新概念3课文详解及课后答桉详解(后30课).doc

1、Lesson 31 A lovable eccentric 可爱的怪人New words and expression 生词和短语lovable adj. 可爱的 lovable=worthy of love 惹人爱的 lovely=beautiful 可爱的What he does is lovable. 他的所作所为很惹人爱。I like the lovely boy/girl. 我喜欢这个可爱的孩子。A large number of eccentrics are lovable. 许多怪人惹人喜爱。eccentric n. （行为）古怪人:eccentric n. =a person

2、whose behavior is peculiar ,unusual,rather strange.;adj: peculiar,unusual,strange strange 因为陌生而奇怪The modern building looks strange to the villagers. eccentric a.行为举止古怪I cant get on well with him, because he is eccentric. odd 强调指出因为少见而多怪Look, he is wearing an odd hat. peculiar 奇异的,不同寻常的 The house is

3、peculiar.I feel peculiar today.=I feel uncomfortable/ill.=Im not myself today. eccentricity n.怪癖disregard v. 不顾，漠视 disregard v.=ignore ,pay no attention to Disregard noise and keep working. disregard n.have a disregard of/forHe has complete disregard of/for my feelings.他对我的感情漠然不顾。in disregard of 不顾，

4、忽视，漠视He did the work in disregard of my instructions.他不顾我的指示而继续做这项工作。treat sb. with disregard 怠慢某人Anyway, dont treat your friends with disregard.无论如何不能怠慢自己的朋友。convention n. 习俗，风俗convention n.: generally accepted practice 被普遍接受的行为准则、常规、惯例,可受时间影响Shaking hands when meeting people is normal convention i

5、n China. custom 历史悠久的社会习俗,不受时间影响It is a custom of giving presents at Christmas.He always does exactly what he wants and does not care about convention.practice 某团体的传统做法或令他人无法接受的习俗The normal practice in the company is to send bill as soon as the job is done.这个公司的通常做 法是工作一做完就记帐单。a normally accepted pr

6、actice 普遍接受的做法 见 23 课tradition 传统,比 custom 有更悠久的历史Spending Christmas day is a tradition for western people. habit 个人习惯I have a habit of reading aloud in the morning.Conscious adj. 感觉到的，意识到的conscious a.感觉到的 =awarebe conscious of/that=be aware of/thatHe is quite unaware of the danger.他丝毫没有意识到这个危险。He i

7、s not conscious of the danger. class conscious 有阶级意识的 family conscious 有家庭观念的 clothes conscious 注重衣着的 stairs conscious 注重地位的aware ;conscious 的反义词直接加 un-unaware ;unconscioussubconscious 下意识的consciousness n.意识、知觉、个人思想routine n.常规,惯例routine=the regular fixed way of sth./doing thingsfollow the routine 墨

8、守成规break the routine 打破常规start the daily routine 开始每天的日常生活shrewd adj.精明的 ,狡猾的,敏锐的,机灵的shrewd=showing good practical judgementHe is a shrewd observer.We have got shrewd common sense.Sb. is shrewd. = He has good judgement. shrewd brained 头脑机灵的shrewd headed 头脑机灵的 shrewd looking 看起来机灵的 shrewd a.精明的cunnin

9、g :clever at deceiving 善于欺骗的sly 用更隐秘的办法来达到目的 强于 cunninga sly old fox 非常狡猾的老狐狸intensely adj.强烈地intense adj.=very strong ;violent; extreme ;sharp ; central intense cold 严寒intense heat 酷暑intense discussion 激烈的讨论intensify vt.使增强You must intensify your sense of responsibility.你必须加强责任感。intensity n.强烈、剧烈、强

10、度Losing jobs are growing in intensity.失业这种现象是越来越严重了。reprimand v.正式地、严厉地斥责 reprimand :scold officially and severely blame 责备（语气程序很弱）blame sb. for sth.The teacher blamed him for his coming late. scold 斥责（语气稍重一点）Dont scold me for such a trifle. 不要因为这样的小事责备我。reproach 斥责He often reproached his children.r

11、eprimand v./n. 严厉斥责；谴责 (语气最强) The boss reprimanded his employees severely.apologetic a.道歉的He was apologetic. 他致以歉意。apologize v.道歉apologize to sb.He apologized to his boss.The boss apologized to his employees. apology n.歉意make apology to sb. for sth.stage v.暗中策划He staged a joke.elaborate adj.精心构思的 el

12、aborate =carefully worked out an elaborate design 精心的设计 elaborate vt. 精心设计构思He elaborated a system of computer.Text 课文True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. 真正古怪的人从不有意引人注意。deliberately: on purposeset out to do=set about doing=start doing/to do sth.draw/capture/at

