1、考研英语精选测考试试题(一)1 / 45考研英语精选测试题（一）Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companies, created out of the privati
2、zed national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth_1_, its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations_2_is drawing interest.In a plan called “Station Renaissance” that it_3_in November, JR East said that it would_4_using its commercial spaces for shops and restauran
3、ts, extending them to_5_more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up_6_for such goods as books, flowers and groceries_7_over the Internet. In a country where city_8_depend heavily on trains_9_commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the c
4、ompany _10_. So, picking up commodities at train stations_11_consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station_12_stores for this purpose, but it plans to create_13_spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.The company also plans to introduce _14_cardsknow
5、n in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for_15_information_16_ train tickets and commuter passes_17_the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an _18_pass. This will save the company money, because_19_for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased
6、 use of IC cards should also_20_the space needed for ticket vending.1.Aperspectives Boutlooks Cprospects Dspectacles2.Acreatively Boriginally Cauthentically Dinitially考研英语精选测考试试题(一)2 / 453.Adisplayed Bdemonstrated Cembarked Dunveiled4.Ago beyond Bset out Ccome around Dspread over5.Aapplications Bent
7、erprises Cfunctions Dperformances6.Adistricts Bvicinities Cresorts Dlocations7.Aacquired Bpurchased Cpresided Dattained8.Alodgers Btenants Cdwellers Dboarders9.Afor Bin Cof Das10.Afigures Bexhibits Cconvinces Dspeculates11.Adeprives Bretrieves Cspares Dexempts12.Aconjunction Bconvenience Cdepartment
8、 Dornament13.Adelegated Bdesignated Cdevoted Ddedicated14.Aclever Bsmart Cingenious Dintelligent15.Achecking Bgathering Cholding Daccommodating16.Aas Bfor Cwith Dof17.Abut for Bas well as Cinstead of Dmore than18.Aunique Bsingle Cunitary Donly19.Adevices Binstruments Creaders Dexaminers20.Areduce Bn
9、arrow Cdwarf DshrinkSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1“Ive never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cra
10、mped confines of his lab at Texas A promoting admissions decisions that look at more than test scores; and encouraging universities to step up their minority outreach and financial aid. And to counter accusations by critics to challenge these tactics in court, the group says it will give legal assis
11、tance to colleges sued for trying them. “Diversity diminished by the court must be made up for in other legitimate, legal ways,” says, a forum member.One of the more controversial methods advocated is the so-called 10% rule. The idea is for public universitieswhich educate three-quarters of all U.S.
12、 undergraduatesto admit students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in 考研英语精选测考试试题(一)6 / 45average urban schools, even if they wouldnt have made the cut under the current statewide ranking many universities use.1. U.S.
13、court restrictions on affirmative action signifies that_.Aminorities no longer hold the once favored statusBthe quality of American colleges has improvedCracial preferences has replaced racial prejudiceDthe minority is on an equal footing with the majority2. What has been a divisive issue across the
14、 United States?AWhether affirmative action should continue to exist.BWhether this law is helping minorities or the white majority.CWhether racism exists in American college admission.DWhether racial intolerance should be punished.3. CEOs of big companies decided to help colleges enroll more minority
15、 students because they_.Athink it wrong to deprive the minorities of their rights to receive educationBwant to conserve the fine characteristics of American nationCwant a workforce that reflects the diversity of their customersDthink it their duty to help develop education of the country4. The major
16、 tactic the forum uses is to_.Abattle the racial preferences in courtBsupport colleges involved in lawsuits of racismCstrive to settle this political debate nationwideDfind legally viable ways to ensure minority admissions5. If the 10% rule is applied, _.Athe best white high school students can get
17、into collegesBpublic universities can get excellent students考研英语精选测考试试题(一)7 / 45Cstudents from poor rural families can go to collegesDgood minority students can get into public universitiesText 3Positive surprises from government reports on retail sales, industrial production, and housing in the pas
