1、g3835g10287g5468g17902g1451g3332g1183g13473 g1461g2507g994g13007g13491 g12544g980g16850 g1172g1052g7171g2379g12227 g2379g12227g7389g1172g1052g11004 g1172g1052g7171g1625g2045g2506g2476g6454 g1172g1052g7171g6301g7234g6301g7043g2476g6454 g5353g4388 g5468g3822g7391g2463g2656g6117g980g7691g712g5049g12197
2、g11017g4388g12879g999g1006g712g4410g1114g980g3546g1461g2507g7053g19766g11352g16850g712g1172g1052g18129g8821g4410g6038g712g13984g1114g1856g5347g13783g1114g16809g712g9994g2530g8617g1006g1114g452 g1820g16840“g2379g12227g7389g1172g1052g11004“g17837g1022g19394g20076g452(g7389g1166g6262g12584g712“g2379g12
3、227“g7171g1038g1114g4410g1076“g1461g2507g994g13007g13491“g17837g19388g16850g11352g2530g13505g12468g14422g13792g4396g3324g11352g452g6117g3835g2576g980g3780g712g6238g1194g6314g1998g2447g7550g8621g701) g16774g980g1022g6937g1119: g5364g989g2030g2030g5224g13868g2052g1114g980g1022g11017g4388g1147g2709g185
4、6g2508g1582g8991g16809g1166g2604g712g1194g8821g7389g4410g17819“g1461g2507g994g13007g13491“g17837g19388g16850g12255g452g980g3837g712g1194g6355g2052g1114g980g1022g1147g2709g712g5332g2469g1166g2604g2590g16797g1194g712g1147g2709g7389g980g1022g17767g1849g12483g712g7389g980g1022g17767g1998g12483g712g7389g
5、19492g11352g17767g1849g1461g2507g2494g1262g1147g10995g7389g19492g11352g17767g1998g452 g9994g2530g712g13475g10714g16765g5364g989g8991g16809g5415g17767g1849sin(t)(tyg11352g19394g20076g18129g2499g1209g11004x-f(x)-f-1(x)-yg7481g5483g2052g452 1. g2052g5225g1172g1052g7171g20069g10587? g980g1022g3534g7424g
6、11352g1563g16786: g1231g1321g1461g5699g18129g1867g7389g20069g10587g7053g19766g11352g10317g5627g712g19911g20069g1461g2507g11352g3780g19911g20652g1314g712g1821g11352g20069g16901g712g11017g4388g19675g14645g11352g2620g7411g712g12573g12573g712g6117g1216g6289g16949g1998g980g1022g1226g16868g6403g2172g11352
7、g8022g5577g712g6980g4410g2529g12228g4613g2495g1582g20069g10587g452g5831g16949g3324x-y g5191g19766g990g7389g980g1022g2419g4388g3272g13481g2419g9869g1582g2334g5464g10381g2260g17907g3290g2620g17828g2172g712g6238xg17736g5831g16949g6116g7114g19400g712g18039g1052g16825g3290g2620g17828g2172g3324yg17736g990
8、g11352g6249g5445g4613g7171g980g1022sin(t)g11352g8886g5430g452g11468g1461g1025g4410g10995g18129g14033g10714g16311g17837g1022g452 g18039g1052g712g993g2528g11352g20069g10587g8181g3423g1866g4466g4613g4557g5224g1114g993g2528g11352g3290g2620g17828g2172g17907g5242g452g3290g2620g17828g2172g11352g17907g5242g
9、17246g5567g712sin(t)g11352g8886g5430g17246g12376g452g20069g10587g11352g13565g6930g7389g1016g12193g8181g5347 (a) g13781g5347g11352g6922g19911g7438g18129g7171g11004g11925g5114g1328g1038g19911g1060g1183g17148g11352g712g5415g6117g1216g5567g6930g11352g7114g1517g712g6117g1216g1262g5875g16285g8480g2821g113
10、52g3780g19911g2476g5483g5630g5630g11352g712g16855g4388g5468g20652g712g18039g7171g3252g1038“g3290g2620g17828g2172“g11352g17907g5242g3698g1505g1114g712g8611g980g1022g3780g19911g2010g18339g11352sin(t)g17767g1998g2476g6116g1114sin(nt)g452 (b) g3324CD/g16757g12651g7438g990g19766g5567g6930g6122g9397g6930g
