1、经济专题常见名词协议 deals中国民营企业 Chinese private companies商业房地产项目 commercial real estate基础设施 infrastructure 关键基础设施 critical infrastructure公共基础设施 public infrastructure医疗领域 healthcare外国投资审查委员会 foreign investment review board港口 port公用事业企业 utility/utilities严格的审查 tough scrutiny竞购 bid电力公司 electricity company国家安全 na
2、tional security 农业 agriculture农业企业 agribusiness经济体 economy/economies国内生产总值 GDP gross domestic production居民消费价格指数 CPI consumer price index全年粮食产量 annual grain output工业产值增长率 growth in industrial production房地产市场 property market经济支柱 pillar of economy同比增长 year on year/compared to a year earlier名义增长率 nomin
3、al growthGDP 平减指数 GDP deflation通货紧缩 deflation环比增长率 quarter-on-quarter growth (单位可换)金融体系 financial system银行业 banking sector风险抵御能力 become better to avert risks资本充足率 capital adequacy rate不良贷款率 non-performing loans坚持调控 keep a firm grip on根源 root cause经济领域 economic sphere三大突出矛盾 three critical issues全球增长动
4、能 robust driving force for global growth短期性政策刺激 short-term policy stimuli深层次结构性改革 fundamental structural reform处在动能转换的换挡期 be in a period moving toward new driving forces传统增长引擎 traditional engines to driving force交易值 value of deals收购 acquisition境外交易总值 total value of oversea deals收紧资本管制 tighten capita
5、l control 产生影响 take its toll营收 revenue中资企业 Chinese holdings对外投资 outward investment 三位数增长 triple-digit growth民营企业和国有企业 privately-owned companies and state-owned counterparts贸易总量 trade volume商务部 ministry of commerce MOC 外贸总额 foreign trade volume贸易伙伴 trade partner 贸易顺差 trade surplus 出口大于进口贸易逆差 trade de
6、ficit; trade gap 外商直接投资 FDI foreign direct investment增长动能 driving force / growth driver持续稳定增长 steady growth 深层次结构性改革 fundamental structural reform 传统增长引擎 traditional engines to drive growth新经济增长点 new sources of growth经济治理 economic governance 新兴市场 emerging markets 国际经济力量对比 international economic land
7、scape 包容性 inclusiveness全球产业布局 global industrial landscape 产业链，价值链，供应链 industrial chains, value chains, supply chains 机制封闭化 closed mechanisms 规则碎片化 fragmentation of rules全球金融治理机制 global financial governance mechanism国际金融市场频繁动荡 frequent international financial market volatility 资产泡沫聚集 build-up of capi
8、tal bubbles Day 1 毕马威 KPMG悉尼大学 University of Sydney表达整理：1. Plummet 下降 也可以使用nosedive/plunge2. brim with 充满着，文内用的搭配是 be brimming with，当然啦， 你也可以选择使用be teeming with3. select flowers 这里的select虽然本意是“ 选择”的意思，但是在这个语境下， “爆发的病毒选中了的花朵”其实就是“ 感染了病毒的花朵” 的意思，又是老生常谈的话题，翻译传递的是意思而不是词。4. petal 花瓣5. streak 条纹6. mania 狂
9、热7. vessel 船只8. exotic 异域的9. bouquet 一束，一捧10. intrinsic 内在的参考原译对照How much would you pay for a bouquet of tulips? A few dollars? A hundred dollars?How about a million dollars? Probably not.你会花多少钱买一捧郁金香？几块钱？几百块？花个一百万怎么样？你可能不会愿意花那么多钱。Well, how much would you pay for this house, or partial ownership of
10、a website that sells pet supplies?那如果把花换成房子，或者某宠物用品网站的一部分股权，你又愿意花多少钱呢？At different points in time, tulips, real estate and stock in pets. com have all sold for much more than they were worth. In each instance, the price rose and rose and then abruptly plummeted.曾几何时，郁金香、房产和宠物用品网站的股票都卖出过比他们本身价值高得多的价格
