1、Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.,英语 八年级 下册 配人教(新目标)版,Section A,一、重点单词1. _ 甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的 2. _ 记忆；回忆 3. _ 分；分币 4. _ 熊 5. _ 生产者；制订者 6. _ 围巾；披巾；头巾 7. _ 检查；审查 8. _ 板；木板,sweet,memory,cent,bear,maker,scarf,check,board,课前预习,9. _ 地位(或职位；级别)低下的10. _ 清理；清除11. _ 卧室 _ 拥有；有 _ 铁路；铁道14. _ 离开；分开15. _ 某种；某事；某人1
2、6. _ 诚实的；老实的17. _ 诚实的；真实的18. _ 家乡；故乡,junior,clear,bedroom,own,railway,part,certain,honest,truthful,hometown,二、重点短语1. how _ 多久；多长(时间)2. _ back带回；还回；回忆；使恢复3. in _ 在危难中；需要帮助的 4. _ sale庭院拍卖会5. bread _ 面包机 6. not _ 不再；不复7. _ toys软体玩具；布绒玩具 8. check _ 察看；观察9. _ game棋类游戏,long,bring,need,yard,maker,anymore,s
3、oft,out,board,10. _ high school初级中学11. _ out清理；丢掉 12. no _ 不再；不复13. _ with放弃；交出(尤指不舍得的东西) 14. as _ 至于；关于15. _ be _ 说实在的 16. for a _ 一段时间,junior,clear,longer,part,for,to,honest,while,【1】Ive had it for three years！ 我拥有它三年了！ 【知识点】现在完成时态中延续性动词和瞬间性动词的用法。 【讲解】have意为“拥有”，是延续性动词。“for一段时间”表示动作持续一段时间，用于现在完成时，
4、相当于“since一段时间ago”。 对for/since引导的时间状语提问常用how long。关于延续性动词和瞬间性动词，详见本单元语法聚焦。如：,名师点津,When did you buy the car？你什么时候买的车？Two years ago. 两年前。So youve had it for two years. 这么说你买这辆车两年了。【熟记】half an hour ago半小时前(一般过去时)for half an hoursince half an hour ago半小时了(现在完成时),【学以致用】( )Amy， can we give away those soft
5、toys？ We them for many years. OK， Mom. I only want to keep the bear. (2015黄冈) A. bought B. hadC. have bought D. have had,D,【2】You can also give old things away to people in need. 你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。 【知识点】in need的用法。【讲解】in need意为“需要；需求”。如：A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。【熟记】与in相关的常见短语：in dan
6、ger处于危险中in trouble处于困境中in silence沉默地in good health健康的,【学以致用】( )Phebe was a little angry and she sat there . A. in need B. in silence C. in danger D. in trouble,B,【3】We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。 【知识点】no longer的用法。【讲解】no longer相当于notany longer， 可修饰
7、延续性动词和瞬间性动词。它的同义词组为no more/not any more，后者更多修饰瞬间性动词。如：She could no longer find a way to get into the valley.She could not find a way to get into the valley any longer. 她再也找不到进山谷的路了。,【学以致用】他不爱你了。(汉译英)_ _,He no longer loves you. /He doesnt love you any longer.,【4】My daughter was more understanding ， a
8、lthough she also felt sad to part with certain toys. 我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。 【知识点】part with的用法。【讲解】 part with意为“与分开；失去(尤指舍不得的东西)”。如：They were sorry to part with the old house. 他们为离开旧房子而难过。,【学以致用】( )She felt sad to _her lovely dog. A. part with B. play withC. work with D. live with,A,【5】As for me
9、， I did not want to give up my football shirts， but， to be honest， I have not played for a while now. 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。 【知识点】 as for和to be honest的用法。【讲解1】as for意为“至于；关于”，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如：As for her， Im not telling him anything. 关于她，我一个字也没有告诉他。,【讲解2】honest adj.意为“诚实的；老实的”，其反义词为dish
10、onest；to be honestto tell (you) the truth， 意为“老实说；说实话”。如：Bill is an honest boy， at least hes honest with me. 比尔是个诚实的男孩，起码他在我面前是。To be honest， I dont quite follow you. 说老实话，我没怎么理解你的意思。【熟记】an honest man 一个老实人 to be honest 老实说,【学以致用】( )1. _me， God knows I tried. A. In front of B. Thanks toC. As for D.
