for(赔偿),send for(派人去请),take after(与相像),hear from(收到的来信),hear of(听说),depend on(依靠),listen to(听), look after(照顾),deal with(处理)等。2.“动词

22、副词”构成的动词短语:此类动词短语既可以用作及物动词,又可以用作不及物动词。(1)常见的用作及物动词的动词短语有:cheer up(使兴奋;使高兴),clean up(打扫干净),set up(摆放;建立),,put up(张贴;发布),cut up(切碎),fix up(修理),work out(制定出;算出),give out(发放;消耗尽),give away(赠送;分发),think over(仔细思考),turn over(把翻过来),hand in(交上),get in(进入;收获)等。(2)常见的用作不及物动词的动词短语有:get up(起床),start off(出发),com

23、e back(回来),get down(下来;使沮丧),hold on(等一等),look out(当心;小心),get away(逃走)等。,注意:当此类动词短语用作及物动词时,如果宾语是名词,可以将其放在短语副词的后面,也可以放在动词和副词之间;如果宾语是代词,则必须将其放在动词和副词之间。3.“动词副词介词”构成的动词短语:此类动词短语可以用作及物动词。常见的此类动词短语有:look down upon(看不起),look forward to(期待;盼望), do well in(在方面做得好),come up with(想出),look out of(向外看),run out of(

24、用完;用光)等。,4.“动词名词介词”构成的动词短语:此类动词短语的意义取决于名词而不是动词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。它们相当于一个及物动词,后面要跟宾语。常见的此类动词短语有:make fun of(取笑),make use of(利用),pay attention to(注意),take care of(照顾),make friends with(与交朋友),take pride in(以为骄傲)等。,5.“动词形容词介词”构成的动词短语:它们相当于一个及物动词,后面要跟宾语。常见的此类动词短语有:be late for(迟到),be angry with(生气),be busy wit

25、h(忙于),be short for(的简称),be good at(擅长)等。,动词不定式一、概念 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语,可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。 动词不定式的肯定形式是todo;其否定形式是not todo。,二、类别1. 作主语: 动词不定式可以直接作主语。但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。常见句型有: It is adj. (形容词)to do sth. 或 It is n. (名词)to do sth. 如:To se

26、e is to believe. 眼见为实。 Its wrong to play tricks on other people. 捉弄别人是不对的。 Its our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy. 保护环境干净、整洁是我们的责任。,2. 作宾语: (1)want,decide,agree等动词后面只能接不定式:want to do想要做,decide to do决定做,agree to do同意做。如: We agreed to start early. 我们同意早点儿开始。 (2)love,like,begin,start,hate,

27、prefer等动词后面既可以接不定式,又可以接动名词,意思无很大区别。但like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的动作。 如: I like swimming,but I dont like to swim now. 我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。,(3)stop,forget,remember,go on,try等动词后面接不定式和接动名词的意思完全不同。stop to do sth. 强调停止做一件事,去做另一件事;stop doing sth. 强调停止正在做的事。如: When the teacher came in,the students stopped ta

28、lking. 当老师走进来时,学生们停止了说话。 When the teacher came out,the students stopped to talk. 当老师走出去后,学生们又开始说话了。,(4)在find/feelitadj. to do sth. (发现 / 感觉到做某事怎么样)句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如: The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep. 楼下的那位男士发现他很难睡着。3. 作宾语补足语: tell,ask,want,order,teach等动词后面常接不定式作宾补。但感官

29、动词see, watch, feel, notice等和使役动词make, let, have等后面接不定式作宾语补足语时,要省略to。如:,I tell him not to go there by bus. 我告诉他不要坐公交车去那里。 I saw a girl go across the street just now. 我刚刚看见一个女孩穿过街道。4. 作定语:放在被修饰的名词、代词后面。如: I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。 I have a small bedroom to live in. (如果接不及物动词,必须保留介词)我住在一间很小

30、的卧室里。5. 作表语:放在连系动词be后面。如: The first important thing is to save the soldiers lives. 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。,6. 作状语: (1)目的状语:放在go,come,use,live,in order等词后面。如: Im coming to see you. 我会去看你。 (2)原因状语:放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excited等词后面。如: I am glad to see you here. 我很高兴在这里见到你。7. 与what,who,whose,when,w

31、here, how等疑问词连用,作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。如: I dont know what to do next. 我不知道接下来做什么。(作宾语) He taught us how to use the computer.他教我们如何使用电脑。 (作宾语补足语),【学以致用】单项填空( )1. We cant _ making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. Yes,I think so. (2016滨州) A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put out( )2. Dont _ yo

32、ur hope at any time. (2016云南) A. give out B. give in C. give up D. give away,C,C,( )3. Dont forget _the letter. A. to send B. sendC. sending D. being sent( )4. Is _necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which,A,C,( )5. Im afraid they would not allow him _here. A. to smoke B.

33、 smoking C. smokes D. smoke( )6. On my way home, I stopped _ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought,A,B,( )7. Li Yang advised me _ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drinkC. not drinking D. drinking( )8. I dont like traveling by boat, it always makes me_sick. A. to feel B. feeling C. feel D. felt,A,C,( )9. Could you tell me _ work out the problem? A. how B. how can I C. how to D. how will I( )10. Her ambition is _an engineer. A. become B. to become C. be D. /,C,B,谢谢欣赏!,

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