1、苯-甲苯筛板精馏塔的设计鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 1 娣?闃?宸?瀛?闄?璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 浣滀綔浣滀綔 鑰呰呰呰? 瀛 瀛 鍙峰彿鍙峰彿锛氾細锛氾細 绯荤郴绯荤郴 (闄櫌闄櫌): 涓撲笓涓撲笓 涓氫笟涓氫笟: 棰橀 棰橀 鐩 洰鐩 洰: 鑻?鐢茶嫰绛涙澘绮鹃 濉旂殑璁捐 鎸囧 鑰呮寚瀵艰呮寚瀵艰呮寚瀵艰咃細锛氾細锛? 2010 骞?6 鏈? 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 2 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔腑鏂囨憳瑕佸寲宸師鐞嗚 绋嬭 璁 鏄庝功涓 枃鎽樿 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐璇存槑涔腑鏂囨憳瑕佸寲宸師鐞嗚 绋嬭 璁 鏄庝功涓枃鎽樿 绮鹃 鏄 埄鐢贩鍚堟恫涓 粍鍒嗘尌鍙戝害鐨勫
2、樊寮傦紝瀹炵幇缁勫垎楂樼函搴垎绂荤殑澶氱骇钂搁 鎿嶄綔锛屽嵆鍚屾椂瀹炵幇澶氭 閮垎姹藉寲鍜岄儴鍒嗗喎鍑濈殑杩囩銆傚疄鐜扮簿棣忔搷浣滅殑涓讳綋璁惧 鏄 簿棣忓 銆?濉旇 澶囨槸鑳藉 瀹炵幇钂搁 鐨勬皵娑蹭紶璐 澶囷紝骞挎硾搴旂敤浜庡寲宸佺煶娌瑰寲宸佺煶娌圭瓑宸笟涓 紝鍏剁粨鏋勫舰寮忓熀鏈 笂鍙 互鍒嗕负鏉垮紡濉斿拰濉 枡濉斾袱澶 被銆?鎴戝浗鐭虫补宸笟鍏锋湁涓瀹氱殑姘村钩锛屼絾杩樻槸涓涓彂灞曚腑鐨勫浗瀹?鎽嗗湪鎴戜滑鐭虫补宸綔鑰呴潰鍓嶇殑浠诲姟鏄 箒閲嶇殑銆傚洜姝繀椤诲潥鎸佺嫭绔嬭嚜涓汇佽嚜鍔涙洿鐢燂紝闈柊鎸栨綔锛屽叏闈彁楂橈紝缁煎悎鍒敤锛屽鎼炲寲宸師鏂欙紝璧惰秴涓栫晫鍏堣繘姘村钩銆? 鍏抽敭璇
3、嶅叧閿瘝鍏抽敭璇嶅叧閿 瘝 锛氾細锛氾細绮鹃 濉? 濉旀澘 鑻 旂敳鑻? 濉旀澘璐熻嵎 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 3 娣 樊娣 樊 闃撮槾闃撮槾 宸伐宸伐 瀛 瀛 闄櫌闄櫌 鍖? 宸? 鍘? 鐞? 璇? 绋? 璁? 璁? 浠? 鍔? 涔? 涓撲笟锛?鍖栧 宸涓庡伐鑹? 鐝 骇锛? 濮撳悕锛? 瀛彿锛? 璁捐 鏃湡锛?2010 骞? 6 鏈? 21 鏃? 鑷? 2010 骞? 7 鏈? 2 鏃?璁捐 棰樼洰锛氳嫰-鐢茶嫰绛涙澘绮鹃 濉旂殑璁捐 璁捐 鏉欢锛?杩涙枡閲?F = 160 kmol/h 杩涙枡缁勬垚 Fx = 0.55 锛堟懇灏斿垎鐜囷級 杩涙枡娓害 tF = 娉偣娓害 浜 搧
4、瑕佹眰 Dx = 96% 鍥炴敹鐜?畏 = 94% 璁捐 鍐呭: 1 銆佺簿棣忓 鐨勭墿鏂欒 绠楋紱 2 銆佸 鏉挎暟銆佸帇闄嶇殑璁畻锛?3 銆佺簿棣忓 鐨勫伐鑹烘潯浠跺強鏈夊叧鐗 暟鎹 殑璁畻锛?4 銆佺簿棣忓 鐨勭浉鍏冲伐鑹哄昂瀵歌 绠楋紱 5 銆佺粯鍒剁簿棣忓 璁捐 鏉欢鍥俱? 鎸囧 鏁欏笀锛?娑? 2010 骞? 6 鏈? 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 4 鐩? 褰?1. 寮曡路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 1.1 濉旇 澶囩殑鍒嗙被路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路
