1、Passage 1Evaluating Sources of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find re
2、levant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. _1_Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and d
3、etermine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. _2_Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. _3_ Carefully read or li
4、sten to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. _4_ Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术) _5_ Friends and family me
5、mbers can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.AMake choices that are right for you.B The goal of a
6、n ad is to sell you something.C Be sure to work through the critical questions.DAnd examine the findings of the original research.EDistinguish between research reports and public health advice.FBe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.GThe following sug
7、gestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Passage 2Everyone needs a break, and vacations are not meant for serious study. _1_ The Spring Festival is coming up so this is the perfect time to discuss some great English language literature to take on a lo
8、ng train journey. Before getting into the recommendations, you need to determine your English reading comprehension level. If youre at the beginners level, there are two options: reading a childrens book or reading a book that youve read in Chinese translation. _2_ If youre at the intermediate level
9、, popular books like pop fiction, mysteries and thrillers are good options. For advanced readers, classic works of literature or modern prize winners (Nobel, Pulitzer) are good options._3_ When I pick up a book I like, even though the first few chapters are really hard to get through, I would try to
10、 get accustomed to the language the author uses. Generally, after the first few chapters, things get a lot easier, especially if I get involved in the story. Another great way to keep yourself motivated is to find a friend whos interested in reading the same book. You can make goals that you both wa
11、nt to achieve. _4_Some quick recommendations: Harry Potter, start with the first book and go on from there; the Narnia series; anything by US. writer Michael Crichton; and if you like horror, US. writer Stephen King is always unusual and fun. _5_ Happy reading!AIf you pick a book which is so challen
12、ging, it will be too stressful.B The most important thing is to pick a book that youre really interested in.C You may also enjoy your reading when hanging out with your family.DYou should just find a topic or author youre interested in, and the rest will go from there. EYou can also discuss plot lin
13、es or vocabulary issues with each other by SMS or email.FInstead, theyre a great way to take a break and enjoy a good book.GThis will help you get over any unfamiliar words or phrases, since youre already familiar with the story.Passage 3Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in
14、the United States love their dogs and treat them well. _1_ However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, to lead a dogs life, describes a person who has an unhappy existence.Some people say we live in a dog eat dog world. _2_ They say that to be success
15、ful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dog tired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog._3_ This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, peop
16、le often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things._4_ People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog. Junk
17、yard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want. Mean dogs are often used to guard this property. They bark or attack people who try to enter the property. However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad. We say his bark is worse than
18、his bite.Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. _5_AStill, people say every dog has its day.B We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.C Some people are c
19、ompared to dogs in bad ways.DDogs are their best friends and they are loyal to people.EThere are many other expressions waiting for you to explore.FThat means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs.GThey take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food
20、and medical care.Passage 4Kids with special needs refer to any kid who might need extra help because of a medical, emotional, or learning problem. For example, kids who cannot walk need wheelchairs. They not only need equipment that helps them get around, but they might need to have ramps (坡道) or el
21、evators available._1_Kids with an illness would have special needs, too. _2_Kids with sight problems might need Braille books to read. Kids with hearing problems might need hearing aids._3_ It might be harder to do normal things, like learning to read or just getting around the school. The good news
22、 is that parents, doctors, nurses, teachers, and others can help. The goal is to help kids be as independent as possible.Other kids can also be a big help. How? By being a friend. Kids who use a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just as you do. But meeting people and making fri
23、ends can be difficult. _4_ Be sure to tell a teacher if you see someone being bullied (欺辱) or teased._5_ Being friendly to kids with special needs is one of the best ways to be helpful. As you get to know them, they may help you understand what its like to be in their shoes. And youll be helping fil
24、l a very special need, one that everybody hasthe need for good ends.ASome kids might laugh at or make fun of them.B It is good manners to offer help to kids with special needs.C Life can be challenging for a kid with special needs.DThey also might need to get a special bus to school.EThey might need
25、 medicine or other help as they go about their daily activities.FAlso, try to be helpful if you know someone with special needs.GSomeone could have trouble with anxiety, but you wouldnt know it unless told about it.Passage 5We all wish we had just a bit more time. Just think what you could do with a
26、n extra hour or two each day: you could finally stick to an exercise routine, or spring clean the house, or write your novel, or learn the guitar and so on._1_ But I can help you find more hours in your day for the things that really matter.1. Get Out of Bed EarlierIf you normally get up at 7：30 am.