11、5875g16285g8480g6175g5567g2821g6122g13785g5942g2821g712g993g1262g1998g10628g19911g16855g2476g20652g11352g10628g16949g726g3252g1038g5567g6930g11352g7114g1517g18331g11004g1114g7114g3507g18331g7691g11352g7053g8873g712g1014g5335g1114g980g1135g8886g5430g712g1306g7171g6227g17745g1114g1461g5699g11352g17767
12、g1998g8886g5430g993g1262g7389g4497g12376g11352g2476g2282g727g9397g6930g7114g11468g2465g712g7114g3507g1461g2507g3647g1817g6301g19283g4613g2499g1209g1114g452 2. Fg2476g6454g5483g2052g11352g13479g7536g7389g17139g6980/g3809g6980g18108g2010g712g7389g1172g1052g10301g10714g5859g1053g2539? g16311g18334: Fg2
13、476g6454g7171g1022g6980g4410g5049g1867g712g993g1867g7389g11464g6521g11352g10301g10714g5859g1053g712g17139g6980/g3809g6980g11352g4396g3324g2494g7171g1038g1114g16757g12651g11352g4448g6984g5627g452 3. g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g17837g1216g16850g11352g3534g7424g1039g7100g7171g1172g1052? g4557g1122g17902
14、g1461g2656g11017g4388g12879g11352g4410g10995g7481g16840g712g5468g3822g5785g1929g991g6117g1216g11352g5049g1328g7171g16786g16757g6122g13785OSI g983g4630g8181g3423g5415g1025g11352g10301g10714g4630g6228g7427g712g17837g12193g6228g7427g11352g3809g7446g5627g20330g1820g3324g1122g1332g5529g20047g11842g12447g
15、1268g17767g1183g17148g11352g11017g8680g10317g5627g712g17902g5132g993g2528g1268g17767g1183g17148g4557g1122g993g2528g20069g10587g8585g11352g1461g2507g7389g993g2528g11352g3800g10714g14033g2159g452g1209g3838g13605g13459g3800g10714g3534g5114g1461g2507g712g5203g3507g13605g1821g13459g1268g1998g20652g20069g
16、16855g2058g1461g2507g712g12239g2172g17902g1461g7122Gg26563Gg2010g2047g19668g16213g7389g993g2528g11352g17745g20069g10317g5627g452g18039g1052g17837g1135g1183g17148(g12366g8680g712g11017g13459g712g1821g13432g12573)g4557g1122g7588g12193g20069g10587g11352g17767g1849g7171g2554g14033g3827g3324g1268g17767g1
17、114g980g4462g11352g17329g12175g1055g2530g5483g2052g3534g7424g993g2476g11352g17767g1849g2614? g18039g1052g6117g1216g4613g16213g5326g12447g1183g17148g11352g20069g10587g11468g5224g6980g4410g8181g3423g452g2528g7114g712g11705g17959g1114g1183g17148g11352g20069g10587g10317g5627g712g3926g1321g16786g16757g33
18、24g4439g990g19766g1268g17767g11352g1461g2507g6177g14033g3835g2052g10714g16782g990g11352g7380g3835g1268g17767g17907g10587?-g17837g4613g7171g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g17837g1216g16850g5114g20058g6117g1216g17839g1849g11352g980g1022g1002g11040g452 g5415g9994g712g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g11352g5224g1100
19、4g993g8502g17837g1135g712g2656g20333g1904g11352g1461g5699g10714g16782g6358g19069g712g4439g17836g2499g1209g11004g1122g1461g5699g3800g10714(g3780g19911g712g3282g1699)g712g8181g5347g16794g2047g712g7246g14033g6523g2058g12573g20058g3507g452g3926g7536g16840g712g16757g12651g7438g999g1006g11352g16850g12255g
20、7171g6980g6466g15932g17810g11352g17935g17765g8181g3423g712g18039g1052g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g5326g12447g11352g4613g7171g7368g5225g4630g11352g712g1207g15932g1114g7588g12193g10301g10714g5859g1053g11352g6980g4410g8181g3423g452g6980g6466g13479g7512g11352g11705g16794g14033g16311g1927g17935g17765g1461g
