1、 做匹配题的时间大概在十分钟左右，因此，精读全文是不太可能的。所以，做匹配题需要快速扫读。首先，阅读文章题目，大致了解文章所述内容。其次，勾出文章中有中文释义的词。然后，阅读匹配项，若匹配项中有与有中文释义的词类似意思的词或短语，则可直接联系到前文中出现该词的段落，然后稍做阅读，若不匹配，则向上向下各扩充一段阅读，匹配段应该在这三段中。阅读匹配项时，勾出关键词。因为没有阅读过文章，因而直接在匹配项中寻找关键词略困难，这时需要一定的技巧。下列词语比较容易帮你定位：1.数字，若匹配项中有于数据有关的，比如百分数，年份，总数之类的，你可以略读文章，直接定位到有相同数字的段落，稍加阅读，则可判断是否相
2、配。2.专有名词，专有名字在文章中会大写，比较扎眼，所以还是比较好找的。3.低频词，所谓的低频词就是较长词，用连词符连接的词，以及比较级和最高级等。因为这些词在文章中出现的频率不会太高，所以有助于匹配。除了用关键词定位以外，还可以通过句意定位，例如，表示对未来的猜测的 eg：in the future ，in my opinion 比较常在文章的末尾出现。同义词组转换也是比较常用的方法。在下面的文章中，还会介绍到一些方法。下面是我做的一篇文章，我用这篇文章为例来具体说明一下。Googles Plan for Worlds Biggest Online Library: Philanthropy
3、 Or Act of Piracy?A In recent years, teams of workers dispatched by Google have been working hard to make digital copies of books. So far, Google has scanned more than 10 million titles from libraries in America and Europe - including half a million volumes held by the Bodleian in Oxford. The exact
4、method it uses is unclear; the company does not allow outsiders to observe the process.B Why is Google undertaking such a venture? Why is it even interested in all those out-of-print library books, most of which have been gathering dust on forgotten shelves for decades? The company claims its motive
5、s are essentially public-spirited. Its overall mission, after all, is to “organize the worlds information“, so it would be odd if that information did not include books.The company likes to present itself as having lofty aspirations. “This really isnt about making money. We are doing this for the go
6、od of society.“ As Santiago de la Mora, head of Google Books for Europe, puts it: “By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the frontiers of human knowledge.“C Dan Clancy, the chief architect of Google Books, does seem genuine in his conviction that t
7、his is primarily a philanthropic (慈 善 的 ) exercise. “Googles core business is search and find, so obviously what helps improve Googles search engine is good for Google,“ he says. “But we have never built a spreadsheet (电 子 数 据 表 ) outlining the financial benefits of this, and I have never had to jus
8、tify the amount I am spending to the companys founders.“D It is easy, talking to Clancy and his colleagues, to be swept along by their missionary passion. But Googles book-scanning project is proving controversial. Several opponents have recently emerged, ranging from rival tech giants such as Micro
9、soft and Amazon to small bodies representing authors and publishers across the world. In broad terms, these opponents have leveled two sets of criticisms at Google.E First, they have questioned whether the primary responsibility for digitally archiving the worlds books should be allowed to fall to a
10、 commercial company. In a recent essay in the New York Review of Books, Robert Danton, the head of Harvard Universitys library, argued that because such books are a common resource the possession of us all only public, not-for-profit bodies should be given the power to control them.F The second rela
11、ted criticism is that Googles scanning of books is actually illegal. This allegation has led to Google becoming mired in (陷 入 ) a legal battle whose scope and complexity makes the Jaundice and Jaundice case in Charles Dickens Bleak House look straightforward.At its centre, however, is one simple iss
12、ue: that of copyright. The inconvenient fact about most books, to which Google has arguably paid insufficient attention, is that they are protected by copyright. Copyright laws differ from country to country, but in general protection extends for the duration of an authors life and for a substantial
13、 period afterwards, thus allowing the authors heirs to benefit. (In Britain and America, this post-death period is 70 years.) This means, of course, that almost all of the books published in the 20th century are still under copyright and the last century saw more books published than in all previous
