1、,高考英语专题复习-形容词、副词考点,PART ,形容词的语法功能 形容词的基本用法 高考中常出的考察热点和答题技巧：,大飞囊,形容词用法：,The gorgeous car looks / is awesome！His idea sounds reasonable. The barber dyed her hair red. The naughty boy made his sister cry.The old have been taken good care of.,定语,表语,宾语补足语,The+ adj表示一类人，做主语或宾语,表语,1.名词+后缀 形容词 1) ful: help-
2、helpful, use-useful 2) al: naturenatural 3) able :reasonreasonable 4)ce-t: patience-patient2.动词+后缀 形容词： interestinterestedinteresting amazeamazedamazing,常见形容词后缀：,-ing形容词一般修饰事物。 -ed形容词主语一般是人。,5) ty- ious: curiosity - curious,练习,1.She is a _ (nature) musician.2 The man is a worker _(retire) last year.
3、3 .It will not be _(suit) for us to live in the world in the future. 4.The kid was very _ (interest) in physics. 5.We all find it _(importance) to learn English well .6.Mary felt _(please), because there were many empty seats in the room.(2016年广东高考语法填空)2,natural,retired,suitable,interested,important
4、,pleased,在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为: 限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语。 但当几个形容词同时出现在名词之前,我们要注意其次序。 其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材， 指：限定词（包括冠词，指示词数量）, 外观（美丽等）, 形状（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。 a famous American university an interesting small old Italian painting a new plastic bucket,多个定语形容词排列顺序：,其形容词排列遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材， 指：限定词（包括冠词，指示词数量）, 外观（
5、美丽等）, 形状（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。 。,县官行令杀国才。,。,县官行令杀国才。,一辆漂亮的黄色意大利小车。那位魅力十足的年轻苗条的女士。,a gorgeous small yellow Italian car,that charming slim young lady.,表语形容词：它指的是那些只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。英语中的表语形容词非常有限，归纳起来，主要有以下几类： 1.某些以a-开头形容词: absent缺席的，afraid 害怕的 alive活着的 alone 单独的，ashamed 羞愧的 ， asleep 睡着的 ,a
6、wake 醒着的 ， alike 相似的 请看实例： Dont be afraid of it. 别怕。 He was alone in the house.他独自一人在家里。 若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词： 误：an asleep child, an ashamed girl, an alive poet 正：a sleeping child， a shy girl， a living poet 2、某些表示健康的形容词 fine 健康的 ill 有病的 well 健康的 faint昏迷的请看实例：he was ill and couldnt come他病了，所以不能来。,注
7、意 ：very不能用来修饰表语形容词；afraid 害怕的，ashamed 羞愧的，除外。He fell asleep completely.They were very ashamed of his behavior.,Friends ， supper is ready now. They are fond of global tour. The twins look alike so much . English is well worth learning.,改正下列句中的错误 I have to stay at home to look after my ill sister, who
8、 caught a bad cold the other day.,解析：ill表示“生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，不能作定语。,什么是表语形容词？,sick,b表语形容词作定语要后置。,把括号中的词放入恰当的位置All the people at the party were his supporters. （present）,c形容词修饰不定代词something,everything, anything, nothing，nobody等时，要位其于后面。 如：,Is there anything important in todays newspaper? 3任何聪明人 ： anyb
9、ody smart ；,2.今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？,1.美好的东西:,Something nice,D. enough做副词修饰形容词时，放在其修饰的形容词后面。 They are strong enough to performance the fierce game. The singer was wealthy enough to buy such a luxury vehicle.,例: _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国) Brave enough s
