1、基础落实 .高频单词思忆 1.The machine is driven by e . 2.A great many houses were d in theearthquake and many people became homeless. 3.The hurricane left the whole city in r . 4.It t my coat in the car door when Igot out of the car.,lectricity,estroyed,uins,rapped,Unit 4 Earthquakes,5.He b into the room witho
2、ut knocking. 6.Many men were (埋葬) underground when the accident at the mine happened. 7.It is an area where natural (灾难) often happen. 8.The firemen (援救) the boy from the burning house. 9.Teachers have (表达) concern about the emphasis on testing. 10.I (祝贺) them all on their results.,urst,buried,disas
3、ters,rescued,expressed,congratulated,.重点短语再现 1. 结束；终结 2. 照常 3. 掘出；发现；找出 4. 作为而闻名 5. 被覆盖 6. 轻视；看不起 7. 为纪念 8. 以为骄傲 9. 分发，发出 10. 从判断,at an end,as usual,dig out,be known as,be covered by,think little of,in honour of,be proud of,give out,judge from,.典型句式运用 1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places
4、to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。 句中looking for.是现在分词短语作状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作 。,考点提炼,伴随,同时发生,2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子失去了父母。此处leave表示“ ”，其后通常接复合宾语，即宾语加形容词、过去分词、现在分词、介词（短语）等作宾语补足语。,考点提炼,使处于状态,3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose hom
5、es had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭受破坏的幸存者建了住所。是定语从句。关系代词whose引导定语从句时，whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。,考点提炼,whose homes had been destroyed,4.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。the dead意为“ ”。“ ”常表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词要用 形式。 5.The man was sleeping downstai
6、rs when the earthquake happened.当地震发生的时候，这个人正在楼下睡觉。此处when为并列连词，意为“”，前面分句常用 时态。,考点提炼,死者,the+形容词,复数,考点提炼,正在这,时/那时,进行,导练互动 重点单词 1.ruinIn fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in .(回归课本P26)观察思考The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin.银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。My new shoes got ruined in the
7、 mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。,ruins,归纳总结 ruin 。 be in ruins成为废墟 be the ruin of成为毁灭（堕落）的原因 bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产 come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏 掉 ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉,n.毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；v.（使）破产；,（使）堕落，毁灭,易混辨异 destroy,ruin,damage,break,spoil (1)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破 坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损
8、坏抽象的东 西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。 （2）ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的 力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的 意思。 （3）damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，一般指 被破坏的物品可以重新修复。,（4）break是“破坏，打破，打碎”的意思。它表 示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西， 如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东 西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。 （5）spoil破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先 的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾 语常是景致、食欲、计划等。,即学即用 （1）大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。The heav
9、y rain . （2）多年的战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。Years of fighting has left Iraq .,ruined our holiday,in ruins,2.injureTwothirds of them died or wereduring the earthquake.(回归课本P26) 易混辨异hurt,injure,harm,wound(1)hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very mu
10、ch/rather/deeply hurt。,injured,（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure 则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。 （3）harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指 引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道 德的事情。 （4）wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出 血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。,即学即用 （1）在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18人重伤。In the coach crash 10 people died and 18. （2）在战争中，受伤的远比死亡的人多。In a war there are