13、tract/hold/catch/arrest/receive attention to 吸引对.的注意They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anythingextraordinary.他们不顾社会习俗，意识不到自己所作所为有什么特殊之处。He made a mistake without being conscious of the fact.This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they

14、add colour to the dullroutine of everyday life.他们总能赢得别人的喜爱与尊敬，因为他们给平淡单一的日常生活增添了色彩。invariably:=alwayswin them the love and respect of others - win sb sthHer fine character quickly won her the friendship of her colleagues.add colour to 为增添色彩Eccentric add colour to our dull life.希望背诵第一段Up to the time o

15、f his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town.理查德.科尔森生前是我们镇上最有名望的人之一。up to the time of his death: before he died 完成时的标志，这里之所以没有用现在或过去完成 时，主要是突出一个客观事实notable: famousHe was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side

16、of his life.他是个精明能干、有钱的商人，但镇上大部分人对他生活中的这一个方面几乎一无所知。this side of his life 生活中的这一个方面：指他的精明能干、有钱He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.大家都管他叫迪基。早在他去世前很久，他的古怪行为就成了传奇故事了。be known to sb. 众所周知long before he died 在他去世前很久Dickie disliked snobs intensely.

17、迪基痛恨势利小人。intensely: violently,strongly, very muchThough he owed a large car, he hardly ever used it, prefering always to go on foot.尽管他有一辆豪华小轿车，但却很少使用，常常喜欢以步代车。prefering 现在分词做伴随状语hardly: rarelyOne day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavyshower. 一天，他遇上一场瓢

18、泼大雨，淋得透湿。be caught in 突然遇到，突然碰上be caught in a heavy shower 遇到瓢泼大雨be caught in a heavy snow 遇到大雪be caught in a heavy storm 遇到风暴He wanted to buy a $300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition thanan assistant refused to serve him.他走进一家高级商店，要为妻子买一块价值 300 英镑的手表。但店员见他浑身泥水的样子， 竟不肯接待他

19、。in such a condition/state 处于一种状态bedraggled condition 拖泥带水的状态such.that 如此.以至于.The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to seethe manager.店员让迪基走开，他置之不理，并要求见经理。pay no attention to him= ignore him=take no notice of him=turn a deaf ear to him= refuse to listent

20、o himrequest 求见（正式，礼貌，语气强烈）I requested the headmaster.Every student can request assistance of their teacher.demand 在语气上还要强烈，并且不愿意接受否定的回答I demand my rights. 我要求我的权利。ask 口头或写信要求得到某物I asked to get the book. He asked me for help.Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and repri

21、manded theassistant severely. 经理认出了这位顾客，表示了深深的歉意，还严厉地训斥了店员。recognizing 现在分词做原因状语most=very muchWhen Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. 店员为迪基拿出了那块手表，迪基把布口袋递给他。hand sb sth /hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人present sb with sth / present sth to sb 把某物交给某人( 比较正式)He insisted on

22、 the assistants counting the money before he left - 30,000 pennies in all!他坚持要店员点清那些硬币后他才离去。这些硬币加在一起共有 30,000 枚！insist on doing/insist that + should do 坚决要求He insisted that the shop assistant should count the money before he left.This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for t

23、hough the pictures weresupposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie. 这次展览引起报界广泛注意，因为这些画名义上是名家的作品，事实上是迪基自己画的。receive an attention 引起注意receive a great deal of attention in the press 引起报界的广泛注意suppose to doIt took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply t

24、o prove that critics do not alwaysknow what they are talking about.他花了 4 年时间策划这出精心设计的闹剧，只是想证明评论家们有时并不解他们所谈论的事 情。simply to prove=only to provedont always know what they are taking about= dont always talk sense= always talk nonsensetalk nonsense 胡说八道talk sense 说正经话Multiple choice questions 多项选择1.正确答案：

25、Bgo to such lenghths 竭尽全力2.正确答案：B3.正确答案：D4.正确答案：Bbe quite unaware of the fact that. that 引导同位语从句,在非正式用法中 of the fact 可省略5.正确答案：Bmuch 多用在疑问句或否定句中，而肯定句中多用 a lot;a great dealHe knows a lot about it.He doesnt know much about it. Does he know much about it?6.正确答案：A 7.正确答案：A8.正确答案：A 9.正确答案：D10.正确答案：D 11.正