10、tudents B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave,enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词之后， enough修饰名词时放在前后都可。,原级比较句型结构: 1.“as+adj/adv+as” 一样 等级比较2. not so(as)+adj/adv+as.” 不如不等级比较该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的“等级比较和不等级比较”)。 例如：My computer is not so(as) heavy as yours.我的电脑不如你的重。,2.“as m
11、any/few+可数名词复数+as” 或as much/ little(少的) +不可数名词+as。前者描述数目上接近，后者描述量相近。 例如：You may get as many books as you can. 你能借多少书就借少。“Drink as much water as you can.”the doctor said to him. 医生对他说：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。,You can t be too careful. You cant be careful enough. 你越仔细越好。,越就越好；怎么也不为过分： 主语+cant be too+adj = 主语+cant
12、 be+adj+enough,little,less,不规则变化形式,least,8,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer abler,narrowest cleverest ablest,more difficult more popular,most difficul
13、t most popular,少数以-er,-ow,-able结尾的双音节词,末尾加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/ elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/ eldest,不规则变化,巧记： 特殊形式比较级 共有三对二合一 坏病两多并两好 little意思不是小 一分为二有两个 一是老来二是远,late,later,latest,fat,fatter,fattest,happy,happier,happiest,difficult,more
14、difficult,the most difficult,careful interesting delicious beautiful Important popular,fine, nice, large,safe / big,thin heavy ,pretty, easy, thirsty, healthy,7,比较级的用法: 表一方超过另一方时, 用“比较级+than”结构； 表一方不如另一方时, 用“less+原级+than”结构.This park is better than that one. This park is less cute than that one.2. 比
15、较级前可加修饰词much, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, far, yet, by far, rather. 注意: by far通常用于强调最高级, 用于比较级时一般放在比较级后面;如放在前面, 应在中间加the.,比较级考点： 1. 表示“比.更”。用 比较级形容词+than+比较成分, than后的动词往往省略, 非正式用法than后人称代名词可用宾格。 He is younger than me. 他比我年轻。 I am a better swimmer than he（him）. 2. 表“较.低; 不及.”用 less+原级形容词+tha
16、n+比较成分。 I am less young than he （is）.我不比他年轻。 3. 表两者之中“较.”, 用 the +比较级+of the two。 This one is the bigger of the two houses. 这所房子是两座房子中较大的。 4. 定冠词/ 指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较意义。 The taller boy is John. 那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。 5. 有少数以ior结尾的形容词, 如inferior（次于）, junior（年幼的;下级的）, prior（之前）, senior（年长的,上级的）, superior（优于）等与介词
17、to连用。 This method is superior to that one. 这种方法优于那种方法,如:He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.His explanation is _. by far clearer B. clearer by far C.the clearer by far D. the clearer,比较形容词可以被副词如a little（一点）,much（得多）, even（更加）, still（更加）, far（.的多） , a lot,
18、 a bit,a great deal , rather，a little ，等修饰, 翻译: 现在的生活简单得多了。 Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.注意;fairly, very, quite 不修饰比较级,quite better除外。,凡是不能修饰比较级的副词，也不能用在too前面。,例：- How did you find your visit to the museum? - I thoroughly enjo
19、yed it. It was _ than I had expected. A. far more interesting B. even much interesting C. more interesting D. a lot much interesting,修饰比较级的副词有much , far, even, still, a lot, a little, yet, a bit, by far etc.,此时形容词都按多音节对待。,常考搭配：1the+比较级, the+比较级 越，就越 The harder you learn, the better your scores will