11、。而且以上这三种产品，都经历过价格攀升然后突然跌落谷底的过程。Economists call this a bubble. So, what exactly is going on with a bubble?经济学家称之为“泡沫” ，那么泡沫到底是怎么回事呢？Well, lets start with the tulips to get a better idea. The 17th century saw the Netherlands enter the Dutch golden age.为了更便于大家理解，我们还是从郁金香开始说起。话说17世纪，荷兰进入了其鼎盛时期。By the 16
12、30s, Amsterdam was an important port and commercial center. Dutch ships imported spices from Asia in huge quantities to earn profits in Europe. So, Amsterdam was brimming with wealthy, skilled merchants and traders who displayed their prosperity by living in mansions surrounded by flower gardens. An
13、d there was one flower in particularly high demand: the tulip.在17世纪30年代，阿姆斯特丹已然是一个重要港口和商业中心。荷兰的船只从亚洲大量进口香料，在欧洲售卖，赚取利润。因此，阿姆斯特丹随处可见技术高超的富商巨贾，他们为了炫耀自己的财富，都会住花园房。而当时需求量尤其大的一种花就是郁金香。The tulip was brought to Europe on trading vessels that sailed from the East. Because of this, it was considered an exotic
14、 flower that was also difficult to grow, since it could take years for a single tulip to bloom. During the 1630s, an outbreak of tulip breaking virus made selected flowers even more beautiful by lining petals with multicolor, flame-like streaks.商贸船将郁金香从东方带到了欧洲大陆。也因为如此，郁金香一直都被看做是一种异域之花，并且极难种植。一棵郁金香开花
15、可能需要数年。17世纪30年代，郁金香之中爆发出一种病毒，感染了病毒的郁金香的花瓣上长出了彩色的火焰状的条纹，它们的外观更加美丽了。A tulip like this was scarcer than a normal tulip and as a result, prices for these flowers started to rise, and with them, the tulips popularity. It wasnt long before the tulip became a nationwide sensation and tulip mania was born.
16、A mania occurs when there is an upward movement of price combined with a willingness to pay large sums of money for something valued much lower in intrinsic value.像这样的郁金香比普通郁金香更加稀有，因此自然也更贵，这样一来，郁金香的热度也随之飙高。不久，荷兰举国上下都为郁金香神魂颠倒，郁金香狂热因运而生。当某种商品的价格飙升，并且人们愿意花费比商品价值高得多的价钱购买商品时，狂热就诞生了。DAY 2Marginally 微小的，微不
17、足道的原文：毕马威(KPMG)和悉尼大学(University of Sydney) 发表的研究报告显示，在 2016年两国企业签署的创纪录的103份协议中，中国民营企业签署了创纪录的78份协议，投资金额达到76亿澳元。The record 103 deals made during the year included A$7.6bn of investments made by Chinese private companies from a record 78 deals, according to the report by KPMG and the University of Sydn
18、ey.最大规模的投资是在商业房地产项目，吸引了56亿澳元，占到投资总额的36%，较2015年略有下降。其次是基础设施投资，达到43亿澳元，占到总额的28%，创出该领域的历史最高纪录。医疗领域的投资处于第三位，达到14亿澳元，占到总额的9%。Commercial real estate saw the largest investment, attracting A$5.6bn, or 36 per cent of the total down marginally from 2015. This was followed by A$4.3bn investment into infrastru
19、cture, which at 28 per cent of the total marked a record year for the sector. Healthcare investments put that sector in the third place with 9 per cent of total investments, or A$1.4bn.在中国投资飙升之际，澳大利亚外国投资审查委员会(Foreign Investment Review Board) 更加严格地审查国内港口、公用事业企业以及其他公共基础设施的出售交易。澳大利亚去年以国家安全为由，否决了两起外资对本国
20、电力公司Ausgrid 提出的10多亿澳元的竞购，并在今年1月立新机构来识别关键基础设施。Australia Foreign Investment Review Board has introduced tougher scrutiny of sales of ports, utilities and other public infrastructure amid a surge in Chinese investment. The country last year blocked two over-one-billion A$ foreign bids for electricity c