5、路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 1.2 濉旇 澶囧湪鍖栧伐鐢熶骇涓 殑浣滅敤鍜屽湴浣?路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 1.3 璁捐 鏉欢路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 1.4 闂 鐮旂 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 2. 鏉垮紡濉旂殑璁捐 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 2 锛? 宸笟鐢熶骇瀵瑰 鏉跨殑瑕佹眰路
6、路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 6 2.2 璁捐 鏂规 鐨勭瀹?路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 7 2.2.2 鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勯夋嫨 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 7 2.2.3 杩涙枡鐑 姸鍐电殑閫夋嫨 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 7 2.2.4 鍔犵儹鏂瑰紡鐨勯夋嫨 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路
7、路路路 7 2.2.5 鍥炴祦姣旂殑閫夋嫨 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 7 3 宸壓娴佺鍥?路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 7 4. 宸壓璁畻鍙婁富浣撹 澶囩殑璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 8 4.1 绮鹃 濉旂殑鐗枡琛畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 8 4.1.1 鍘熸枡娑插強濉旈銆佸 搴曚骇鍝佺殑鎽皵鍒嗙巼路路路路路路路路路路路
8、路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 8 4.1.2 鍘熸枡娑插強濉旈銆佸 搴曚骇鍝佺殑骞冲潎鎽皵璐噺路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 8 4.1. 3 鐗枡琛畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 8 4.2 濉旀澘鏁扮殑纭 畾 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 9 4.2.1 鐞嗚 鏉垮眰鏁癗 T 鐨勬眰鍙柭仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿? 4.2.2 瀹為檯鏉垮眰鏁扮殑姹傝 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路