20、be. The busier he is , the happier he feels. The more difficult the question is , the funnier the students appear. more and more.越来越 As summer is drawing near , daytime is getting longer and longer.,3倍数表示法：1) 倍数 + as +形容词原级 + as； 2)倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than；3)倍数+ the+size/length/width/height/depth/cover+of
21、。 The dining hall is 3 times as large as that one. The dining hall is 2 times larger than that one. The dining hall is 3 times the size of that one.,倍数表达法特殊训练：,4 .no more than Vs not more thanThis book is no more interesting than that one. 这本书不比那本书更有意思。（两者一样没意思。）This book is not more interesting tha
22、n that one. 这本书还不如那本书有意思。（还比不上本书有意思）,5“否定 + 比较级” 表达的意思相当于最高级。 Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you? I couldnt agree more. The idea sounds great to me.“a + 比较级 + 名词（than）” 结构出现在以 never构成的完成时态的动词后面。How beautifully she sings！I have never heard a better voice.,最高级,-Are you satisfied with his
23、 answer? -Not at all. It couldnt have been_ (bad).,worse,(2016) “The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”思路点拨: 这是否定词nothing与比较级连用表示最高级的概念，故填sweeter。 句意是：“没有什么东西比这个更甜了”，也就是说“这是世界上最甜的水”。,sweeter,形容词最高级 ：(三个以上比较才有最高级)the+adj最高级 +of / in / among eg
24、. Their English teacher is the cleverest of all the teachers/ in the school/ among all the teachers.有时形容词最高级前不是定冠词the，而是a/an,此时不是比较结果而是一种修辞手法， 意为：极其，非常。eg. She is a best friend of mine.,1、 one of + the +adj.最高级 + n.（复）of / among / in 意思“最 的之一”eg. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of anc
25、ient China.2、the + 序数词 + adj.最高级 + n.（单） + in短语 “第几（长、大、远）” eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3、adj.最高级 可用在选择疑问句中，常用句型： Which/ Who A, B or C? eg. Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Chongqing? 4、当adj.最高级 前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格 修饰时， 省掉最高级前的定冠词the。 eg. Linda is my siste
26、rs best friend,最高级常考考点：, 答题技巧,1. (2014全国1语法填空)Finally, that hard work paid off and now thewater in the river is (clean) than ever.2.( 2015四川 ) Andy is content with the toy. It is the (good) he ever got.3.(2015全国II)-Mr.Stevenson is great to work for. I really couldnt ask for a (good) boss.,cleaner,be
27、tter,best,形容词比较级的标志词,形容词最高级的标志词,否定词+比较级相当于最高级,口诀:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前。,小结：一些题目可以直接通过 得到答案。,标志词,4.(2016山东)Be (reason)-you cant expect me to finish all this wok in so little time. 5.(2014全国II) While there are (amaze) stories of instant transformation .6.(2014年全国I改错题)The teachers here are kind and help
28、fully.,helpful,系动词后面用形容词作表语,reasonable,名词前面用形容词作定语,系动词后面用形容词作表语,amazing,小结:形容词通常放在 后作表语 前作定语。,系动词,名词,合作探究,1.哪些小题与形容词有关？2.分别考查哪一个考点？A.比较等级 B.形容词后缀C.变为副词,高考链接,(2014全国新课标I 语法填空)Are you facing a situa- tion that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Clevela
29、nd, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most out-standing examples of environmental clean up. But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It
30、 took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water.,was,actually,the,or,to reduce,Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67 is driving your family crazy.