27、, try getting up at 7：00 am. That half hour might not sound like much, but it could be time that you use to exercise, to read that book youve been meaning to finish. _2_2. Do the Important Tasks FirstOnce you get to work, get the important ones done first (not the easy ones, or even the urgent ones)
28、. You can afford to spend at least an hour working on big, important tasks rather than on all those little urgent ones._3_ The urgent tasks will still get done, and you wont miss the important ones.3. Reduce InterruptionsIf colleagues have a habit of hanging around your desk to chat, or if the phone
29、 is constantly ringing, you might find that it takes you half the day to finish a simple task like writing a letter. Constant interruptions dont just eat up time, they also break your concentration.When youve got a big task to focus on, let your calls go to voicemail. _4_ Wearing headphones makes it
30、 less likely that people will try to strike up a conversation.4. _5_A few minutes chatting, browsing the web, and so on, can easily turn into hours of wasted time over the course of a day.When youre working, work. If your concentration is slipping, take a proper break: go and get a glass of water, o
31、r stretch your legs a bit. And if youre facing a difficult task, try breaking it into small steps or stages so that its easier to deal with.AStay Focused on Your WorkB Take Breaks When NecessaryC If you have an office door, close it.DIf you work like this, youll usually save time.EWould you want me
32、to make your day longer?FI cant magically make all your days 25 hours long.GOr simply to get your day off to a calm and organized start.Passage 6Raising Confident KidsSelfesteem (自尊) is a collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves. Having a healthy selfesteem can protect us through di
33、fficult times and help us remain focused on what is important to us. Research shows that children with high selfesteem grow up to be more confident adults. Selfesteem building should start from young. _1_Praise ActionsYoung children need feedback. Its how they measure their actions and it plays a ro
34、le in learning from experience. Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process. _2_Identify StrengthsPreschoolers are always watching each other. On the bright side, they learn new things from each other. On the other side, they can become selfcritical when th
35、ey see a peer accomplishing something they still struggle to do. _3_ Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw comparisons.Foster (培养) a Sense of BelongingYoung children may not understand how peer pressure (同龄人的压力) works, but they feel it when theyre being excluded (排除)
36、. Show your children that they are important by listening to and responding to their needs and ideas as much as possible. Save grownup conversations for later so that you can have family conversations. _4_5_As much as they need us, they also need to work on taking small steps toward independence. Wh
37、en they know they can do things, they feel more confident. Teach problemsolving skills. Step aside and let them work on challenges before jumping in to help.Help by asking “How can we do this in a different way? Lets come up with some ideas together.” Getting kids involved in problemsolving teaches
38、them how to deal with challenges in the future.Building and maintaining healthy selfesteem can be a lifelong process, but the sooner you start, the more confident your children will become.AEncourage IndependenceB Spend quality time with childrenC Try to address their concerns as they arise, no matt
39、er how minor.DIf praise is only attached to success, kids will focus on “winning”EBe sure to point out your childrens strengths regularly and be specific.FBelow are some tips to help you promote your childrens selfesteem.GEach parent has the responsibility to help children to become confident.Passag
40、e 7How to Prepare a LectureBeing invited to give a lecture is an honor. It means that people regard you as an authority on a given field, subject, or issue. It means you are worth listening to. _1_ You have to make sure your lecture is interesting, and full of wisdom, from which the audience can tak
41、e valuable insights. This is why it is important for you to prepare your lecture well.1. Think of a good topic.You most likely will be assigned to talk about a certain topic. If thats the case, you only need to make an outline and do some research. But in some cases, you will have to think of your o
42、wn topic. Although it gives you more freedom to do it, thinking of a topic can be tricky. _2_ Or pick a topic that is timely and socially relevant.2. Make an outline for the lecture.Start by listing down the points that you will discuss, and then fill in each point with subpoints. If necessary, make
43、 a research about your topic. _3_ But if in so doing you end up with a very long outline, figure how you can shorten the topic or cut where cutting is needed.3._4_Statistics, figures, medical information, historical accounts, and similar information should all be checked and it will save your credib
44、ility as an authority on the subject you are talking about.4. Add humor.Dont engage your audience in a dragging soliloquy (独白). _5_ Humor will interest your audience. Of course, make sure the elements in your lecture are in line with your main topic and are not nonsense, racial, and offensive jokes.
45、ACheck your lecture for accuracy.B Giving a lecture is challenging, though.C If necessary, provide your contact information, such as an email address or blog site.DInstead, make your audience smile, or burst into laughter at certain points in your discussion.ETo make it easier, consider what will in
46、terest your audience.FIt should summarize your whole talk in one sentence.GDont be afraid of exploring the topic, as this will allow you to discover other points that need discussion.Passage 8Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you tr
47、apped inside, is absolutely terrifying._1_However, most deaths result from panic，without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace(支撑) position (防冲击姿势 ), acting decisively and getting out fast, you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle.Brace yourself f
48、or impact (撞击力). As soon as youre aware that youre going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle，so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two” position.Undo your seatbelt._2_Unbuckle the chi
49、ldren, starting with the oldest first. Forget the cell phone call. Your car isnt going to wait for you to make the call._3_Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A cars electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water, so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people dont think about the window as an escape option either because of panic or misinformation about doors