11、Across from( )2. _be honest， the food was terrible. A. To B. AsC. For D. With( )3. John is such a(n)_man that we can always believe him. (2016包头) A. friendly B. honest C. careless D. foolish,C,A,B,【6】What do they want to do with the money from the sale？ 他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？ 【知识点】 do with的用法。【讲解】 do with
12、意为“处理；对付(某人或某物)”强调处理的对象，常与what连用。deal with意为“处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用。如： I dont know what to do with these letters. 我不知道如何处理这些信。He taught me how to deal with pressure. 他教会我如何应对压力。,【学以致用】( )We cant decide what will happen in our life， but we can decide how we willit. A. agree with B. begin with C. d
13、eal with D. come up with,C,口语无忧,本单元我们学习如何谈论所有权和周围的物件。每个人从出生到逐渐长大，会不断拥有新的物件，有的物件如昙花一现，用过后我们就可以将其遗忘。而有些物件因为有其特殊的价值或伴随我们很多年，让我们对其产生莫名的感情而觉得难以将其舍弃。那么，现在，我们一起就“如何谈论所有权和周围的物件”这一中考热门话题展开口语练习吧！,话题十如何谈论所有权和周围的物件 【1】相关词组 (请大声朗读以下词汇， 看谁读得更标准地道)a yard sale， a good book， an old magazine， a lovely toy bear， a cut
14、e toy lion， a small toy tiger， a useful bread maker， a nice sweater， a red dress， a blue hat， a silk scarf， a soft toy， board games， an old train and railway set， a toy monkey， football shirts， bring back sweet memories， its hard to sell old things， give old things away to people in need， notany mor
15、e， no longer， how long， for three years， since three years ago， a couple of days， how much， dollar， pound， RMB,【2】 你问我答请运用下列句子与你的同伴进行你问他/她答，问完后交换角色，你的同伴问，你来答。A： This is a really old dictionary. B： It really is. Ive had it for almost ten years. A： Will you give it away？B： Never， I can still use it. B
16、ut Im planning to sell these magazines. A： Why？ How long have you had them？B： Ive had them for a couple of days， but Ive finished reading them now.,A： I see. Ive had this soft toy since I was a little kid， but I want to keep it， it brings back sweet memories. B： I understand， its hard to part with c
17、ertain things. But I guess Ill have to sell this board game. A： Wow， its still new. How much is it？ B： You can have it for 5 dollars and 50 cents. B. 再将句中的画线部分替换为其他词汇，如将a really old dictionary换为a nice watch， 将for almost ten years换为since I was in Grade Six等，然后进行更有创意的问答练习。,【3】情景说话模拟庭院销售 全班的桌椅摆成内空的大圆圈，
18、空地供所有同学走动，桌椅上摆满同学们带来的各种新旧生活物件。每组同学先在组内抽签，决定好谁扮演买家，谁扮演卖家。各组所有买家带好美元、英镑、人民币走到圆圈中空地上去，卖家则依次站在自己的“摊位”后严阵以待。运用以上对话框架，全班人声鼎沸，有的在谈论对自己旧物的难舍，有的在讨价还价。5分钟后买家和卖家交换身份，另一轮“庭院销售”开始。提示：可以进行真实的买卖，10分钟后，说不定你能淘到你喜爱的物件哦。,Report like this: We represent Group 1. Heres Nancys yard sale._,A： Come to Nancys yard sale. Ever
19、ything we have is still new and half the price. B： Well， its a nice key ring. How much is it， please？A： Its two yuan. B： Nice， Ill take it. C： Ive had this dictionary since primary school. I dont really want to say goodbye， but maybe it can help other more now. D： I understand how you feel. I think
20、it will make a good dictionary for my little sister. Can I have it， please？,_,C： Sure， youll have it for just 4 dollars. D： No problem， keep the change， please. C： Thank you. (Pass the dictionary) Here you are， its yours now.,语法聚焦,现在完成时(三)延续性动词与终止性动词一、概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式和过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够
21、延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn， work， lie， know， walk， keep， have， wait， watch， sing， read， sleep等。,终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间性动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open， close， finish， begin， come， go， arrive， reach， get to， leave， move， borrow， buy等。瞬间性动词不能和由for，how long，since等引导的表示“段时间”的状语或状语从句连用。如：可以说：He has