14、 centuries combined. Of the roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright. Of these, some 27 million are out of print.G Outside the US, Google has made sure only to scan books that are out of copyright and thus in the “public domain“ (works such as t
15、he Bodleians first edition of Middlemarch, which anyone can read for free on Google Books Search).H But, within the US, the company has scanned both in-copyright and out-of-copyright works. In its defense, Google points out that it displays only small segments of books that are in copyrightarguing t
16、hat such displays are “fair use“. But critics allege that by making electronic copies of these books without first seeking the permission of copyright holders, Google has committed piracy.“The key principle of copyright law has always been that works can be copied only once authors have expressly gi
17、ven their permission,“ says Piers Bluffed, of the Sheila Land literary agency in London. “Google has reversed this it has simply copied all these works without bothering task.“I In 2005, the Authors Guild of America, together with a group of US publishers, launched a class action suit (集 团 诉 讼 ) aga
18、inst Google that, after more than two years of negotiation, ended with an announcement last October that Google and the claimants had reached an out-of-court settlement. The full details are complicated - the text alone runs to 385 pages and trying to summarize it is no easy task. “Part of the probl
19、em is that it is basically incomprehensible,“ says Bluffed, one of the settlements most vocal British critics.J Broadly, the deal provides a mechanism for Google to compensate authors and publishers whose rights it has breached (including giving them a share of any future revenue it generates from t
20、heir works). In exchange for this, the rights holders agree not to sue Google in future.K This settlement hands Google the power - but only with the agreement of individual rights holders to exploit its database of out-of-print books. It can include them in subscription deals sold to libraries or se
21、ll them individually under a consumer license. It is these commercial provisions that are proving the settlements most controversial aspect.L Critics point out that, by giving Google the right to commercially exploit its database, the settlement paves the way for a subtle shift in the companys role
22、from provider of information to seller. “Googles business model has always been to provide information for free, and sell advertising on the basis of the traffic this generates,“ points out James Grimmelmann, associate professor at New York Law School. Now, he says, because of the settlements provis
23、ions, Google could become a significant force in bookselling.M Interest in this aspect of the settlement has focused on “orphan“ works, where there is no known copyright holder these make up an estimated 5-10% of the books Google has scanned. Under the settlement, when no rights holders come forward
24、 and register their interest in a work, commercial control automatically reverts to Google. Google will be able to display up to 20% of orphan works for free, include them in its subscription deals to libraries and sell them to individual buyers under the consumer license.N It is by no means certain
25、 that the settlement will be enacted (执 行 ) it is the subject of fairness hearing in the US courts. But if it is enacted, Google will in effect be off the hook as far as copyright violations in the US are concerned. Many people are seriously concerned by this - and the company is likely to face chal
26、lenges in other courts around the world.O No one knows the precise use Google will make of the intellectual property it has gained by scanning the worlds library books, and the truth, as Gleick an American science writer and member of the Authors Guild, points out, is that the company probably doesn