26、确答案：C12.正确答案：Dtalk nonsense 胡说八道talk sense 说正经话Lesson 32 A Lost Ship 沉船之谜New words and expression 生词和短语salvage n. 营救，救助，打捞salvage goods from fire 从火中抢救货物salvage the patient 拯救病人salvage your time 节省时间salvage archaeology/boat/ money 抢救性的考古/营救船/救助的钱cargon.货物cargo : the goods carried by ship, plane or v

27、ehicle （通常用于船运）The ship has a cargo of 1000 tons. cargo vessel 货船goods: the goods carried by plane or train 也可以做形容词。做形容词时只表示铁路运输。常 指商店里的商品。a goods train 货物列车Trains are used to carry goods and passengers. 火车是用来运送货物和旅客的。scour vt.彻底搜查scour : go throughThe house has been searched/scoured for the hidden

28、bullions.为了找到被藏起来的金条，整个房 子都被彻底找过了。search 指寻找丢失的东西或被认为是存在的东西 比 look for 更正式I have been searching everywhere but I cant find the key. hunt指漫无边际的寻找急需的东西We spent a week hunting for the puma.scour 表示彻底的搜查一个特定的范围 并暗示花费更大的力气 They scour the woods for the child. 三个词的共同特点：search/scour/hunt 都可以+ for 表示目的chest

29、n.箱子chest: a large strong box in which valuable objects are keptcase（总称）/ suitcase (手提相 ) / safe（保险箱）/ trunk（汽车尾箱）/ dustbin(垃圾箱)find n : sth good or valuableThe little restaurant is quite a find. The garden is a good findpiece v. 拼成整体piece n. : parta piece of cake / a piece of newsv. : put parts tog

30、ether to form a whole piece together 拼凑They piece the log book together. 他们把航海日记拼凑在一起Piece up : 修补，拼合Please piece up the dress. 请把裙子缝补一下Piece a quilt. 拼缝一下被子convoy n. 护航in a convoy 护航under a convoy 被护航submarine n. 潜水艇 关于 sub 前缀的用法：1表示下 如：subway（地铁） /substructure（下层建筑）/subsoil（下层土）/ subnormal（低于正常的）2

31、表示次、准、亚 如：subtropics（亚热带） / sub college（准大学）/ sub continent（ 次 大陆）3表示副、分支、下级、下属 如： subeditor（副编辑） / subagent（副代理人） /subhead（副标题）/ sub office（分办事处）4表示接近的 如：subadult（接近成年的）/ sub teen (13 以下) / subequal（接近相等的， 约等于）5表示再 如：subdivide（再分）/ sublet（转租）/subculture（再培养）naval n. 海军的naval port 军港naval power 制海权

32、navy n. 海军 voyage n. 海上航行navigation n. 航海术navigate v. 航海，航行Text 课文The salvage operation had been a complete failure.打捞工作彻底的失败了。 请背熟上面这个句子My examination is a complete failure.Their experiment had been a complete failure.The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on

33、 its wayhome.这艘小船爱尔克号在巴伦支海上搜索已经好几个星期了，现在正在返回途中。 定语从句。Which 指代 the small ship, ElkorA radio message from the mainland had been received by the ships captain instructing himto give up the search=The captain had received a radio message from the mainland instructing him to give up the search.。船长收到了从大陆上

34、发来的电报，指示他放弃搜索。 背熟这句话。在这句话中，instructing 进一步说明 a radio message 的内容。instruct sb. to do sth. 指示命令某人做某事（在第五课已经学过） the editor sent a fax to the journalist instructing him to get statistics. 这位编辑给这位记者发了一份传真，指示他马上开始获取数据。The captain knew what another attempt would be made later, for the sunken ship he was tr

35、ying tofind had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.make (another) attempt 再一次尝试 船长知道，今后还会另作一次尝试，因为他在设法寻找的那艘沉船装载了贵重的金砖。Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more.尽管有那份电报，但爱尔克号船长决定再试一次。dispite = in spite oftry once more 代替 make another attempt 为了避免重复The seabed w

36、as scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board whena chest was raised from the bottom.他们用了又大又结实的渔网在海底拖。当一只大箱子从海底被打捞上来时，船上的人兴奋 极了。Searching the seabed need a lot of time and energy. 所以我们用的动词是 scour，语气要比seach 强烈。重点掌握 there was tremendous excitement在正式的书面语中，我们常用 there is tre

37、mendous excitement 这个结构。但是在口语中，我 们还是直接采用形容词 excited.People on board felt excited.There was tremendous excitement before the game.Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contentsof the sea-chest proved them wrong.虽然，开始时船员们以为沉船已经被找到，但是从海底捞起的箱子里的东西证明他们错