21、5699g11352g13546g11733g2656g13428g19181g712g13792g1461g2507g11352g11705g16794g14033g5122g6117g1216g16786g16757g1998g11733g8981g11352g10301g10714g17745g1319(g3926g7536g6521g2475g2052g11352g1461g2507g8886g5430g7171g9163g1093g11352g712g18039g6117g1393g6466g1172g1052g7481g2040g7041g17837g1022g71711g1783
22、6g71710? g17935g17765g990g11352g13428g19181g4613g3845g2447g1114g5859g1053)g452g3324g5049g1006g6523g2058g20058g3507g712g16757g12651g7438g11352g5224g11004g2081g6564g7171g2520g12193g6980g8181g17728g6454g712g18039g1052g2520g12193g10301g10714g10628g16949g1147g10995g11352g17842g13505g8181g6323g1461g2507(g
23、9213g5242g712g11017g19471g712g3835g4579g712g2399g2159g712g17907g5242g12573) g3926g1321g15999g980g1022g10317g4462g16786g3803g17728g6454g1038g7389g5859g1053g11352g6980g4395g1461g2507g712g20330g1820g6117g1216g4613g16213g16786g16757g980g1022g2499g11004g11352g6980g4410g17728g6454g8181g3423g452 4. g3926g1
24、321g16786g16757g13007g13491? g16786g16757g10301g10714g990g11352g13007g13491g2001g6980(g17842g13505g11352g6122g12175g6967g11352g10378g5589)g712g7389g17767g1849g712g7389g17767g1998g712g13792g1025g19400g11352g3800g10714g17819g12255g2656g1867g1319g11352g10301g10714g4466g10628g11468g1863g712g993g7171g178
25、37g1216g16850g1863g5527g11352g18337g9869(g11017g4388g11017g17347g16786g16757?)g452g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g5414g7693g2052g5225g4613g7171g1038g1114g10317g4462g11352g19668g8726g7481g16786g16757g980g1022g13007g13491g2001g6980g452g16786g16757g1998g13007g13491g2001g6980g11352g2081g6564g7171g6238g17767g
26、1849g2656g17767g1998g18129g11004g2001g6980g7481g15932g12046(g1375g3926 sin(t)g452g2010g7524g11352g7053g8873g4613g7171g6238g980g1022g3809g7446g11352g1461g2507g2010g16311g1038g14521g5190g1022g12628g2345g11352g1461g2507g13059g2164g712g1867g1319g11352g17819g12255g4613g7171g980g3835g3546g5506g12227g2010g
27、11352g1008g16211g712g1867g1319g11352g6980g4410g17828g12651g993g7171g17837g19388g16850g11352g1025g5527g5617g5831g452 g18039g1052g13007g13491g7389g18039g1135g12193g12879g2614? (a) g6365g2163g14033g2010g12879: g16855g2058g16311g16855(g1461g2507g6289g7691g2656g18337g7512)g712g2484g2164g712g9400g8886g712
28、g2163g6930g712g11468g1313g16855g6984g712g1461g2507g7114g19059g2528g8505g712g17139g2465g20316g19157g11468g10627g712g1209g2462g14521g5190g4388g13007g13491g13464g6116g11352g980g1022g7368g1038g3809g7446g11352g13007g13491-g1332g2499g1209g11023g1998g13007g13491g8981g12255g3282g712g7171g993g7171g5468g6521g
29、17829g13546g1901g12255g5219g11352g17935g17765g8981g12255g3282? g11842g4466g3324g12538g2507g11352g12366g19400g18336g4439g1216g8821g7389g2318g2047g452g17836g7389g4613g7171g12175g6967g10378g5589g11352g6980g4395g1461g2507g3800g10714(g2530g13505g16850g12255)g452 (b) g6365g13007g13491g12879g2047g2022g2010
30、g712g7092g10378g5589g13007g13491g712g7389g19492g10378g5589g7438g712g13459g5627g13007g13491g12573g452g13792g10301g10714g4630g11352g17842g13505g13007g13491g2001g6980g712g7171g980g12193g3809g7446g11352g13459g5627g13007g13491g452 5. g7380g3921g11352g6957g7460? g12538g2507g13007g13491g11352g7692g5527g717