22、left. 不可以说：He has left for 2 days.,二、用法1. 延续性动词的用法：(1)延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示“段时间”的状语连用。表示“段时间”的短语有：for two years， during the past three years， since last year， how long等。 如：I have learned English since I came here. 我自从来到这儿就开始学英语了。,(2)延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的“点时间”状语连用。如果用延续性动词， 要表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come， begin， ge
23、t等终止性动词。如： When did you get to know Jack？ 你何时认识杰克的？Two years ago. 两年前。Then youve known each other for about two years. 那么你们彼此认识大概两年了。Thats right. 对。,2. 瞬间性动词的用法：(1)终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。 如：The train has arrived. 火车到了。Have you joined the computer group？你加入电脑小组了吗？(2)终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示
24、“段时间”的状语 (如for， since， how long) 连用 (只限于肯定句)。 如：,他死了三年了。误：He has died for three years. 正：He has been dead for three years. 正：He died three years ago. 正：It is three years since he died. 正：Three years has passed since he died.注意：终止性动词不能与表示“段时间”的状语连用。那么，应如何正确表达呢？可以采用下面的四种方法：将句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面例句中的第
25、一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：,leavebe away， borrowkeep， buyhave， begin/startbe on， diebe dead， move tolive in， finishbe over， joinbe in/be a member of， open sth.keep sth. open， fall illbe ill， get upbe up， catch a coldhave a cold。将句中表示“段时间”的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语，如上面例句中的第二种正确表达方式。用句型“It is段时间since.”表达原意，如上面例句中的第三种正确表达方
26、式。用句型“时间has passedsince.”表达原意，如上面例句中的第四种正确表达方式。,(3)终止性动词可用于现在完成时的否定句中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 如：He hasnt left here since 1986. 自从1986年他就没离开过这里。I havent heard from my father for two weeks. 我两周没收到我父亲的来信了。(4)终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成“not终止性动词until/till.”的句型，意为“直到 才”。 如：You cant leave here until I ar
27、rive. 直到我到了，你才能离开过这里。,I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 今天晚上直到我画完画，我才会上床睡觉。(5)终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。when表示的时间既可以是“点时间” (从句谓语动词用终止性动词)，又可以是“段时间” (从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词。 如： When we reached London， it was twelve oclock.
28、我们到达伦敦时，时间是12点。 (reach为终止性动词) Please look after my daughter while/when I am away. 我不在时，请照看好我的女儿。 (be away为延续性动词短语),(6)终止性动词的完成时不可与how long连用 (只限于肯定式)。 如：你来这儿有多久了？误：How long have you come here？正：How long have you been here？正：When did you come here？,【学以致用】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 I _ already _(see) the film. I
29、 _(see) it last week. 2. _ he _(finish) his work today？ Not yet. 3. _ you _(be) to Hong Kong？ Yes， I _(be) there twice.4. _ you ever _(eat) chocolate sundaes(圣代)？ No， never. 5. My father _ just _(come) back from work. He is tired now.,have,seen,saw,Has,finished,Have,been,have been,Have,eaten,has,com
30、e,二、单项填空( )1. Its nice to see you again. We _ each other since 2014. (2016武汉)A. wont see B. dont seeC. havent seen D. didnt see( )2. My mother _ a good example for me since I was young. (2016陕西) A. was B. has been C. will be D. is,C,B,( )3. Yang Jiang， a famous female writer， _ for about a month so
31、far. (2016郴州) A. died B. has been dead C. has been died D. was dead( )4. What a nice watch！ How long _ you _ it？ For just two weeks. (2016天津) A. will； buy B. have； hadC. were； havingD. did；buy,B,B,( )5. The boy misses his parents very much. So he does. They _ the hometown for nearly two years. (2016福建) A. have left B. will leave C. have been away from D. left,C,谢谢欣赏！,
