1、Have has had 及完成时（2015.06.19）A dog four legs. A bird two legs. Our school a library. We 37 chairs in our classroom. My sister a nice toy car. You two small eyes. My sister three pens. Come here and an apple.My dog one eye only. Cats four legs. Dogs two ears.Everybody _ a dream. Everything _ its time
2、. They each _ a book. Each of them _ a book.Do you a bike ? Do they any salt ? Does he a bike ? Does a rabbit four legs ? I dont any rice . We dont any salt .He doesnt have a pen . 4. She doesnt have any envelopes 在肯定句中，主语是（I, we, they）时用 have，主语是第三人称单数 he, she, it 时用 has 在疑问句和否定句中无论什么人称作主语，都用 have。
3、 Something, everything 等做主语时用 has。Each of 加名 词做主语时用 has。 复数主语开头加 each，如 they each 仍旧用 have. had 是 has 和 have 的过去式。 用法：1、has have had 也可以作为一般 动词，意为“拥有”“进行”“吃”“使得”“ 让” 等。如果后接不定式，意为“不得不”。例如：a) He has a good pen. 他有一支好笔。b) We have supper at 6:00. 我们六点钟吃晚饭。c) I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理了发。（我让我的头发被剪
4、了，昨天）d) I have to leave now. 我得走了。“have to do sth 必需做某事，不得不”e) Can I have a toy? 我可以要一个玩具吗？2、如何变疑问句？一般现在时时 ,借助助动词 do/does.现在完成时时,则直接将 have/has 提到句首。例如：He has big eyes. - Does he have big eyes?He has finished his homework. - Has he finished his homework?3、后接 过去分词，构成现在和过去完成、完成进行时。 例如：a) He has gone to
5、 Beijing. 他已经到北京去了。b) I have been a teacher since then. 从那时起我就一直当教师。c) They had left when I got there. 我到那里的时候，他们已经走了。d) He has been working hard since early morning. 丛一大早他就一直在下劲干活。时态问题（1）一般现在时（A 表示当前的状态；B 表示当前一段时间内经常反复发生的动作；C 客观真理。 ）（2）一般过去时（A 表示过去某段时间的状态；B 表示过去某段经常反复发生的动作）（3）一般将来时（A 将来某段时间内的状态；B 表
6、示将来某段时间内经常反复的动作）（4）现在进行时（表示说话当前正在进行或者刚刚完成的动作）（5）过去进行时（表示在过去的某段时间内正在进行的动作或者状态）（6）过去将来时（以过去某点为基础，表示在其后将要发生的动作或者状态）（7）将来进行时（表示将来的某个或段时间内正在进行的动作或状态）（8）现在完成时（表示已经发生的动作对说话现在有影响或结果）（9）过去完成时（表示已经发生的动作对过去的某个点有影响或结果）（10）现在完成进行时（表示从过去的某个点起到现在一直在进行并对现在有影响和结果的动作）A.现在完成时：have / has done（一）意义1.表示经历或动作的结果，强调这 个动作对现
7、在造成的结果或产生的影响I have turned off the radio, so you can sleep quietly.He has recovered from his illness. He is playing football now.例题： Alvin, are you coming with us? Id love to, but something unexpected _.A. has come up B. was coming up C. had come up D. would come upIm sorry, but I dont quite follow y
8、ou. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made注意：如果动作被说明在某个具体时间发生，则必须用一般过去时I saw the film yesterday.例题： Judy is going to marry the sailor she _in Rome last year.A. meets B. met C.
9、has met D. would meet The year 2010_remarkable changes in Shanghais landscape.A. sees B. has seen C. saw D. had seen2.和 for, since, how long 连用表示持 续到现在的动作或状态 。在肯定句中，使用的 动词为延续性动词。He has come here for three days.beenHis father has died for 20 years.been deadThey have married for two years.been married
10、He has left home for three months.been away from例题：How are you today ?Oh, I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feel D. havent felt How long _ at this job?Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be em
11、ployed注意：并非所 for 和 how long 引导的句子都得用完成时，如果动作已经结束就用一般过去时Glad to see you back. How long did you stay in the wonderland of Yunnan?例题： Mr Robert, who is said to have returned to London with his family, _at Beijing University for eight years.A. has been teaching B. was teaching C. taught D. have taught W
12、here have you been recently?I _in Beijing on business for a week last month.A. have been B. had been C. had gone D. was I_ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived3.注意区分几个短语：have been to 去过某地have gone
13、 to 已经去了某地have been in 在.地方4.常见的时间状语：before , already, yet, recently, lately, till now, up to now, so far, ever, once, since, since then, for, in/for/during the past/ last few years例题：Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D.
