1、科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,2,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表论文？ What? 什么是科学研究论文？定义特点结构 How? 如何撰写科研论文？,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,3,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？,基础研究的成果以论文形式表现 发表论文的质量与数量是衡量科研工作者水平和效率的客观标准 Publish or Perish!,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,4,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？,研究结果只有发表了，他人才能重复、验证，结果才可能成为知识 撰写和发表论文是科研工作的最后一道工序
2、 科学研究的目的是发表,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,5,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？,科学研究的关键是可重复性、可被他人验证 科研工作者必须提供书面材料让同行知道他做了什么、为什么这样做、怎样做的、发现了什么？ 科研工作者不仅要“做”研究，而且要“写”研究,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,6,Why? 为什么要开设科研论文构思、撰写和发表课程？,博士应具有构思、撰写和发表论文的能力 研究生院要求博士研究生发表SCI论文 研究生及部分导师缺乏科学交流技巧、“写”科学的训练,因此增加了博士论文的工作难度、影响了研究生培养的质量,2019/8/27,科研
3、论文的构思、撰写和发表,7,课程的目的,知道 What is a good paper 掌握构思要点、基本撰写方法和技巧 提高分析和表达结果的能力 避免常见错误 提高论文的可读性 了解论文的投稿、评阅和发表过程 增加论文被高影响力刊物接受的机率,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,8,主要内容,创新性 选题 撰写要点 结果的表达 投稿和评阅 常见错误,口头报告 实验记录 学位论文 综述 基金申请 学术道德,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,9,What? 什么是科学论文？,公开发表的、描述新研究结果的书面报告；必须按一定的方式撰写和发表首次出版： 新研究结果的首次公布
4、 以同行能够重复实验、验证结论的形式发表 发表在同行很容易得到的刊物上或其它媒介（同行评议杂志）上,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,10,科研论文写作的要求,条理清楚，摆事实、讲道理 语言简单、平实、明确、直接 容易被理解和接受 正确、准确地使用英语vetral/ventricle; casual/causal 用最少、最短的词,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,11,科学论文的基本结构,Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion (IMRAD) I: What and why? 研究什么问题？为什么研究这个问题？
5、 M：How? 如何研究的？ R：What? 发现了什么？ D：What? 发现意味着什么？,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,12,标 题,重要性 体现创新点 包含所有关键词 （检索） 吸引人 用动词、句子,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,13,采用动词（1）,Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to opiates. J. Neurosci. Heterologous activa
6、tion of protein kinase C stimulates phosphorylation of d-opioid receptor at serine 344 and this results in b-arrestin- and clathrin-mediated receptor internalization. J Biol Chem Anti-HIV agent trichosanthin enhances the capabilities of chemokines to stimulate chemotaxis and G protein activation and
7、 this is mediated through interaction of trichosanthin and chemokine receptor. J Exp Med,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,14,采用动词（2）,Divalent cations and ligands induce conformational changes that are highly divergent among b1 integrins. J Biol Chem Inhibition of CamK II in rat hippocampus attenuates morphin
8、e tolerance and dependence. Mol Pharmacol. Chemokine receptor CCR5 functionally couples to inhibitory G proteins and undergoes desensitization. J Cell Biochem Carboxyl terminus of delta opioid receptor is required for agonist-dependent receptor phosphorylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2019/8/27,科
9、研论文的构思、撰写和发表,15,采用动词（3）,N-methyl-D-aspartate attenuates opioid receptor-mediated G protein activation and this process involves protein kinase C. Mol Pharmacol. Endogenous delta-opioid and ORL1 receptors couple to phosphorylation and activation of p38 MAPK in NG108-15 cells and this is regulated by
10、protein kinase A and protein kinase C. J Neurochem Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor attenuates acute responsiveness of delta-opioid receptors. Mol Pharmacol Cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonists attenuate morphine dependence and withdrawal in rats. Neuroreport,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,16,
11、采用词组,Identification of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 phosphorylation sites responsible for agonist-stimulated delta-opioid receptor phosphorylation. Mol Pharmacol Differential roles of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtypes 1 and 2 in opiate withdrawal and in relapse to opiate depend
12、ence. Identification of a human brain-specific isoform of mammalian STE20-like kinase 3 that is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem Selective interference of b-arrestin 1 with k and d but not m opioid receptor/G protein coupling. J Biol Chem. Differential and tissue-spesific expr
13、ession of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu and Ts during development. Acta Bioch Bioph Sin Differential efficacies of k agonists to induce homologous desensitization of k opioid receptor. Neurosci Lett,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,17,采用词组（冒号）,Reactivation of morphine conditioned place preference by dru
14、g priming: role of environmental cues and sensitization. Psychopharmacology Five-transmembrane domain structure is sufficient for a G protein coupled receptor: Functional five-transmembrane domain chemokine receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Etorphine inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SK
15、-N-SH cells: involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins. Neurosci Res Retardation of pain development: a case of recovery from congenital insensitivity to pain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,18,类似的研究（1）,Differential regulation of beta-arrestin 1 and beta-arrestin 2 gene ex
16、pression in rat brain by morphine. Neuroscience Acute and chronic morphine treatments and morphine withdrawal differentially regulate GRK2 and GRK5 gene expression in rat brain. Neuropharmacology,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,19,类似的研究（2）,Direct and differential interaction of beta-arrestins with the intra
17、cellular domains of different opioid receptors. Mol PharmacolDirect binding of beta-arrestins to two distinct intracellular domains of the delta opioid receptor. J Neurochem,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,20,类似的研究（3）,Functional expression, activation and desensitization of opioid receptor-like receptor ORL
18、1 in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid cells. FEBS Lett Endogenous opioid receptor-like receptor in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells: activation of inhibitory G-protein and homologous desensitization. Neuroreport,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,21,Not so good (1),Mechanistic studies of the translation
19、al elongation cycle in mammalian mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta Molecular characterization and functional expression of opioid receptor-like receptor. Cell Res. Functional expression of opioid receptor-like receptor and its endogenous specific agonist nociceptin/orphanin FQ during embryogenesis.
20、 Cell Res,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,22,Not so good (2),Identification and characterization of large, complex forms of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis. J Biol Chem Immunological characterization of the complex forms of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis J Biol Chem,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,23,作者和作者单位,作者：设计和执行实验、对论文有重要、创造性贡献的人 作者排序：按贡献大小 作者对所做的工作负责、通讯作者对全文负责 作者单位：作者做论文所描述的研究工作的实验室（不同于作者的单位）,2019/8/27,科研论文的构思、撰写和发表,24,摘 要,缩写的论文 150250词 关键的创新点和意义,