38、了，under the impression = thinking that 认为Im under the impression that he is the manager of the store. He is under the impression that youll help him.What they had in fact found was a ship which had been sunk many years before.实际上，他们所找到的是艘多年前的沉船。 由 what 引导的主语从句。注意课文中出现的两个形容词 sunk 和 sunken。做定语只用 sunke

39、n. 而过去分词的普通用法, 既可以用 sunk 也可以用 sunken,一般来讲用sunk.The ship had sunk. a sunken shipThe chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, Alan Fielding.箱子里装着一个 Alan Fielding 海员的私人物品。personal belongings 个人所属物品There were books, clothing and photographs, tighter with letters, which the seaman had oncerec

40、eived from his wife.有书、衣物和照片，同时还有他妻子写给他的信件。together with 还有He together with his classmate went to the zoo and they enjoyed themselves.The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck.爱尔克号船长命令船员尽可能从沉船里多打捞些东西上来。salvage as much as possible = salvage as much as they

41、 couldNothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface.虽然没有找到什么值钱的东西，但是被打捞上来的一些物件倒是颇为有趣的。nothing of value = valubleVery much interesting = of great interest 极有意思的Of great importance = of great significance 非常重要的of no consequence = of no importance 无足轻重的of no inter

42、est 没有意思numerous = countlessIn another sea-chest, which contained the belongings of a ships officer, there was anunfinished letter which had been written on March 14th,1943.在另一只箱子有装着一位海军军官的东西。有一封 1943 年 3 月 4 日未写完的信件。 本句的主干是 In another sea-chest, there was an unfinished letter which had been written

43、 on March 14th,1943.Which（指代 chest ）contained the belongings of a ships officer = there were the belongings of ship officer in the chestThe captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen.船长从这封信中知道这艘船叫卡伦号。learn form 从得知The most valuable find of all was the ships log book,

44、 parts of which it（形式主语）was stillpossible to read. 在所有打捞上来的东西中最有价值的是这艘沉船的航海日志。某些部分仍然能看清楚。Which 在句中指代 log book，而 it 是形式主语，句子可以变成 parts of the log book it was still possible to read.进而变成 it was still possible to read parts of the log book.From this the captain was able to piece tighter all the informa

45、tion that had come to light.船长可以把自己掌握的资料综合起来。that had come to light.做定语从句修饰 informationCome to light = become known = emerge 被公开，被发现（不及物动词短语，要用主动语态）The secret came to light after his death.bring sth. to light = review 把公布于众The two brothers review the secret.The two brothers brought the secret to lig

46、ht.The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemysubmarine.卡伦号是在执行去苏联的护航任务中，遇到敌人潜艇的鱼雷袭击。in a convoy护航under a convey 被护航This was later confirmed by a naval official at the ministry of defense after the Elkor hadreturned home.爱克号回去以后，国防部的一位海军官员证实了这一点。confirmed = ma

47、de surethis 指代“The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine.”最好背诵第一段和牢记熟练运用第二三两自然段的重点固定句式结构。Multiple choice questions 多项选择1 正确答案：A2 正确答案：B3 正确答案：A4 正确答案：C5 正确答案：B6 正确答案：D10正确答案：Btogether with = along with 表示还有added to 表示被加上7 正确答案：C8 正确答案：C9 正确答案：Din t

48、he letter 在信中in the radio message 在电报中in the fax 在传真中including 表示包含、包括。它强调一个整体包含若干个部分，而这里是表示还有什么。11正确答案：Cinscribe 刻画mark 做标记12正确答案：Acome to light = emergearisen 是 arise 的过去分词形式，是个不及物动词，表示产生、出现surface 露出水面alight 要与介词 on 连用，表示偶然发现 My eyes alighted on the book.Lesson 33 A day to remember 难忘的一天New words

49、 and expression 生词和短语prelude n. 序幕，前奏prelude 与介词 to 搭配表示“的前奏”a prelude to serious trouble 麻烦事的前奏introductionn. 导言，绪论 （连 to）introduction to the bookprefacen. 序，前言 （连 to）foreword n. 序 （连 to）unforeseen a. 意料之外的foresee v. 预见，预知foresee = see before hand / in advanceI foresee a bright future for you. foreseeable a. 可预见的 foreseeing a. 预料之中的 unforeseeing a. 意料之外的foretell v. （普通用词）预言（主语可用人和物） predict v. 预言，预示（语气比 foretell 强 主语是人） He predicts that it would happen in ten years.forecast v. 预测，预报Timely snow foretells bumper harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。seriesn. 系列serie