9、路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 9 4.3 绮鹃 濉旂殑宸壓鏉欢鍙婃湁鍏崇墿鎬 暟鎹 绠?路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 9 4.3.1 鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勮 绠椔仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?0 4.3.2 鎿嶄綔娓害璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 11 4.3.3 骞宠 鎽皵璐噺鐨勮 绠椔仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?1 4.3.4 骞冲潎瀵嗗害鐨勮 绠椔仿仿仿仿
10、仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?12 4.3.5 娑蹭綋骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 13 4.3.6 娑蹭綋骞冲潎绮樺害璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 13 4.4 绮鹃 濉旂殑濉斾綋宸壓灏哄 璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 14 4.4.1 濉斿緞璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 14 4
11、.4.2 绮鹃 濉旀湁鏁堥珮搴殑璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 15 4.5. 濉旀澘涓昏 宸壓灏哄 鐨勮 绠椔仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?5 4.5.1 婧祦瑁呯疆璁畻路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 15 4.5.2 濉旀澘甯冪疆路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 16 4.6. 绛涙澘鐨勬祦浣撳姏瀛獙绠椔仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿
12、仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?7 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 54.6.1 濉旀澘鍘嬮檷路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 17 4.6.2 娑查潰钀藉樊路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 18 4.6.3 娑叉搏澶瑰甫路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 18 4.6.4 婕忔恫路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路