18、t few months are leading economists to revise their real gross domestic product (GDP) forecasts upward supporting the notion that the recession ended in December or January.Bear in mind: This recovery wont have the vitality normally associated with an upturn. Economists now expect real GDP growth of
19、 about 1.5 in the first quarter. Thats better than the 0.4 the consensus projected in December, but much of the additional growth will come from a slower pace of inventory drawdowns, not from surging demand.Moreover, the economy wont grow fast enough to help the labor markets much. The only good new
20、s there is that jobless claims have fallen back from their spike after September 11 and that their current level suggests the pace of layoffs is easing.The recovery also does not mean the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates soon. The January price indexes show that inflation remains tame. Cons
21、equently, the Fed can take its time shifting monetary policy from extreme accommodation to relative neutrality.Perhaps the best news from the latest economic reports was the January data on industrial production. Total output fell only 0.1, its best showing since July. Factory output was flat, also
22、the best performance in six months. Those numbers may not sound encouraging, but manufacturers have been in recession since late 2000. The data suggest that the factory sector is finding a bottom from which to start its recovery.Production of consumer goods, for instance, is almost back up to where
23、it was a year ago. Thats because consumer demand for motor vehicles and 考研英语精选测考试试题(一)8 / 45other goods and the housing industry remained healthy during the recession, and they are still growing in early 2002.Besides, both the monthly homebuilding starts number and the housing market index for the p
24、ast two months are running above the averages for all of 2001, suggesting that home-building is off to a good start and probably wont be big drag on GDP growth this year.Equally important to the outlook is how the solid housing market will help demand for home-related goods and services. Traditional
25、ly, consumers buy the bulk of their furniture, electronics, and textiles within a year of purchasing their homes. Thus, spending on such items will do well this year, even as car sales slip now that incentives are less attractive. Look for the output of consumer goods to top year-ago level in coming
26、 months.Even the business equipment sector seems to have bottomed out. Its output rose 0.4% in January, led by a 0.6% jump computer gear. A pickup in orders for capital goods in the fourth quarter suggests that production will keep increasingalthough at a relaxed pacein coming months.1. American eco
27、nomists are surprised to see that_.Athey have to revise the GDP forecasts so oftenBtheir government is announcing the end of a recessionCUS economy is showing some signs of an upturnDGDP growth reflects stronger domestic demand2. The most encouraging fact about the US economy is that_ .Aemployment r
28、ates have risen faster than expectedBthe Federal Reserve will raise interest rates soonCindustrial production is reaching its lowest pointDsome economic sectors have become leading industries3. Of which of the following did the author provide a guardedly optimistic view?考研英语精选测考试试题(一)9 / 45AGDP grow
29、th. BThe number of layoffs.CPrice indexes. DOutput of consumer goods.4. Which of the following is the guarantee of a better future for US economy?AMotor vehicles. BHousing market.CBusiness equipment. DComputer gear.5. Which of the following best summarizes the U. S. economic situation today?AAmerica
30、n economists are painting a gloomy picture.BIt is slowly warming up with moderate growth.CRecession may come back anytime in the coming months.DMost sectors are picking up at a surprisingly fast pace.Text 4Timothy Berners-Lee might be giving Bill Gates a run for the money, but he passed up his shot
31、at fabulous wealthintentionallyin 1990. Thats when he decided not to patent the technology used to create the most important software innovation in the final decade of the 20th century: the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee wanted to make the world a richer place, not a mass personal wealth. So he gave hi
32、s brainchild to us all.Berners-Lee regards todays Web as a rebellious adolescent that can never fulfill his original expectations. By 2005, he hopes to begin replacing it with the Semantic Weba smart network that will finally understand human languages and make computers virtually as easy to work wi
33、th as other humans.As envisioned by Berners-Lee, the new Web would understand not only the meaning of words and concepts but also the logical relationships among them. That has awesome potential. Most knowledge is built on two pillars: semantics and mathematics. In number-crunching, computers alread
