1、动 名 词 用 法,1.动名词形式,2.动名词的用法： 1）作主语 Doing + v. + no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no + doing. = It is impossible to do,Subject,V-ing 形式作主语 往往表示抽象、笼 统的动作或泛指某动作或行为。如： a.) Getting up early is a good habit. b.) Fishing is Toms favorite hobby. c.)
2、 Crying over spilt milk is no use. d.)Arguing with him is a waste of time,在句型It is +表示否定的形容词(-less)或名词(no good, no use)后，一般多用动名词作主语。E.g. Its useless studying English without practice.Its no use talking about it.Is it any good/ any use doing?,Collecting information is very important to business men.I
3、t is no use arguing with him.(形式主语） no use/goodIt is not any use/good +doing uselessIs it any use/ good + doing,动名词在“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词 + doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。(page 62)It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.写信给他不妥，他从来不回信。It is a waste of
4、 time trying to make him change his mind.让他改变想法简直是浪费时间。 Whats the point of leaving todays work for tomorrow? 把今天的工作留到明天做有什么意义啊。It is no use your complaining; the company wont do anything about it.抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。,e.g.Reading is important in learning English.Looking after the patients is a nurses job
5、.Its dangerous playing with fire.Its a waste of time copying others homework.Its no good getting up too late.There is no joking about the matter.,There is no joking about such matter对这样的事不可开玩笑。 There is no getting along with him简直无法与他相处。There is no holding back the wheels of history= It is impossibl
6、e to hold back lthe wheels of history,动名词作S和不定式作S有何区别,Swimming is my hobby.To swim is what I want to do now.,2）作宾语: S. + vt.+ doing 避免错过 (少) 延期 avoid miss delay / postpone建议完成 (多) 练习 suggest / advise finish practise喜欢想象 禁不住 enjoy/appreciate imagine resist/cant help承认 否定 (与) 嫉妒 admit deny envy逃脱 冒险 (
7、莫) 原谅 escape risk pardon / excuse忍受 保持 (不) 在意 stand keep / keep on mind,We do not permit smoking in the office我们不允许在办公室吸烟。In fighting the fire，he risked being burnt to death在救火中，他冒着被烧死的危险She denied having stolen anything她否认偷过任何东西。 I suggest doing it in a different way我建议换一个方法做这件事。,2) V-ing形式作宾语 a.)
8、She sat there without speaking. b.) David is interested in driving.c.) Do you mind turning on the TV? d.)Betty enjoys listening to pop music.,A popular film star needs a cap.AdvisePractise object (to) prevent understand look forward to allow resistFinish insist on / imagine lead to mind / missSugges
9、t think of avoid riskNo use escape enjoy delay stick toAdmitConsider appreciate permit,妹妹 不吃 咖啡(meimei/pasc/karfi)mind, enjoy/envy, imagine miss, escape, involve practise,admit suggest, consider, keep (on), avoid, risk finish, insist on,作介词/短语动词的宾语: S. + v. + prep. + doing look forward to be used to
10、 object to be opposed to pay attention to put off give up S. + keep on + doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy,e.g.She sat there without speaking.I look forward to seeing him again.Are you used to living there alone?When my father heard the news, he couldnt help laughing.I dont feel like goin
11、g to see the film.He was busy preparing his lessons.,主动表被动: want (需要) need (需要) require (需要) deserve Sth. + stand (经受) + doing bear (忍受) be + past (超过) be worth (值得) be + in need of(需要),e.g. The room wants cleaning/ to be cleaned. The method needs improvingto be improved. This pair of shoes is past
12、mending. The problem is in need of working out. The question is well worth discussing.,C.f. need Sth. + require 还可以 + to be done want 但 be worth ( + while) 只能 + doing # Sth. + be worthy of + n. / being done Sth. + be worthy + to do / to be doneThe question is worthy of being discussed. to be discuss
13、ed.,e.g. The house needs repairing. The house needs to be repaired. The book is worth reading. The book is worthy of being read. The book is worthy to be read.,在demand , deserve, nee, require, want 等动词后面，动名词主动形式表示被动的意思。 My shirt requires ironing.The matter demands looking into. These language points
14、 deserve mentioning.Your hair needs cutting.,3）作表语: S. + be + doing e.g. His hobby is collecting stamps. My greatest happiness is serving the people. My task this afternoon is to clean the room. My plan is to help him in my free time.,3) V-ing形式作表语 (放在系动词之后,泛指某种动作或行为,常用来说明主语的身份、内容或特点。)如：a.) My job i
15、s testing all kinds of software.b.) The purpose of my letter is to advise you to do more sports.c.) His greatest happiness is serving the people.d.) Seeing is believing.,4）作定语: S. + v. + doing + n. e.g. Does he work in the reading-room? Our teacher uses a very good teaching method. His grandfather h
16、as a bamboo walking stick.,作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 游泳池A swimming boy = a boy who is swimmingA waiting room= a room for waitingA waiting car= a car which is waiting,3. 动名词复合结构：,1).物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 在句中作主语: e.g. Marys coming late
17、made her teacher angry. His having won the first prize made his mother happy. Do you mind my/me smoking? 2).人称代词宾格 / 名词 + 动名词 在句中作宾语: e.g. Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot.,动名词的复合结构,动名词的复合结构就是前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构。 有时为了明确动名词所表示的动作的执行者，可以在动名词之前加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，来表示动名词