13、路路路路 19 4.6.5 娑叉硾路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 19 4.7 濉旀澘璐熻嵎鎬 兘鍥韭仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?9 4.7.1 婕忔恫绾柯仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?0 4.7.2 娑叉搏澶瑰甫路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 20 4.7.3 娑茬浉璐熻嵎涓嬮檺绾柯仿仿仿仿仿仿
14、仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?1 4.7.4 娑茬浉璐熻嵎涓婇檺绾柯仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?1 4.7.5 娑叉硾绾柯仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?2 5. 杈呭姪璁惧 鐨勮崏鍥惧強閫夊瀷 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路 24 5.1 鍥炴祦鍐峰嚌鍣? 路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路
15、 24 5.2 鍐嶆哺鍣?路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路路25 缁撴潫璇 仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?7 鍙傝冩枃鐚 仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿仿?7 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 6 寮曡寮曡寮曡寮曡 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 濉旇 澶囩殑鍒嗙被濉旇 澶囩殑鍒嗙被濉旇 澶囩殑鍒嗙被濉旇 澶囩殑鍒嗙被 濉旇 澶囨槸鑳藉 瀹炵幇钂搁
16、鐨勬皵娑蹭紶璐 澶囷紝骞挎硾搴旂敤浜庡寲宸佺煶娌瑰寲宸佺煶娌圭瓑宸笟涓 紝鍏剁粨鏋勫舰寮忓熀鏈 笂鍙 互鍒嗕负鏉垮紡濉斿拰濉枡濉斾袱澶 被銆?鏉垮紡濉斿唴璁剧疆涓瀹氭暟閲忕殑濉旀澘锛屾皵浣撲互榧撴场鎴栧柗灏勭殑鏂瑰紡绌胯繃鏉夸笂鐨勬恫灞傦紝杩涜 浼犺川浜庝紶鐑 傚湪姝父鎿嶄綔涓嬶紝姘旂浉涓哄垎鏁浉锛屾恫鐩镐负杩炵画鐩革紝姘旂浉缁勬垚鍛堥樁姊 彉鍖栵紝灞炰簬閫愮骇鎺 閫嗘祦鎿嶄綔杩囩銆?濉 枡濉斿唴瑁呮湁涓瀹氶珮搴殑濉 枡灞傦紝娑蹭綋鑷 椤舵部濉 枡琛潰涓嬫祦锛屾皵浣撻嗘祦鍚戜笂(鏈夋椂涔熼噰鐢苟娴佸悜涓?娴佸姩锛屾皵浣撲袱鐩稿瘑鍒囨帴瑙繘琛屼紶鐑 笌浼犺川銆傚湪姝父鎿嶄綔杩囩涓 紝姘旂浉涓鸿繛
17、缁 浉锛屾恫鐩镐负鍒嗘暎鐩革紝姘旂浉缁勬垚鍛堣繛缁 彉鍖栵紝灞炰簬寰 垎鎺 閫嗘祦鎿嶄綔杩囩銆? 1.21.21.21.2 濉旇 澶囧湪鍖栧伐鐢熶骇涓 殑浣滅敤鍜屽湴浣嶅 璁惧 鍦寲宸敓浜 腑鐨勪綔鐢拰鍦颁綅濉旇 澶囧湪鍖栧伐鐢熶骇涓 殑浣滅敤鍜屽湴浣嶅 璁惧 鍦寲宸敓浜 腑鐨勪綔鐢拰鍦颁綅 绮鹃 杩囩鐨勫疄璐槸鍒敤娣峰悎鐗腑鍚勭粍鍒嗗叿鏈変笉鍚岀殑鎸彂搴傚嵆鍦悓涓娓害涓嬶紝鍚勭粍鍒嗙殑楗卞拰钂告苯鍘嬩笉鍚岃繖涓鎬 川锛屼娇娑茬浉涓 殑杞荤粍鍒嗚浆绉诲埌姹界浉涓 紝姹界浉涓 殑閲嶇粍鍒嗚浆绉诲埌娑茬浉涓 紝浠庤岃揪鍒板垎绂荤殑鐩 殑銆傚洜姝簿棣忓 鎿嶄綔寮规殑濂藉潖鐩存帴鍏崇郴鍒扮煶娌瑰寲宸紒