34、y outclass 考研英语精选测考试试题(一)10 / 45people. Machines that are equally adroit at dealing with language and reason wont just help people uncover new insights; they could blaze new trails on their own.Even with a fairly crude version of this future Web, mining online repositories for nuggets of knowledge w
35、ould no longer force people to wade through screen after screen of extraneous data. Instead, computers would dispatch intelligent agents, or software messengers, to explore Web sites by the thousands and logically sift out just whats relevant. That alone would provide a major boost in productivity a
36、t work and at home. But theres far more.Software agents could also take on many routine business chores, such as helping manufacturers find and negotiate with lowest-cost parts suppliers and handling help-desk questions. The Semantic Web would also be a bottomless trove of eureka insights. Most inve
37、ntions and scientific breakthroughs, including todays Web, spring from novel combinations of existing knowledge. The Semantic Web would make it possible to evaluate more combinations overnight than a person could juggle in a lifetime. Sure scientists and other people can post ideas on the Web today
38、for others to read. But with machines doing the reading and translating technical terms, related ideas from millions of Web pages could be distilled and summarized. That will lift the ability to assess and integrate information to new heights. The Semantic Web, Berners-Lee predicts, will help more p
39、eople become more intuitive as well as more analytical. It will foster global collaborations among people with diverse cultural perspectives, so we have a better chance of finding the right solutions to the really big issueslike the environment and climate warming.1. Had he liked, Berners-Lee could
40、have _.Acreated the most important innovation in the 1990sBaccumulated as much personal wealth as Bill GatesCpatented the technology of Microsoft software考研英语精选测考试试题(一)11 / 45Dgiven his brainchild to us all2. The Semantic Web will be superior to todays web in that it _.Asurpasses people in processin
41、g numbersBfulfills users original expectationsCdeals with language and reason as well as numberDresponds like a rebellious adult3. To search for any information needed on tomorrows Web, one only has to _.Awade through screen after screen of extraneous dataBask the Web to dispatch some messenger to h
42、is doorCuse smart software programs called “agents”Dexplore Web sites by the thousands and pick out whats relevant4. Thanks to the Web of the future, _.Amillions of web pages can be translated overnightBone can find most inventions and breakthroughs onlineCsoftware manufacturers can lower the cost o
43、f computer partsDscientists using different specialty terms can collaborate much better5. The most appropriate title for this text is.ADifferences bet,ween Two WebsBThe Humanization of Computer SoftwareCA New Solution to World ProblemsDThe Creator and His Next CreationPart BDirections:In the followi
44、ng article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the lish A-G to fit into 考研英语精选测考试试题(一)12 / 45each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices that do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The making of
45、 weathervanes (devices fixed on the top of buildings to show directions of the wind) is an ancient skill, going back to early Egyptian times. Today the craft is still very much alive in the workshop that Graham Smith has set up. He is one of the few people in the country who make hand-cut weathervan
46、es. Grahams designs are individually created and tailored to the specific requirements of his customers. “That way I can produce a unique personalized item,” he explains, “A lot of my customers are women buying presents for their husbands. They want a distinctive gift that represents the mans busine
47、ss or leisure interests.”Its all a far cry from the traditional cock, the most common design for weathervanes.It was not a cock but a witch on a broomstick that featured on the first weathervane Graham ever made. Friends admired his surprise present for his wife and began asking him to make vanes fo
48、r them. “I realized that when it came to subjects that could be made into them, the possibilities were limitless,” he says.(41)_.That was five years ago and he has no regrets about his new direction. “My previous work didnt have an artistic element to it, whereas this is exciting and creative,” he says. “I really enjoy the design side.”(42) _.Graham also keeps plenty of traditional designs in stock, since they prove as popular as the one-offs. “It seems that people are attra