21、ompany Ausgrid on national security grounds and in January introduced a new body to identify critical infrastructure.从地区来说，中国对新南威尔士州的投资占到投资总额的53%，达到80亿澳元，排在第二位的是对维多利亚州的投资，达到39亿澳元。In regional terms, New South Wales attracted 53 percent of total investments from China at A$8bn, followed by Victoria at
22、 A$3.9bn.塔斯马尼亚州在2016年吸引的中国投资也达到创纪录水平，其中有2.8亿澳元投向农业领域。2016年澳大利亚农业企业吸引的投资同比增长3倍，达到12亿澳元，这使得该领域的投资排名从第七升至第四。Tasmania saw a record year for/of Chinese investment as well, with A$280m poured into agriculture. Overall investment into agribusiness tripled in 2016 compared to a year earlier, pushing it from
23、 seventh to fourth place at A$1.2bn.DAY 2.5 数字口译专题2016年，在世界各大经济体经济增速放缓，各种风险暴露的情况下，中国国民生产总值增长7.8%，居民消费价格涨幅回落到 2.6%。2012年全年粮食产量达到 589570000吨，实现新中国成立以来第二次连续九年增长，连续六年粮食产量超过五亿吨。Despite the slowdown of economic growth in the worlds major economies and the manifestation of various risks, Chinas GDP grew by
24、 7.8 percent in 2012 and the rise in the CPI (Consumer Price Index) fell back to 2.6 percent. Chinas annual grain output in 2012 reached 589.57 million tons, registering the second nine-year consecutive growth since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, topping the 500-million-ton m
25、ark for six years in a row.DAY 3Finance and economics: Chinas economic data, Right on target. Is growth really 7% a year?中国经济数据，正中红心。增长率当真是年 7%？ It all seems a little too perfect to be true. The Chinese government set a growth target of “about 7%” this year; the economy, ever responsive to the Commu
26、nist Partys needs, has hit exactly that number for two quarters in a row. Cue a chorus of skepticism.一切似乎完美得难以置信。中国政府今年年初制定了“约 7%”的增长目标；像是一向为了回应共产党的需求，中国经济连续两个季度准确命中了 7%的目标。这暗合了某些怀疑论调。The first quarter did look suspicious. Growth in industrial production was the weakest since the depths of the finan
27、cial crisis; the property market, a pillar of the economy, crumbled. China reported real growth (ie, after accounting for inflation) of 7% year on year in the first quarter, but nominal growth of just 5.8%. The only way to arrive at the higher real figure was to put the GDP deflator, a measure of in
28、flation, at -1.1%.第一季度的确看着可疑。工业产值增长率降至金融危机后的最低点；房地产市场这一经济支柱也严重垮塌。中国发布的第一季度实际增长率（即考虑通货膨胀后的增长率）为同比增长 7%，但名义增长率仅为 5.8%。使得真实增长率达到更高水平的唯一途径是 GDP 平减指数（通货膨胀衡量指标）调整为-1.1%。That implied the economy suffered broad-based deflation, a bizarre claim given that consumer prices rose by more than 1% at the same time
29、. Had the GDP deflator been more accurate, Chang Liu and Mark Williams of Capital Economics reckon, real growth in the first quarter would have been one or two percentage points lower.这意味着中国经济遭受了大范围通货紧缩，但离奇的是与此同时，消费价格增长大于1%。凯投宏观的刘畅和马克 威廉姆斯测算，如果 GDP 平减指数能更加精确，那么第一季度的实际增长率将会再低一至二个百分点。The data for the
30、second quarter are more credible. In nominal terms, growth rebounded strongly to 7.1%. The corollary is that the GDP deflator is now 0.1%, a reading that is much more consistent with rising consumer prices and falling producer prices.第二季度的数据则更为可信。名义增长率强势反弹至 7.1%。其必然结果是 GDP 平减指数现已达到 0.1%，表现得与增长的消费价格和