18、涓氱殑缁忔祹鏁堢泭銆傚湪鍖栧伐鐢熶骇涓 紝濉旇 澶囩殑鎬 兘瀵逛簬鏁翠釜瑁呯疆鐨勪骇鍝佷骇閲忋佽川閲忋佺敓浜 兘鍔涘拰娑堣楀畾棰濓紝浠強涓夊簾澶勭悊鍜岀幆澧冧繚鎶瓑鍚勪釜鏂归潰锛岄兘鏈夐潪甯搁噸澶 殑褰卞搷銆?1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 璁捐 鏉欢璁捐 鏉欢璁捐 鏉欢璁捐 鏉欢 杩涙枡閲忔瘡灏忔椂 160鍗冩懇灏旓紝鍘熸枡涓 惈鑻?5%锛堟懇灏斿垎鐜囷級锛屼互娌哥偣鐘舵侀佸叆濉斿唴銆傝 姹傚 椤堕 鍑虹墿鍚 嫰 96%锛堟懇灏斿垎鐜囷級锛屽 閲滄畫娑蹭腑鍚 嫰涓嶅浜?%锛屾搷浣滃洖娴佹瘮鍙栨渶灏忓洖娴佹瘮鐨?.5 鍊嶃?1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 闂 鐮旂闂 鐮旂闂 鐮旂闂 鐮旂 鏈
19、璁槸閽堝 鑻 旂敳鑻 殑鍒嗙 鑰屼笓闂 璁殑濉旇 澶囥傛牴鎹 璁潯浠朵互鍙婄粰鍑虹殑鏁版嵁鎻忚堪鍑哄 娓害鐨勫垎甯冿紝姹傚緱鏈灏忓洖娴佹瘮浠強濉旈鐨勭浉瀵规尌鍙戝害銆佸 閲滅殑鐩稿 鎸彂搴佸叏濉斿钩鍧囩浉瀵规尌鍙戝害锛屽張鏍规嵁鐗枡骞宠 鍏 紡鍒嗗埆璁畻鍑虹簿棣忔 鍜屾彁棣忔 鐨勬苯銆佹恫涓浉鐨勬祦閲忋備箣鍚庯紝璁畻濉旀澘鏁般佸 寰勭瓑銆傛牴鎹 繖浜涜 绠楃粨鏋滆繘琛屼簡濉旀澘缁撴瀯鐨勮 璁瓑銆傝 绠楀拰璁捐 杩欎簺涔嬪悗杩涜 浜嗘湁鍏崇殑鍔涘 鎬 兘璁畻鍜屼竴绯诲垪鐨勬牎鏍搞?2222 锛庯紟锛庯紟鏉垮紡濉旂殑璁捐 鏉垮紡濉旂殑璁捐 鏉垮紡濉旂殑璁捐 鏉垮紡濉旂殑璁捐 2.1 2.1 2.1
20、 2.1 宸笟鐢熶骇瀵瑰 鏉跨殑瑕佸伐涓氱敓浜 濉旀澘鐨勮 宸笟鐢熶骇瀵瑰 鏉跨殑瑕佸伐涓氱敓浜 濉旀澘鐨勮 姹傛眰姹傛眰锛? 鈶犻氳繃鑳藉姏瑕佸锛屽嵆鍗曚綅濉旀埅闈兘澶勭悊鐨勬皵娑叉祦閲忓銆? 鈶 鏉挎晥鐜囪 楂樸? 鈶 鏉垮帇鍔涢檷瑕佷綆銆? 鈶搷浣滃脊鎬 澶 ? 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 7 鈶粨鏋勭畝鍗曪紝鏄撲簬鍒堕犮傚湪杩欎簺瑕佹眰涓 紝瀵逛簬瑕佹眰浜 搧绾 害楂樼殑鍒嗙 鎿嶄綔锛岄 鍏堝簲鑰冭檻楂樻晥鐜囷紱瀵逛簬澶勭悊閲忓鐨勪竴鑸 垎绂伙紙濡傚師娌硅捀棣忕瓑锛夛紝涓昏 鏄 冭檻閫氳繃鑳藉姏澶?2222 锛庯紟锛庯紟 2222 璁捐 鏂规 鐨勭瀹氳 璁柟妗堢殑纭 畾璁捐 鏂规
21、 鐨勭瀹氳 璁柟妗堢殑纭 畾 2222 锛庯紟锛庯紟 2.12.12.12.1 瑁呯疆娴佺鐨勭瀹氳 缃祦绋嬬殑纭 畾瑁呯疆娴佺鐨勭瀹氳 缃 祦绋嬬殑纭 畾 绮鹃 瑁呯疆鍖呮嫭绮鹃 濉旓紝鍘熸枡棰勭儹鍣 紝鍐嶆哺鍣紝鍐峰嚌鍣 紝閲滄恫鍐峰嵈鍣拰浜 搧鍐峰嵈鍣瓑璁惧 銆傝捀棣忚繃绋嬫寜鎿嶄綔鏂瑰紡涓嶅悓锛屽彲鍒嗕负杩炵画绮鹃鍜岄棿姝囩簿棣忎袱绉嶆祦绋嬨?鍦湰娆殑璁捐 涓 紝鏄负鍒嗙 鑻 旂敳鑻 贩鍚堢墿銆傚 浜庝簩鍏冩贩鍚堢墿鐨勫垎绂伙紝搴旇 閲囩敤杩炵画绮鹃 娴佺銆?2.2.22.2.22.2.22.2.2鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勯夋嫨鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勯夋嫨鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勯夋嫨鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勯夋嫨 钂搁 杩