31、Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an im-possible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation , for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and requi
32、re a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 . (patience),cleaner,amazing,changes,patient,that/which,2016全国新课标I Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61(be)unimaginable th
33、at it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the in
34、dustrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67 is driving your family crazy.(删减两句) While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transfor- mation
35、, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 70 . (patience),62.考点一：与副词互换,63.考点二：比较等级,66.考点二： 比较等级,68.考点三：形容词后缀,70.考点三：形容词后缀,翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。 1. When the lights are on, the city looks marvelous. 2. Though frequently beaten
36、 by his opponent, he didnt lose heart. 3. He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs. 4. Obviously, the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation.,修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。,副词,副词用来修饰动词, 形容词, 其他副词或整个结构。They always get up early.修饰动词。The kid was strong enough to lift such a rock修
37、饰 形容词。,副词的位置： 1） 在动词之后。 2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 4) 几个副词程度 方式 地点 时间We study hard at school every day.,形容词变副词规则：,1.直接在形容词后面加ly： hopeful 2.以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i,再加ly：angry easy 3.以辅音字母+ le结尾, e变ypossible terrible ,slow slowly,hopefully,angrily,easily,possibly,terribly,especialexcitedamazingn
38、aturalreal,形容词,副词,especiallyexcitedlyamazinglynaturallyreally,将下列形容词转化为副词形式,careful,loud,safe,quick,slow,第一组：,slowly,quickly,carefully,loudly,safely,第二组 ：,happy,lucky,heavy,angry,easy,happily,luckily,heavily,angrily,easily,第三组：,terrible,gentle,possible,simple,terribly,gently,possibly,simply,总结变化规则,1
39、.直接+ly,2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词变y为i再 +ly,3.有些以le结尾的形容词需要去掉e再+ y,lovely,friendly,ugly,likely,8/20/2019,Adverb(副词),形容词转换成副词的规则,副词的 用法,2.修饰整个句子,1.修饰形容词，其他副词。,3.修饰动词,1.直接+ly,2.以y结尾的形容词 变y为i再+ly,3.以-ble或le结尾的形容词去掉e再+ y,Summary,副词的用法修饰形容词,The panda is really lovely.,副词,形容词,修饰,1.They are really beautiful.,2.They ac
40、ted wonderfully in the TV play .,3.Regretfully,we can not talk to them face to face.,1.The clothes are_ (extreme) beautiful.2.I am _( terrible) sorry.3.The boy _(serious) ill.,terribly,seriously,extremely,副词的用法-修饰全句,Surprisingly ,the two little girls can draw so well.,副词,修饰全句,1._(natural), our paren
41、ts are happy to get our phone call.,Naturally,2._(amazing), the tree did not die.,Amazingly,3._(lucky), a policeman found the boy.,Luckily,He sings beautifully.,副词的用法修饰动词,副词,修饰,动词,1. “ I got an A. “Tom said _(happy).,2. My race went _ (wonderful) from start to finish.,3. We hope your children grow _
42、 (healthy).,happily,wonderfully,healthily,注意： 1)方式副词well; badly糟, 坏; hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. be badly ill/hurt/damaged/in need2)副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不修饰动词。改错： I very like English.I like English very much.,副词比较级和最高级用法同形容词基本一样。 只是，副词最高级形式前的the 通常要省略。 He runs fastest in our class. 他在我们班跑地最快。enou
43、gh 即可当形容词也可当副词； We have enough time to finish our class. 当副词时，放在其修饰的形容词后面：He used to be strong enough to lift a bull.,6. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives_ of all my friends. (2017上海).A. more carefullyB. the most carefullyC. less carefullyD. the least carefully,有的副词有两种形式： 形容词原形副词，和 adj+ly副词。 后
44、者倾向于抽象模糊的感觉：,close与closely close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔细地“ He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. late 与lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近“ You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? deep与deeply deep是表空间深度； deeply表感情上的深度,“深深地“ He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was de
45、eply moved by the film. .,wide与widely wide表空间宽度； widely意“广泛地“，“在许多地方“ He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.free与freely free的意思是“免费”； freely 的意思是“无限制地“ You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like,high与highly high表空间高度; highly表程度
46、, 相当于much。 The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion,go to bed late. A late train,选词填空：1. “Open the door _, ”said the teacher.A. very wider, B.much widely. C .much wider D. more wider.2.The monitor told them to read the text _. loud B . aloud C .loudly D. louder.3. Look ， the kites f
47、lew so_(high, highly).4. The headmaster praised the boy_(high, highly),I.形容词和副词的误用,Complete the sentences. 1. Hearing the news, he sat still and looked _ at me. (sad, sadly)Hearing the news, he sat still and looked _. 2. He thought _of my work. (high, highly)He sang _ praise for my work. 3. The more
48、_ he works ,the fewer mistakes he will make. (careful , carefully)The more _ he is , the fewer mistakes he will make.,sadly,sad,highly,high,carefully,careful,A.(2016福建)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal) respected.B.(2017浙江) The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others (blind).,