18、逻辑上的主语。有时也可以用人称代词宾格或名词普通格，不过，这主要用于口语中。如： She wont hear of our leaving the village.Do you object to Li Pings joining the physics,动名词的完成形式与被动形式,动名词的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作）或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作，如：They are all interested in climbing mountains.He took a great delight in helping others. 如果要表示动名词代
19、表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，如：He didnt mention meeting/having met me.I regret not taking/not having taken her advice.I dont remember promising/having ever promised you that., 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，如：This question is far from (being) settled.He did it without being asked.They insi
20、sted on being treated as ordinary workers.He didnt mind being left at home.They couldnt stand being treated like that.注：如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式，如： I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.,2、有些动词后既可跟动名词也可跟 不定式，意义上没多大区别。如：like，start， begin， continue，He likes to p
21、lay basketball while I enjoy listening to music。3、有些动词跟动名词与跟不定式意义不同。,动名词的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的对象时，要使用被动式。I cant go without being invited. 不邀请我我是不会去的 (The computers being put to use has greatly raised work efficiency.分词)正在使用中的计算机极大地提高了工作效率， He couldnt stand being made fun of. They never complained of being g
22、iven too much work.承担很多工作他们从来不抱怨。 I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。,Exercises1.She didnt remember _ him before. (MET88) A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met 2.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (M
23、ET89) A. to do B. doing C. With D. to be doing,3.-What do you think of the book ? (MET89) -Oh, excellent. Its worth _a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being4. I can hardly imagine Peters _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (MET91) A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sa
24、iled,5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off. (NMET92) A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing6.-I usually go there by train. -Why not _by boat for a change? (MET92) A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going,7.I would appreciate _back this af
25、ternoon. (MET92) A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling8._is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (NMET92) A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk,9.How about the two of us _a walk down the garden? (MET93) A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking10.-I must apolo
26、gize for _ahead of time. -Thats all right. (NMET94) A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know,11.-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _that. (NMET95) A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
27、12.My younger sister suggested _ the Summer Palace first. A. me to visit B. mine visiting C. I visiting D. my visiting,13.Missing the last bus means _ home. A. to walk B. walking C. walked D. walk,14.My sister likes _ but she doesnt like _ this afternoon. A. swimming . to swim B. to swim . swimming
28、C. swimming . to swimming D. swim . Swimming15.I would appreciate _ it a secret. A. that you would keep B. you to keep C. that you are keeping D. you keeping,16. Im looking forward to _your reply soon. A. receive B. receiving C. accepting D. get17. The classroom is so dirty that it needs _badly. A.
29、clean B. to clean C. being cleaned D. cleaning,18. No one likes _ in public. A. to laugh at B. laughing at C. being laughed at D. to be laughed19. The manager is considering _another secretary. A. to hire B. hiring C. to take on D. to employ,21. The student entered the office without _. A. being ask
30、ed B. asking C. ask D. to be asked22. Our teacher suggested _the exhibition once again. A. us to visit B. our visiting C. to visit D. our to visit,23. _is forbidden here. Who allowed _ here. A. Smoke; you to smoke B. To smoke; you smoke C. smoking; your smoking D. Smoking; you to smoke24. Its no use
31、 _me believe you. A. trying making B. trying to make C. trying to force D. to try to make,25. No difficulty can discourage us _. A. to succeed B. succeeded C. from succeeding D. succeed26. We were lucky that we just escaped _the rain. A. being caught in B. to be caught in C. catching D. to catch,27.
32、 Dont forget _ the book to the library when you finish _ it. A. to return; reading B. to give back; to read C. returning; reading D. returning; to read28. Has the driver been used to _ in all kinds of weather?A. drive B. drove C. driving D. be driving,29. _made us much disappointed. A. Her not coming back B. Her not to come back C. Not her returning D. Not her being back,30._,I usually go to Shanghai by train.,_ Why not _there by boat for a change?A.to try to go B.try goingC.to try going D.try to go,Keys to the exercises:1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.c,Thank you！,