31、1g19610g2524g16782g712g993g7171g5506g12227g2010g712g8821g7389g19610g2524g16782g7512g17908g1998g7481g11352g13007g13491g712g4466g10628g11004g2052g11352g5506g12227g2010g1427g8639g7092g5859g1053-g1332g10990g14279g993g11705g17959g17828g12651g1114g2334g3837g2052g5225g7171g16213g1328g1172g1052g452g1209g167
32、57g12651g7438g11352g16278g9869g7481g4410g1076g1461g2507g994g13007g13491g712g7380g3921g11352g6957g7460g1055g980g4613g7171g712g1328g13785g7171UC Berkeleyg11352Edward A.Lee and Pravin Varaiya-g1820g4462g1053g1889g4466g10628g712g12538g2524g1166g12879g11352g5617g13512g1076g5827g452g3281g1881g11352g6957g7
33、460g17902g12699g18129g7171g6980g4410g6524g4560g712g4613g7171g993g13955g16840g17837g1135g6524g4560g7171g1038g1114g1172g1052g11458g11352g7481g1582g11352g712g11004g7481g5483g2052g1172g1052g712g5326g16786g1172g1052g712g19462g8502g1172g1052g727g993g2447g1186g16760g16794g16782g2656g19668g8726g990g16764g16
34、782g712g17902g12699g18129g7171g11487g993g1998g11458g11352g11352g7053g8873g16782g712g7424g7423g1510g13634g1114g452 g12544g989g16850 g6289g7691g4462g10714g7171g5190g1172g1052g11352 1. g1042g1022g1375g4388g712g6183g11017g16817g11352g7114g1517g712g11017g16817g7438g2469g1998g11352g1461g2507g7171 PAM g140
35、45g1926g16855g5145g712g3324g11017g16817g13459g17347g990g1268g11352g993g7171g16817g19911g712g13792g7171g16817g19911g17902g17819g1461g17959g13546g11733g17728g6454g2530g11352g14045g1926g5219g2027g712g3324g6922g12483g5686g3809g16833g19911g8886g5430g452g18039g1052g4557g1122g17842g13505g11352g16840g16817g
36、1166g16833g19911g1461g2507g712g3926g1321g17728g2282g6116g1038g980g1135g2027g14045g1926g6177g14033g1457g16789g3534g7424g993g3845g11507g712g2499g1209g1268g17767g2614? g5468g7138g7186g712g6117g1216g5831g2052g11352g4613g7171g2474g7691g712g8611g19560Mg8639g12198g4557g16817g19911g18331g7691g980g8437g11487
37、g11487g11017g1461g2507g6403g5145g712g6238g6403g5145g17728g6454g1038g14045g1926g13546g11733g712g1268g17767g1998g2447g712g3324g6922g12483g6365g7588g12193g16280g2029g18337g7044g10995g6116g16833g16340g452 g18039g1052g712g19394g20076g7481g1114g712g8611Mg8639g12198g18331g7691g980g8437g712Mg3822g4579g7171g
38、17287g3827g11352? g3324g6922g12483g5602g1052g6177g14033g5686g3809g16833g16340g8886g5430g2614? g4557g1122g12544g980g1022g19394g20076g712g6117g1216g13783g15397g712g16833g19911g1461g2507g7171g1022g7114g19400g20069g10587g1461g2507(g6164g1209g4557g5224g11352Fg2476g6454g4613g15932g12046g7114g19400g20069g1
39、0587)g6238g16833g19911g1461g2507g2010g16311g1038g14521g5190g1022g993g2528g20069g10587g11352g2345g19911g9163g2524g1319(g2620g7411g2001g6980g11352g3809g2045g2506g13435g6980g4649g5332g712g19762g2620g7411g11352g2318g19400g2001g6980g712g2499g1209g11487g6116g15929g21796g1209g2530g11352g2620g7411g1461g2507
40、g4649g5332g712g6940g7536g980g7691)g712g4557g1122g7380g20652g20069g10587g11352g1461g2507g2010g18339g712g3926g7536g6289g7691g7053g5347g14033g2554g1457g16789g5686g3809g17837g1022g2010g18339g712g18039g1052g1866g1194g11352g1314g20069g10587g2010g18339g1075g4613g14033g17902g17819g6289g7691g11352g7053g5347g