14、 has saved（二）固定句型1.It is +时间段+since+从句（过去时）自从某人做某事多久了was (过去完成时）It is five years since I came to work.改错：It is already 10 years since he becomes a lawyer.2.It is the first(second, third.)time that 从句（现在完成时）was (过去完成时）It is the third time that the boy has been late for school.例题：This is the first tim
15、e we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen3.主语+be+最高 级所修饰的先行词+that+ 定语从句（最好用现在完成时）Gangnam Style is the funniest song that I have ever heard.Twilight is the best vampire movie that I have ever seen.例题：It is the most instructive lecture that I _since I came
16、 to this school. A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended B.过去完成时：had done1.常常用来表示发生在过去的两个事件中先发生的那个动作，它是一个相对的时态，不能离开某一过去时间而孤立存在He told me that he had already seen the film.When they got to the field, the football match had already started.例题： The hotel wasnt particularly good, bu
17、t I _in many worse hotels.A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayedThe moment I got home, I found I _my jacket on the playground.A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _each other for years.A. knew B. have known C.
18、 had known D. knowI had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _before my eyes.A. swim B. swum C. swam D. had swum2.和 by, before 等词连用By the end of last month, we had learned 2000 words.He hadnt learned any Chinese before he came to China.例题：By the time Jack returned home from E
19、ngland, his son _from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated3.固定句型前三句型同现在完成时( 见前文）hardly/scarcely.when no sooner.than 一 .就. We had hardly got into the room when it began to snow.We had no sooner sat down than the bell rang.例题： He had no sooner finished his spee
20、ch _ the students started cheering.A. since B. as C. when D. thanHardly had I caught sight of her _ I recognized her _ I hadnt seen her for ages.A. then; as B. when; since C. before; because D. when; thoughC.将来完成时：will have done表示在将来某个时刻前已经完成的动作，常与 by，before 或其它时间状语连用I will have learnt 2000 words by
21、 the end of this term.I hope we will have got everything ready before you come tomorrow.例题：Could you meet me at the airport ?Id like to, but I _Beijing when you return.A. will have left B. was leaving C. will leave D. have left D.现在完成进行时 have + been +现在分词I have been studying English for ten years.我一
22、直在学英语，已达十年之久。E. have+been +过去分词，构成现在完成时被动语态English has been taught in China for many years.中国教英语已经多年。【高考真题】1.(2010 高考英语上海秋季卷,31)The church tower which _ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored2.(2010 高考英语上海秋
23、季卷,28) Every few years, the coal workers _ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had3.(2010 高考英语重庆卷,31)-Why do you want to work for our company?-This is the job that I _for.A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking4.(2010 高考英语重庆卷,29)The
24、palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _now.A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained5.(2010 高考英语重庆卷,24)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _on the market in 1973.A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes6.(
25、2010 高考英语浙江卷,15)For many years, people _ electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.Ahad dreamed of Bhave dreamed of Cdreamed of Ddream of7.(2010 高考英语浙江卷,5)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you _ fresh watermelon in the fall.Aeat Bwould eat Chave eaten Dwil
26、l be eating 8.(2010 高考英语天津卷, 10)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting_ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited9.(2010 高考英语天津卷,4)We _on this project for four hours. Le ts have a rest.A. are worki
27、ng B. have been working C. worked D. had worked10.(2010 高考英语四川卷,18)Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame youAwill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected11.(2010 高考英语四川卷,16)一 When shall we restart our business?一 Not until we our planAwill finish Bare finishi
28、ng Care to finish Dhave finished12.(2010 高考英语上海春季卷,30)The employees _ that they should renew their contracts within a week.Aadvise Bhave advised Care advised Dhad been advised13.(2010 高考英语上海春季卷,29)We _on our project day a nd night in the past two weeks.Ahad worked Bhave worked Cwill be working Dhas
29、been advised14.(2010 高考英语陕西卷,24)It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being b uilt15.(2010 高考英语陕西卷,21)I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D
30、. cough16.(2010 高考英语山东卷,30)Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved17.(2010 高考英语辽宁卷,30)I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it.Awill do Bdo Cam doing Dhad done18.(2010 高考英语辽宁卷,24)J
31、oseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian.Ahas been going Bwent Cgoes Dhas gone19.(2010 高考英语江西卷,30)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she_ since her marriage to Father.A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering20.(2
32、010 高考英语江苏卷,33)-Is everyone here? -Not yetLook , there_ the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming21.(2010 高考英语江 苏卷,30)-Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?-We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.A. were B. have been C.