31、下跌的生产价格更为一致。There were signs of some tampering: without explanation, the national bureau of statistics cut the quarter-on-quarter growth rate in the second quarter of 2014 to 1.9% from 2%. That doubtless flattered the data for the second quarter of this year by lowering the base for comparison. But
32、the impact is small: a few tenths of a percentage point, perhaps.但篡改痕迹仍然存在：国家统计局将 2014 年第二季度的环比增长率从 2%改为 1.9%，且未对此做出任何解释。这种降低比较基数的行为无疑是对今年第二季度数据的美化。但这影响不大，大概只是零点几个百分点而已。What is more, the sources of Chinese growth in the second quarter were less mysterious than in the first. Although investment conti
33、nued to slow, services accelerated.此外，二季度中国增长率的来源比一季度要来的更加明朗。投资虽持续放缓，服务业却加速上升。Industry grew by 5.9% year on year in the second quarter, down from 6.4% in the first quarter. In contrast, services jumped to 8.9% growth from 7.9% in the first quarter. That matters since services now account for a large
34、r share of Chinese GDP than industry. This acceleration in services is unlikely to last.二季度工业同比增长了 5.9%，低于一季度的 6.4%。与之相反，服务业的增长率从一季度的 7.9%跃至 8.9%。自从服务业占 GDP 比重大于工业之后，这就显得尤为重要。这种服务业的增长不太可能持续。It derives to a large extent from the soaring stock market, which boosted financial firms. That lift has presu
35、mably become a drag in recent weeks as share prices have dived. Transient as it was, however, Chinas statisticians did not invent the financial boom.它在很大程度上来源于股市飙升时促进的金融机构的繁荣。但在股价骤降之后，近几周，原先的助力恐怕就成了累赘。然而这是暂时的，毕竟这一场金融盛况并不是中国的统计学家编造出来的。DAY 3.5 数字口译金融体系运行稳健，银行业风险抵御能力持续增强，资本充足率从 2007 年底的 8.4%提升到去年底的 13.
36、3%，不良贷款率 由 6.1%下降到 0.95%。坚持搞好房地产市场调控不动摇，遏制了房价过快上涨势头。The financial system functioned soundly. The banking sector became better able to avert risks. Its capital adequacy rate increased from 8.4% at the end of 2007 to 13.3% by the end of last year, and its non-performing loans dropped from 6.1% to 0.95
37、%. We kept a firm grip on the real estate market and kept housing prices from rising too quickly.DAY 4Strong growth for top Chinese investments in UK 研究：在英中资企业营收增长强劲 Chinese holdings in the UK have seen revenues soar in the past two years, deflecting concerns that the “golden era” of China investing
38、 in Britain may be drawing to a close. 英国的中资企业在过去两年里营收飙升，在某种意义上打消了中国投资英国的“黄金时代”可能告一段落的担忧。Despite a slowdown in outward investment from China to the UK, figures show that Chinese-owned companies in Britain have enjoyed triple-digit growth, according to research by Grant Thornton, a UK-based professio
39、nal services firm. 根据英国专业服务公司均富(Grant Thornton)的研究，尽管中国对英国的对外投资放缓，但数据显示，英国的中资企业实现了三位数增长。The best-performing 30 companies expanded revenues by an average 174 percent in 2015 against the previous year, according to the Grant Thornton data. Among these, privately-owned Chinese companies outperformed th
40、eir state-owned counterparts, reporting a 210 percent increase in revenues against 146 per cent. 根据均富的数据，表现最佳的 30 家公司 2015 年营收平均比上年增长 174%。在这些企业中，中国民营企业的表现优于国有企业，两者分别报告营收增长 210%和 146% The study marks the first time that revenues for Chinese-owned companies in the UK have been published. A total of 2
