1、C H A P T E R,24,World War Looms,QUIT,CHAPTER OBJECTIVE,INTERACT WITH HISTORY,TIME LINE,VISUAL SUMMARY,SECTION,Dictators Threaten World Peace,1,SECTION,War in Europe,2,SECTION,The Holocaust,3,SECTION,America Moves Toward War,4,MAP,GRAPH,C H A P T E R,24,World War Looms,HOME,To trace the rise of dict
2、ators, the beginnings of war, and the American response in the 1930s,C H A P T E R,24,W I T H H I S T O R Y,I N T E R A C T,Why might the United States try to remain neutral?,Examine the Issues,In the summer of 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt addresses an anxious nation in response to atrocities
3、in Europe committed by Hitlers Nazi Germany. Roosevelt declares in his broadcast that the United States “will remain a neutral nation.” He acknowledges, however, that he “cannot ask that every American remain neutral in thought.”, How can neutral countries participate in the affairs of warring count
4、ries?, How might involvement in a large scale war influence the United States?,HOME,World War Looms,C H A P T E R,24,The United States,The World,1932 Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected president.,HOME,1934 Stalin begins great purge in USSR. Chinese communists flee in the Long March.,1937 Amelia Ea
5、rhart mysteriously disappears attempting solo round-the-world flight.,continued . . .,World War Looms,C H A P T E R,24,The United States,The World,HOME,1939 Germany invades Poland. Britain and France declare war.,1940 Roosevelt is elected to a third term.,World War Looms,The United States remains is
6、olated from world affairs as economic and political factors lead to the rise of nationalist leaders in the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy.,OVERVIEW,ASSESSMENT,KEY IDEA,HOME,OVERVIEW,The rise of rulers with total power in Europe and Asia led to World War II.,Dictators of the 1930s and 1940s changed
7、 the course of history, making world leaders especially watchful for the actions of dictators today.,MAIN IDEA,WHY IT MATTERS NOW,TERMS & NAMES,HOME,ASSESSMENT,1. Identify the main ambitions of each dictator listed in the web diagram.,continued . . .,Dictators Ambitions,Stalin:,Hitler:,Franco:,Musso
8、lini:,HOME,Create a model Communist state and transform the Soviet Union into a great industrial power,Unite the German “master race” into an empire destined to rule the world,Make Italy a great world power,Become Spains supreme military leader,2. How did the Treaty of Versailles sow the seeds of in
9、stability in Europe? Think About:,ANSWER,Germany and the Soviet Unions resentment of the treaty contributed to their renunciation of democratic values. The treaty did little to halt the rise of totalitarian governments., effects of the treaty on Germany and the Soviet Union, effects of the treaty on
10、 national pride, the economic legacy of the war,HOME,continued . . .,3. Why do you think Hitler found widespread support among the German people?,ANSWER,Germany was devastated by the effects of World War I. The nation suffered from severe economic depression. Hitler promoted the Nazi party as a way
11、to restore national pride.,HOME,continued . . .,4. Would powerful nations or weak nations be more likely to follow an isolationist policy? Explain.,ANSWER,Strong, self-sufficient nations can afford to adopt isolationist policies. Weaker nations are often too dependent on foreign powers.,HOME,End of
12、Section 1,A series of bold moves by Adolf Hitlerand weak countermoves by other leaderstriggers World War II in Europe.,OVERVIEW,ASSESSMENT,KEY IDEA,HOME,MAP,HOME,OVERVIEW,Using the sudden mass attack called blitzkrieg, Germany invaded and quickly conquered many European countries.,Hitlers actions st
13、arted World War II and still serve as a warning to be vigilant about totalitarian government.,MAIN IDEA,WHY IT MATTERS NOW,TERMS & NAMES,ASSESSMENT,MAP,1. Trace the movement of German expansion from 1937 to the end of 1940 by supplying events to follow the dates shown on the time line.,continued . .
14、 .,Hitler plans expansion.,HOME,World War II begins after Germany invades Poland.,Germany annexes Austria and Sudetenland.,1937,1939,1938,1940,Germany invades France and fights the Battle of Britain with England.,MAP,2. To what extent do you think lies and deception played a role in Hitlers tactics?