11、than killed. （3）不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。Dont by reading in dimlight.,were seriously injured,many more wounded,harm your eyes,3.burstIn the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and .(回归课本P26) 观察思考The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of
12、applause.在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队队员的精彩表现赢得了阵阵掌声。She was bursting to tell him the good news.她急不可待要把好消息告诉他。,burst,归纳总结 burst。 burst out突然迸发；爆发 burst out doing sth.（=burst into+n.）突 然起来 be bursting to do sth.渴望；急着要做（某事） burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入 burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/ 乐不可支,vt.& vi.（使）爆裂；（使）裂开；（使）炸,开；
13、突然出现；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发,即学即用 （1） John working hard his losttime,his mother burst laughing.A.Seen;to keep up with;intoB.Seeing;to make up;outC.Having seen;to catch up with;intoD.On seeing;to make up for;out （2）She into tears the moment she knewshe had failed that exam.A.burst B.brokeC.shocked D.cried,D,A,4
14、.shockPeople were .(回归课本P26)观察思考I was shocked at the news of her death.我听到她的死讯十分震惊。I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。The news of his death was a shock to us.他的死讯令我们震惊。,shocked,归纳总结 shock 。 with/from shock由于震惊 a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故 come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊 in a state
15、 of shock惊魂未定 suffer from shock休克 be shocked at对感到吃惊 be shocked to do深感意外地去做,n.打击；震惊；vt.& vi.使震惊；,使惊愕；使触电,即学即用 （1）他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。The news of his wifes death washim. （2）看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。He her smoking.,a terrible shock to,was shocked at,5.judgeYour speech was heard by a group of five,all of whom agreed t
16、hat it was thebest one this year.(回归课本P30)观察思考We judge that he is the best candidate.我们认为他是最佳人选。The judge demanded silence in the courtroom.法官要求法庭上要安静。,judges,归纳总结 judge。 (1)judge sb./sth.from/by.从来判断 judge between right and wrong判断是非 as far as I can judge据我判断，我认为 judging by/from从上看；根据判断 Dont judge
17、a book by its cover.勿以貌取人； 勿只凭外表判断。 (2)Judgement n.判断；审判；意见；判断力 in ones judgement依某人看来，按某人的看法,v.断定；判断；判决；n.裁判员；法官；,评判员,即学即用 （1）我不能断定他是对还是错。I whether he is right orwrong. （2）由天色看来，可能会放晴。,it may clear up.,cant judge,Judging from the look of the sky,重点短语与句型 6.at an endIt seemed as if the world was !(回归
18、课本P26)观察思考The war was at an end.战争结束了。Everything between them was at an end.他们之间的一切都已结束。,at an end,归纳总结 at an end意为： 。 come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语） bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止 at the end of在尽头（末）（指时间或空间） by the end of到末为止（与现在完成时连用） by the end of last.（与过去完成时连用） by the end of next.（用于将来完成时） in the
19、 end最后，终于（作状语） on end连续 to the end到底 without end没完没了的,结束，终结,即学即用 （1）这一年已到年终了。The year is . （2）会议结束了。The meeting .,at an end,came to an end,7.the number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.(回归课本P26)观察思考The number of the students standing outsideis about twenty.有大约20个学生站在外面。
20、The number of students from the north is small.来自北方的学生人数很少。,The number of,归纳总结 the number of意为： 。 表示“许多，若干”的短语：（2）many a+(single)n.+单数谓语动词,的数量,（1）,a large/great/good number of a great/good many a good few/quite a few,+(pl.)n.,（3）,a great/good deal of a great/large amount of quite a little,+Un.,注意 （1
21、）a number of+(pl.)n.作主语，谓 语动词用复数，表示“许多，大量”。 (2)the number of+(pl.)n.作主语，谓语动词用单 数，表示“的数量”。 (3)large quantities of+(pl.)n./Un.作主 语，谓语动词用复数。,a lot of/lots of a great/large quantity of large quantities of plenty of,（4）,+(pl.)n./Un.,(4)large amounts of+Un.作主语，谓语动词 用复数。 A number of problems have arisen. 已
22、经出现了一些问题。 We have had an enormous amount of help from people. 我们得到了人们的大力帮助。,即学即用 （1） children whose parents had died inthe earthquake sent to live withfamilies in other cities.A.A great number of;wasB.A great number of;wereC.The great number of;wasD.The great number of;were ,B,（2）The number of stude