41、80 - Chinese-owned companies with revenues in excess of 5m are registered in the UK but only 153 of these had reported earnings for at least two consecutive years by October last year. 这项研究首次公布了中资在英企业的营收情况。总共有 280 家营收超过 500 万英镑的中资企业在英国注册，但截至去年 10 月仅有 153 家至少连续两年报告了盈利数据。The 153 Chinese-owned companie
42、s, in sectors ranging from real estate to retail, reported revenue increases on average of 20 per cent against the previous year, according to Grant Thornton. 根据均富的数据，平均而言，经营领域从房地产到零售业的这 153 家中资企业报告营收同比增长 20%。Simon Bevan, head of China Britain services at Grant Thornton, said the 20 per cent rise wa
43、s a particularly “positive performance” when set against British economic growth. Gross domestic production growth in the UK in 2015 was 2.2 per cent. 均富的中英服务部负责人西蒙贝文(Simon Bevan)表示，在英国整体经济增长的大背景下，20%的升幅是尤其“积极的表现”。2015 年英国国内生产总值 (GDP)增长率为 2.2%The UK has become a favored destination for acquisitions
44、by Chinese companies, with a visit in late 2015 by Xi Jinping, Chinas president, leading to official claims that the UK-China relationship had entered a “golden era”. 英国已成为中资企业的一个热门收购目的地。中国国家主席习近平在 2015 年末访问英国，促使官员们宣称英中关系进入“黄金时代” 。The most-favoured sector for Chinese acquisitions in the UK is proper
45、ty, followed by 28 per cent for the consumer sector, 8 per cent for financial services, 7 per cent in oil and gas and 5 per cent in healthcare, according to Grisons Peak. 在英国，中资最爱的收购目标在房地产行业，其次是消费者行业（28%） 、金融服务（8% ） 、石油和天然气（7%）以及医疗保健（ 5%）DAY 4.5 数字口译注意英文的数据来源在句尾，译成中文时要放到前面来。注意时间状语不要漏掉。注意单位The trade
46、volume between China and the European Union (EU) rose by 25.3% to hit US $ 272.3 billion last year, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) has announced. China-EU trade accounted for 15.5% of Chinas total foreign trade volume last year, and EU remained the top trading partner of China, according to MOC stat
47、istics issued on its website.商务部称，去年中国和欧盟的贸易总量达到 2723 亿美元，上升了 25.3%。商务部网站发布的统计数据表明：去年，中欧贸易量占中国外贸总额的 15.5%。欧盟仍然是中国最大的贸易伙伴。Chinas exports to EU reached US $181.98 billion last year, a year-on-year rise of 26.6%, and its imports from EU went up by 22.7% over the same period last year to hit US $ 90.32
48、billion. According to EU figures, EUs imports from China were 135.6 billion Euros, 4.6 billion Euros more than its imports from the United States. China has replaced the United States to become EUs largest import market.中国向欧盟出口量达到 1819.8 亿美元，比上年同期增长 26.6%，进口量为 903.2 亿美元，同比增长 22.7%。欧盟数据表明，欧盟从中国的进口量为
49、1356 亿欧元，比从美国的进口量多 46 亿欧元。中国已经取代美国成为欧盟的最大进口国。DAY 5.5China approved 2,738 EU-funded projects in 2006, involving a contracted EU investment of US $10.58 billion. By the end of last year, China had approved an accumulated 25,418 EU-funded projects, involving a contracted EU investment of US $97.95 billion.2006 年，中国批准了 2738 个欧盟投资的项目，合同投资金额达到 105.8 亿美元。截止去年底，中国总共批准了 25418 个欧盟投资的项目，合同投资金额为 979.5 亿美元。DAY 6Every winter, theres an international meeting in Davos, Switzerland, the World Economic Forum. Its an organization that includes politicians, businesspeople, scholars, sometimes