33、 had been D. will be 22.(2010 高考英语江苏卷,23)why, Jack, you look so tired!-Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting23.(2010 高考英语湖南卷,34)Im tired out I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.A. shopp
34、ed B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping24.(2010 高考英语湖南卷,33)Liste ning to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. is B. are C. has D. have25.(2010 高考英语湖南卷,31)I walked slowly through the market, where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied
35、 the prices carefully and bought what I needed.A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold26.(2010 高考英语湖南卷,27)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone_ it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 27.(2010 高考英语湖南卷,24)This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve las
36、t year.A. was named B. named C. is named D. names28.(2010 高考英语福建卷,31)Guess what ,weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.How nice! You _ a different culture then.A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced29.(2010 高考英语福建卷,28)
37、Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised30.(2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,32)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. woul
38、d make C. was to be made D. had made31.(2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,28)When you are home, give a call to let me know you_ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive32.(2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,21) Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? N0, I _ my homework all day yesterday.A. was doing B. wou
39、ld do C. had done D. do33.(2010 高考英语大纲全国 II 卷,19)Excuse me. I _ I was blocking your way.A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing34.(2010 高考英语大纲全国 II 卷,15)Linda ，make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive.A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting 35.(2010 高考英语北京卷,2
40、8)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me.A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing36.(2010 高考英语北京卷,26)-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I _ myself clear. We want to return on Octobe r 20.A. had
41、nt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made37.(2010 高考英语北京卷,24)-Im not finished with my din ner yet.-But our friends _ for us.A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting38.(2010 高考英语北京卷,22)In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r“ sounds at the end of the words _.A. are d
42、ropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped39(2010 高考英语安徽卷,34)一 Weve spent too much money recently一 Well，it isnt surprisingOur friends and relatives_ around all the time.Aare coming Bhad come Cwere coming Dhave been coming解析1.【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态。Restore 意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此 为正在修复中，答案选 D.2. 【
43、答案】B【解析】本题考查时态。根据时间状语 every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。3. 【答案 】D【解析 】考查时态。由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持 续下去。4. 【答案】A【解析 】考查时态。 remain 在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现 在时。 选 A 项。5.【答案】C【解析】考查时态。 since 引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以 选C 项。6. 【答案】 B【解析 】考查动词的时态。从 For
44、 many years 可知，此 处谓语动词用完成时态；排除 C 项和 D 项；又因后一句用的是现在时态，故排除 A 项。据此答案 应该选 B 项“现在完成时态”。7. 【答案】D【解析】本题考查条件句的时态。根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这 是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择 will be eating 表将来。8. 【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意为：“像剪纸这样的天津传统民间艺术正在 2010 年上海世博会文化展上进行展览。 ”根据句意可知是现在进行时含义，剧中主语时 traditional folk arts，是复数形式，谓语动
45、词采用复数形式，主语又表示“物”，具有被动含义，所以选择 C。9. 【答案 】 B【解析 】考察动词时态 。句意为：“我们四个小时一直做这个项目。 让我们休息一下吧”，句中出现for four hours 这个时间状语，可以判断出使用现在完成时，根据句意又可知动作在持续进行当中，所以用现在完成进行时，故选 B。10. 【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态 。句中 you 与 expect 存在被动关系，首先排除 C。又有 have failed 提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过 去时，正确答案 为 D。11. 【答案】D【解析 】考查时态。在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来 时，用 现在完成时
46、表将来完成时，此处为 until 引导的时间状语从句。故用现在完成时，选 D。意为：“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。 ”12. 【答案 】C【解析 】考查动词的语态 。语意：(公司) 建议员工在一周内 续签合同。根据 语意，The employees 与advise 为动宾关系，所以应该用被动结构，故选 C 项。13. 【答案】B 【解析】动词的时态。根据句中时间状语 in the past two weeks 可以推断出应该用现在完成时，表示动作的持续，故选 B 项。14. 【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。从时间状语 at present 可判断出用现在时， “ma
47、ny a+单数可数名词”虽然表示复数意思，但要用单数谓语 。15. 【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：我得去看医生，因 为我最近一直咳嗽得很 厉害。late1y 表示“ 最近”，与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，因此答案选 A，此 处表示在说话之前一直持 续的动作。16. 【答案】 D【解析】考查动词时态的用法。句意 应为“ 截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。 ”up to now 是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。17. 【答案】 B【解析】B 考查动词的时态。根据语意可知：通常由我来 为家人做饭，但是因为最近很忙，所以我没有时间做。第一句是 陈述