23、nts in our schoolabout 30,000 and them studyhard.A.is;a large amount ofB.are;a number ofC.are;large amount ofD.is;a large number of ,D,8.give out.gas that hot water (回归课本P28)观察思考Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.学生们在向街上每一个人发传单。The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.那个红色的散
24、热器放出大量的热。My money will give out soon.我的钱快要用光了。,gives out,归纳总结 give out意为： 。 give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露 give back归还；恢复 give off发出，放出 give over停止，中止 give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向 give up放弃,用完；发出，分发,即学即用 （1）The gas gave an unpleasant smell.A.off B.in C.up D.away （2）Dont mention that at the beginning of the s
25、tory,or it may the shocking ending.A.give away B.give outC.give up D.give off ,A,A,9.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃
26、食。典例体验reply,he stared at the floor. 他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。It is never give up our prejudice. 抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。,Too nervous to,too late to,归纳总结 too nervous to eat意思为“ ”。其中的too.to.结构，表示“太 以致于不”。关于too.to.句式的用法： （1）too.to.太以致于不 （2）too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为 肯定意义。not/never too.to.,意为“并不 太所以能”。 It is never too late t
27、o mend. 亡羊补牢，未为晚也。 （3）too.to.前面有only,but,all时，only too,but too和all too相当于very,后面的不定式也 表示肯定。,太紧张而不能吃,东西,Im only too pleased to help you. 很荣幸能帮助你。 We shall be only/but too delighted to have you with us. 能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。 （4）当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾 向等的形容词（如anxious,eager,glad,happy, pleased,ready,willing)
28、时，不定式为肯定意义。He was too eager to know the result of his examination. 他迫切想知道考试的结果。,即学即用 (1)The box was (太重了，我搬不动). (2)Im (太累了，什么也想不起来) now. (3)I am (想作一次环球旅行).,too heavy for me to lift,too tired to think of anything,too eager to travel around the world,10.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末
29、日！典例体验they know what theyre doing.他们好像知道他们正在做什么。The whole house to be empty.整座房子似乎空荡荡的。,It seems that,seemed,归纳总结 It seems (to sb.) that/as if.意为：，as if后边可用 语气。 seem to be/like+n似乎，好像 seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像 正在做/已经做了某事 seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是 There seems to be.好像有,（对某人,来说）似乎,虚拟,即学即
30、用 （1）他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。they would getmarried. （2）我大概把书忘在家里了。my book at home.,It always seemed as if,I seem to have left,11.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震在唐山爆发了。 典例体验He doesnt speak Englishyou.他的英语说得不如你流利。I
31、 got up my father did this morning.今天早上我和父亲起得一样早。,as/so fluently as,as early as,归纳总结 本句的 属于“as.as” 结构，两个as的词性不一样，所以它们后面所跟的结 构亦不一样。第一个as是副词，所以后面跟的是形容词或副词的 ，第二个as是连词，所以后面常跟名 词、代词或从句。其否定形式为 ,意为 “ ”。 注意 （1）第一个as是副词，如果后面接单数名词， 要用“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as.”结构。 John is as kind a student as me. 约翰和我一样是个心地善良的学生。,a
32、s strong as the first one,原级,not as/so.as,不如,（2）as.as用来表示倍数的结构为“A is.times as.as B”，意为“A是B的几倍”。 This playground is three times as big as that one. 这个操场是那个操场的三倍大。,即学即用 （1）It is reported that the US uses energy as the whole of Europe.A.as twice B.twice muchC.twice much as D.twice as much （2）Exercise i
33、s as any other to loseunwanted weight.A.so useful a way B.as a useful wayC.as useful a way D.such a useful way,D,C,1.利用派生法，品句填词 (1)The of the island isby the unwise .(govern) (2)Do you know why the May 4thbroke out?Sorry,I dont know.Because at that time my family from Beijing to Hong Kong.(move) (3)
34、The news caused greatamong her friends when she told them .(excite),government,governed,governor,Movement,moved,exciting,excitement,excitedly,品味构词,串联扩展,argument,陈述,声明,协定,约会,确定,宣告,公示,settlement,department,2.利用转化法,品句解词 (1)On arrival at the station,I alwaysbeside the newspaper .(2)Just now I nothing bu