41、1363g5483g1461g5699g5483g1209g1457g4396g452g3926g7536g1166g11352g3780g19911g20652g20069g19492g2058g3324 3000Hzg712g18039g1052g20652g20069g2010g18339g6117g1216g11487g6116 sin(3000t)g712g17837g1022sing2001g6980g16213g17902g17819g6289g7691g1457g4396g1461g5699g712g2499g1209g11487g1038: g4557g1122g980g10
42、22g2620g7411g712g8886g4804g18331g7691g980g8437g712g8886g16907g18331g7691g980g8437g712g1075g4613g7171g18331g7691g20069g10587g7171g7380g20652g20069g10587g2010g18339g113522g1505(g3868g3874g7043g10317g6289g7691g4462g10714)g712g6117g1216g4613g2499g1209g17902g17819g18331g7691g1461g2507g7092g6451g11352g159
43、32g12046g2419g3999g11352g8181g6323g17842g13505g1461g2507g452g17837g1016g1022g1461g2507g980g980g4557g5224g712g1126g11468g12573g1227g452 g4557g1122g12544g1120g1022g19394g20076g712g3324g6922g12483g712g5602g1052g1186g14045g1926g5219g2027(g7815g16025g8886g5430)g5686g3809g8181g6323g11352g17842g13505g1461g
44、2507g2614? g20330g1820g712g6117g1216g5062g13475g13955g4462g1114g3324g20069g10587g3507g990g19766g11352g14045g1926g5219g2027g5062g13475g2265g2559g1114g1852g18108g1461g5699g712g1306g7171g2419g3999g1461g5699g2494g3324g7588g980g1022g20069g10587g1209g991g4396g3324g712g5602g1052g1582? g6117g1216g16765g1776
45、7g1849g14045g1926g1461g2507Ig17902g17819g980g1022g16786g3803Xg712g17767g1998g1461g2507g1038g2419g3999g11352g16833g19911Og712g18039g1052 I(*)X=Og712g17837g18336(*)g15932g12046g2379g12227g452g7114g3507g11352g10317g5627g993g3921g2010g7524g712g18039g1052g3324g20069g10587g3507 F(I)*F(X)=F(O)g11468g1068g1
46、863g13007g712g17837g991g4613g5468g7138g7186g1114g712g2494g16213F(X)g7171g980g1022g10714g5831g11352g712g1314g17902g9400g8886g3132g4613g2499g1209g1114(g3324Fg3507g11023g1998g7481g4613g7171g980g1022g7053g7706)g712g4439g3324g7114g19400g3507g7171g980g1022g19059g3423g2001g6980(g11013g1122g2265g2559g7114g1
47、9400g17736g11352g17139g6980g18108g2010g712g6164g1209g4466g19481g1025g993g4396g3324)g712g1582g1998g17837g7691g11352g980g1022g1461g2507g3800g10714g16786g3803g712g6117g1216g4613g2499g1209g17902g17819g17767g1849g11352g14045g1926g5219g2027g5483g2052g1972g1058g10714g5831g11352g2419g3999g11352g16833g19911g
48、452g3324g4466g19481g5224g11004g1025g712g6117g1216g11352g6289g7691g20069g10587g17902g5132g7171g3868g3874g7043g10317g20069g10587g1889g3822g980g9869g7123k g17215g1869g11352g16833g19911g1461g2507g712g6289g7691g7643g1946g71718kg17215g1869g452 2. g1889g1042g980g1022g1375g4388g712g4557g1122g6980g4395g3282g
49、1699g712g6289g7691g4462g10714g4557g5224g1122g3282g10267g11352g2010g17788g10587-g6289g7691g4506g5242g17246g3835g712g3282g10267g11352g2010g17788g10587g17246g20652g712g1075g4613g17246g9177g7236g452g3926g7536g6117g1216g11352g6289g7691g20069g10587g993g3827g712g1461g5699g4613g1262g2469g10995g9163g2484-g13605g990g7389g980g5145g3282g10267g712g17829g16282g11536g6152g11536g19248g11487g2052g11352g7171g10245g3252g7043g3386g712g6700g6493g11536g11567g11487g2052g11352g7171g7802g19718-g3252g1038g993g5114g11536g11567g712g2010g17788g10587g993g3827(g6289g7691g20069g10587g3838g1314)g712g206