27、t even know itself. But what is certain is that, in some way or other, Googles entrance into digital bookselling will have a significant impact on the book world in the years to come.STEP 1:看标题 -谷歌欲建立全球最大在线图书馆:慈善义举还是盗版行为？由标题可得，该文章应该会围绕谷歌建立全球最大在线图书馆这种行为的定位展开论述，而论述重点会在慈善行为和盗版行为上。STEP 2：标注出文章中的带中文释义的词（
28、蓝色标注）STEP 3：阅读匹配项，看是否有与带中文释义的词意思相近的词或短语（黄色标注）该步骤见批注STEP 4：标注匹配项中的关键词（灰色标注）Comment t1: 这里对应着第三个蓝色标注 mired in（F 段）这两个词组意思相近，可以联系在一起，再仔细阅读文章会发现在第一题中出现了 legal battle，而文章中 mired in后面也是 legal battle。如果不放心，可以把文章中该句读完，则会发现两者匹配，因此，该题对应 F。Comment t2: 这里直接对应着第四个蓝色标注（I 段） ，同时，在该题中出现了 detail，而稍微看一下 I 段就能发现该段中也出现
29、了 detail，而complicated and difficult to understand对应着文章中的 incomprehensible，因此，该题对应 I。就这篇文章而言，主体肯定是 Google以及该行为的支持者（对应慈善义举）和反对者（对应盗版行为）还有评论者，所以，在匹配项中找关键词，就要找主体所发出的行为，对主体行为的评价，行为的目的等。找完关键词后，开始扫读文章，这里一定要快并且要有目的性。其实匹配项所给的句子一般不长，所以即使没有找出关键词也没关系，但是要大致记住匹配项中所出现的词语。1.Google has involved itself in a legal bat
30、tle as it ignored the copyright of the books it scanned.2.The method Googles book scanning project adopts is not available to the outside world.3.The class action suit against Google was settled with the details being complicated and difficult to understand.4Opponents of Google Books believe that di
31、gitally archiving the worlds books should be controlled by non-profit organizations.1. 2.5.Google defends its scanning in copyright books by saying that it displays only a small part of their content.扫读时，在 A段即可发现 A段中的倒数第二句中的 the company does not allow outsiders to observe the process.(在这里，outside wo
32、rld是匹配的关键，次要的是 not available与 not allow的同义转换)主语在定位中也有很重要的作用，一篇文章除了主要叙述主要主体的所作所为之外，会在集中的段落叙述对该主要主体的看法不一的人的评价，因此，这类人比较容易在文章中发现。当你扫读到 D段就能发现该段在说 Google行为存在争议，由此可以推断，马上就会讲到支持者和反对者，然后就不难发现 D段中出现了 opponent。这里是我所说的低频词中的有连词符号的词语，在文章中比较容易被发现。该词组在 E段中，当你读完D段会发现 D段没有涉及到数字归档任务的走向问题，然后往下再看一段，在 E段中就能发现最后一句涉及了数字归档
33、任务应该由那些公立的非营利性团体完成。由此该题对应着 E段。所以，在这题的情况下 opponent是帮助我们初步定位。Comment t3: 该句大致意思是谷歌称其建立全世界最大在线图书馆的目的是为了广大人民的利益。而这里的为了广大人民的利益与第一个蓝色标注 philanthropic（C 段,意为慈善的）相对应，然后阅读 C段，但是 C段不匹配的一个重要原因在于，C 段中是谷歌中的一个人对该行为的界定，而不是谷歌公司的界定。这里就需要向上向下各看一段，向上看，发现 B段中第三句，意思是谷歌公司声称它的本质动机是热心公益。另外，从 B段第三句中的 claim its motive可以看出与该句
34、的 claim its plan相对应。所以，该题对应 C段。 （若向下看一段可以发现下一段论述的是争议问题。 ）6.Critics remarked that the settlement of the commercial provision could make Google a strong competitor in bookselling business.7.Google claims its plan for the worlds biggest online library is to serve the interest of the general public.8.Go
35、ogles entrance into digital bookselling will tremendously influence the book world in the future.1.2.9.The commercial provisions of the settlement remained controversial after the law suit ended.有第一题中的 legal battle和第三题中的 class action suit可以推断出，Google 陷入了法律纠纷，因此，这里的 defend就极有可能是 Google在应诉的时候提出的辩护意见，由
36、第一题和第三题及其对应段落也能推断出讲述 Google陷入 legal battle的内容大致在 F到 I 段，在这个范围中扫读，就能发现 H段第二句中defence，display，only，small part 等词与该题直接对应。这里又是与主语有关的。文章扫读到这里，其实文章结构也差不多出来了，文章首先介绍了谷歌扫描全球图书以欲创建全球最大信息库的行为，然后介绍了该行为的主要发起者对该行为性质的界定，接踵而至的就是争议，在争议中就会出现反对者(opponent),既有争议那么陷入法律纠纷就是正常的事情，讲述完了法律纠纷及结果，就到了外界评论这整个事件的时候，然后就是对该行为的一个未来走向
37、的展望。所以，在法律纠纷后应该就跟着 critics对整个事件的评论，所以，接着扫读就能发现在 L段中出现了 critics。而 strong competitor对应着段末的 a significant force。然后稍微理解就能发现该题与该段相匹配。定位辅助词这句大致是对谷歌该行为在未来的影响的评论，所以，比较可能在文章末尾出现，直接看最后一段。最后一段最后一句与该句完全同义，所以该题与 O段对应。辅助定位，与最后一句的 have a significant impact on同义从前面对文章结构的分析可以看出，law suit的 settlement应该在 I 段之后，扫读下来可以容易
38、地发现，K 段开头就提到了 settlement，而在结尾处又出现了 controversial，所以该题对应着 K段。Comment t4: 这里直接对应最后一个蓝色标注（N 段） ，仔细阅读会发现，该题中的 copyright violation在 N段中也出现了，所以，该题对应 N段。（该句直接对应 N段的第二句）10.The settlement of orphan works,if enacted,will in reality end the lawsuits concerning copyright violation in the US filed against Google.总之，做匹配题必须要快，快就需要技巧，要掌握技巧就需要训练。所以，匹配题一定不能慢慢看，你在找到大概范围之后稍作阅读和理解是可以的，但是仅限于大致定位后的仔细检查。文章的结构也要在扫读过程中有一个大概的掌握，这样对定位比较有利。个人意见，仅供参考。