35、t a in his hand. (3)She that she must have left her bag on the train for some .,stand,stand,站立,动词；摊位,名词,saw,saw,看见,动词;锯,名词,reasoned,reason,判定,断定,动词;原因,名词,飞,苍蝇,面临,火柴,比赛,套，副,轮到的机会,燕子,考题回扣 【例1】Whenever I met her, was fairlyoften,she greeted me with a sweet smile. （山东高考）A.who B.which C.when D.that解析 此处考
36、查which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地向我微笑。课文原文It was felt in Beijing, is more thantwo hundred kilometres away.,which,B,【例2】A person e-mail account is fullwont be able to send or receive any e-mails. （天津高考）A.who B.whomC.whose D.whoever解析 e-mail account前缺少定语，故用whose引导定语从句，相当于the e-mail account of wh
37、om。课文原文Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed.,whose,C,【例3】 ,you need to give all you have andtry your best. （辽宁高考）A.Being a winner B.To be a winnerC.Be a winner D.Having been a winner解析 句意为：为了成为赢家，你要付出你的所有并全力以赴。所以空格部分在句中应作目的状语，故要用动词不定式。课文原文Soon after the quakes,the army sent
38、150,000 soldiers to Tangshan .,to help the rescue,workers,B,【例4】The way the guests in the hotelinfluenced their evaluation of the service. （北京高考）A.treated B.were treatedC.would treat D.would be treated 解析 由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。客人是“受到对待”，故用被动语态。课文原文Thousands of families and manychi
39、ldren without parents.,were killed,were left,B,【例5】I can be a teacher.Im not a verypatient person. （湖南高考）A.seldom B.everC.never D.always解析 根据后置语境Im not a very patient person.可知，前句句意应为：我永远不会成为一名老师。表示全部否定含义用never。课文原文Tens of thousands of cows wouldgive milk again.,never,C,自主检测 .品句填词 1.The fish must go
40、 bad,for it is s . 2.The two countries were separated by ac . 3.Water can be turned into s when heated. 4.After the earthquake,the whole city was inr . 5.An accident happened.Luckily,nobody was i .,melly,anal,team,uins,njured,6.There was no s in the air crash. 7.The workers made great efforts to rth
41、e people who were trapped underground. 8.Because of the global warming,there are more and more natural d . 9.The students in our school have omany clubs for themselves. 10.The air in the countryside is much f than that in the city.,urvivor,escue,isasters,rganized,resher,.短语运用1.If war breaks out,we s
42、hall be called up . 2.The express train arrived on schedule . 3.He my suggestion,whichmade me a bit upset. 4.Our company its reputation for fair dealing.,right away,think little of,as usual,give out,be proud of,in ruins,right away,as usual,thought little of,is proud of,5.The news of the Presidents d
43、eath in a radio broadcast. 6.The house was .Fortunately,nobodywas hurt.,was,given out,in ruins,.完成句子 1.Death finally (结束了她的痛苦). 2.They (避雨) under abig tree. 3.He (被评为) the best actorof this year. 4.The foreign visitors (非常高兴有机会) to visit the Great Wall. 5.What a noise!I can hardly stand it.It (好像他们在
44、开晚会) next door.,brought an end to her suffering,took shelter from rain,was judged to be,are only too glad to,have the opportunity,seems as if they are having a party,6. (无论他们在哪儿出现),they met with strong protests. 7. (在城镇的北边) stood a leaning tower in the past. 8.A memorial meeting was held (为了纪念这位伟大的作
45、家). 9.(有三分之二的人伤亡) during theWenchuan earthquake. 10.But the one million people of the city,(对这些征兆满不在乎),went to bed as usual that night.,Everywhere they appeared,To the north of the town,in honour of,the great writer,Two-thirds of the people died or were,injured,who thought little of these events,.单项
46、填空 1.Believe it or not,Lilys sister crying when we were eating.A.burst on B.burst in C.burst out D.burst into解析 burst out+v.-ing意为“突然起来”，而burst into+n.意为“突然开始”。burst on突然出现；burst in闯进；突然闯入。句意为：信不信由你，我们吃饭时莉莉的妹妹突然哭了起来。由句意及burst out的用法可知正确答案为C项。,C,2.The two ladies are of the same age,but itlooks as if
47、one ten years older than .A.is;other B.was;anotherC.were;other D.were;the other解析 考查虚拟语气及代词的用法。从句表述的内容与现在的事实相反，因此，要用虚拟语气，be动词要用were;两者中的另一个应该用the other。,D,3.I received his mothers phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badlyin an accident the day before yesterday.A.hurt B.injuredC.harmed D.wounded解析 意外受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟，我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。,