15、 Think About:,ANSWER,Hitlers deceptions included: charging the Czechs with abusing Sudeten Germans; claiming that Sudetenland was his last territorial demand; accusing Poles of brutalizing Germans; signing a secret pact with the Soviet Union dividing Poland; justifying the invasion of Denmark and No
16、rway as necessary to safeguard his plans., William Shirers diary entry about headlines in the Nazi newspapers, Soviet-German relations, Hitlers justifications for military aggression,HOME,continued . . .,MAP,3. If you had been a member of the British House of Commons in 1938, would you have voted fo
17、r or against the Munich Agreement?,ANSWER,POSSIBLE RESPONSES:For: Appeasement would help avert war; compromise is not a sign of weakness. Against: Appeasement would feed Hitlers military aggression; Great Britain should defend its honor and declare war.,HOME,continued . . .,MAP,4. Review Germanys ag
18、gressive actions between 1938 and 1945. At what point do you think Hitler concluded that he could take any territory without being stopped?,ANSWER,POSSIBLE RESPONSES:After taking AustriaFrance and Britain ignored their pledge to protect Austria. After Munich ConferenceBritain and France let Germany
19、take Sudetenland.,HOME,End of Section 2,MAP,Hitlers plans for conquering the world include the killing of Jews and other ethnic groups, which is carried out with frightening determination.,OVERVIEW,ASSESSMENT,KEY IDEA,HOME,HOME,TERMS & NAMES,ASSESSMENT,OVERVIEW,During the Holocaust, the Nazis system
20、atically executed 6 million Jews and 5 million other “non-Aryans.”,After the atrocities of the Holocaust, agencies formed to publicize human rights. These agencies have remained a force in todays world.,MAIN IDEA,WHY IT MATTERS NOW,1. List four events that led to the Holocaust.,continued . . .,The r
21、emoval of non-Aryans from government jobs.,HOME,Nuremberg Laws,Kristallnacht,Causes,Effect,The Holocaust,“Final Solution”,2. Do you think that the United States was justified in not allowing more Jewish refugees to emigrate? Think About:,ANSWER,POSSIBLE RESPONSES:Justified: The United States had to
22、protect the national security and the welfare of its citizens, including job security. Not justified: The United States was obligated to provide political asylum for victims of prejudice.,continued . . ., the views of isolationists in the United States, some Americans prejudices and fears,HOME, the
23、incident on the German luxury liner St. Louis,3. Why do you think the Nazi system of systematic genocide was so brutally effective?,ANSWER,There was no effective opposition in Germany to Hitlers plan for mass extinction. Nazis propaganda loudly proclaimed that the Germans were a superior race destin
24、ed to rule the world. At the same time they preached that Jews, Poles and other groups were inferior races. Hitler used the Jews as scapegoats for Germanys problems following World War I. He stripped them of their rights and then used terror and propaganda to coerce them into giving up their freedom
25、.,HOME,continued . . .,4. How might concentration camp doctors and guards have justified to themselves the death and suffering they caused other human beings?,ANSWER,They believed that their prisoners were subhuman, thus they were not actually killing or torturing human beings. They might claim that
26、 they were simply following orders and had no choice.,HOME,End of Section 3,The United States provides aid to nations resisting Hitler and enters World War II after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.,KEY IDEA,OVERVIEW,ASSESSMENT,HOME,GRAPH,HOME,TERMS & NAMES,ASSESSMENT,OVERVIEW,In response to the fighting
27、 in Europe, the United States provided economic and military aid to help the Allies achieve victory.,The military capability of the U. S. became a deciding factor in World War II and in world affairs ever since.,MAIN IDEA,WHY IT MATTERS NOW,GRAPH,1. List the key events leading to Americas entry into
28、 World War II. Use the dates below as a guide.,continued . . .,September 1940,HOME,June 1941,March 1941,August 1941,December 1941,Japan, Germany, and Italy, sign the Tripartite Pact.,Congress passes Lend-Lease Act.,Roosevelt and Churchill draw up the Atlantic Charter.,Germany invades Soviet Union; R
29、oosevelt orders U.S. Navy to protect lend-lease shipments.,Japan bombs Pearl Harbor.,GRAPH,2. Do you think that the United States should have waited to be attacked before declaring war? Think About:,ANSWER,POSSIBLE RESPONSES:Waited: An attack by Japan would swing public opinion away from isolationis
30、m and allow Roosevelt to enter the war with the support of the American people. Not waited: An earlier declaration of war might have prevented the attack on Pearl Harbor., the reputation of the United States, the influence of isolationists, the events at of Pearl Harbor,HOME,continued . . .,GRAPH,3.
31、 What problem would the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor solve for Roosevelt? What new problems would it create?,ANSWER,The attack would unify public support behind the war effort, but it would cripple the fleet needed to fight the war.,HOME,continued . . .,GRAPH,4. Although the U.S. Congress was sti
32、ll unwilling to declare war early in 1941, Churchill told his war cabinet,“ We must have patience and trust to the tide which is flowing our way, and to events.” What do you think Churchill meant by this remark?,ANSWER,Churchill believed that the United States entry into World War II was inevitable. The United States was edging closer and closer to war.,HOME,End of Section 4,GRAPH,