22、囩鎸夋搷浣滃帇鍔涗笉鍚岋紝鍙 垎涓哄父鍘嬭捀棣忥紝鍑忓帇钂搁 鍜屽姞鍘嬭捀棣忋備竴鑸 櫎鐑 晱鎬 墿绯诲 锛屽嚒閫氳繃甯稿帇 鍒嗙 瑕佹眰锛屽苟鑳界敤姹熸渤姘存垨寰 幆姘村皢棣忓嚭鐗喎鍑濅笅鏉殑鐗郴锛岄兘搴旈噰鐢?甯稿帇绮鹃 銆? 鏍规嵁鏈 浠诲姟鐨勭敓浜 姹傦紝搴旈噰鐢父鍘嬬簿棣忔搷浣溿?2.22.22.22.2 锛庯紟锛庯紟 3333 杩涙枡鐑 姸鍐电殑閫夋嫨杩涙枡鐑 姸鍐电殑閫夋嫨杩涙枡鐑 姸鍐电殑閫夋嫨杩涙枡鐑 姸鍐电殑閫夋嫨 钂搁 鎿嶄綔鏈変簲绉嶈繘鏂欑儹鐘跺喌锛屽畠鐨勪笉鍚屽皢褰卞搷濉斿唴鍚勫眰濉旀澘鐨勬苯銆佹恫鐩歌礋鑽枫傚伐涓氫笂澶氶噰鐢帴杩戞场鐐圭殑娑蹭綋杩涙枡鍜岄鍜屾恫浣撹繘
23、鏂欙紝閫氬父鐢嚋娈嬫恫棰勭儹鍘熸枡銆?鎵浠繖娆噰鐢殑鏄 场鐐硅繘鏂欍?2.2.42.2.42.2.42.2.4 鍔犵儹鏂瑰紡鐨勯夋嫨鍔犵儹鏂瑰紡鐨勯夋嫨鍔犵儹鏂瑰紡鐨勯夋嫨鍔犵儹鏂瑰紡鐨勯夋嫨 鐢变簬閲囩敤娉偣杩涙枡锛屽皢鍘熸枡娑插姞鐑 嚦娉偣鍚庨佸叆绮鹃 濉斿唴銆傚 椤朵笂鍗囪捀姹介噰鐢叏鍑濇皵鍐峰嚌锛屽喎鍑濇恫鍦场鐐逛笅涓閮垎鍥炴祦鑷冲 鍐咃紝鍏朵綑閮垎缁忎骇鍝佸喎鍗村悗閫佽嚦鍌綈銆?2.2.52.2.52.2.52.2.5 鍥炴祦姣旂殑閫夋嫨鍥炴祦姣旂殑閫夋嫨鍥炴祦姣旂殑閫夋嫨鍥炴祦姣旂殑閫夋嫨 鍥炴祦姣旀槸绮鹃 鎿嶄綔鐨勯噸瑕佸伐鑹烘潯浠讹紝鍏堕夋嫨鐨勫師鍒欐槸浣胯 澶囪垂鐢拰鎿嶄綔璐
24、圭敤涔嬪拰鏈浣庛? 鑻 旂敳鑻 贩鍚堟恫鏄 睘鏄撳垎绂荤墿绯伙紝鏈灏忓洖娴佹瘮杈冨皬锛屾晠鎿嶄綔鍥炴祦姣斿彇鏈灏忓洖娴佹瘮鐨?.0 鍊嶃傚 閲滈噰鐢棿鎺捀姹藉姞鐑 紝濉旈浜 搧缁忓喎鍗村悗閫佽嚦鍌綈銆?3333 宸壓娴佺鍥惧伐鑹烘祦绋嬪浘宸壓娴佺鍥惧伐鑹烘祦绋嬪浘 鏉垮紡濉斾富瑕佺敱绛掍綋銆佸皝澶淬佸 鍐呮瀯浠讹紙鍖呮嫭濉旀澘銆侀檷娑茬 鍜屽彈娑茬洏锛夈佷汉瀛斻佽繘鍑哄彛绠拰缇骇绛夌粍鎴愩?鎸夌収濉斿唴姘斻佹恫娴佸姩鐨勬柟寮忥紝鍙 皢濉旀澘鍒嗕负閿欐祦涓庨嗘祦濉旀澘涓被銆傚伐涓氬簲鐢互閿欐祦寮忓 鏉夸负涓伙紝甯哥敤鐨勭敱娉僵濉斻佺瓫鏉垮 銆佹诞闃濉旂瓑銆?鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 8
25、姝 璁捐 鎸夌収瑕佹眰閫夌敤绛涙澘濉旀潵鍒嗙 鑻?鐢茶嫰绯汇? 4444 锛庯紟锛庯紟宸壓璁畻鍙婁富浣撹 澶囩殑璁畻宸壓璁畻鍙婁富浣撹 澶囩殑璁畻宸壓璁畻鍙婁富浣撹 澶囩殑璁畻宸壓璁畻鍙婁富浣撹 澶囩殑璁畻 4.4.4.4.1111 绮鹃 濉旂殑鐗枡琛畻绮鹃 濉旂殑鐗枡琛畻绮鹃 濉旂殑鐗枡琛畻绮鹃 濉旂殑鐗枡琛畻 鑻 殑鎽皵璐噺=78.11 kg/kmol 鐢茶嫰鐨勬懇灏旇川閲?93.13 kg/kmol 鍘熸枡澶勭悊閲廎=160 kmol/h 杩涙枡鑻 殑鎽皵鍒嗙巼 Fx=0.55 濉旈鑻 殑鎽皵鍒嗙巼 Dx=0.96 濉旈鏄撴尌鍙戠粍鍒嗙殑鍥炴敹鐜囄?94% 鎬荤墿鏂欒 绠楋細 F = D
26、 + W 鏄撴尌鍙戯紙鑻 級缁勫垎琛畻锛?WFDWFxDxx 脳=脳+脳 濉旈鏄撴尌鍙戠粍鍒嗭紙鑻 級鐨勫洖鏀剁巼锛?鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 9 畏= DD100%FFxx 脳脳脳 鑱旂珛瑙緱 94%1600.55/86.2/0.96FDFxDmolhmolhx 畏脳脳脳脳= 16086.273.8/WFDmolh=鈭?鈭? 1600.5586.20.960.07173.8FDWFxDxxW 脳鈭捗椕椻垝脳= 4.24.24.24.2 濉旀澘鏁扮殑纭 畾濉旀澘鏁扮殑纭 畾濉旀澘鏁扮殑纭 畾濉旀澘鏁扮殑纭 畾 4.2.14.2.14.2.14.2.1 鐞嗚 鏉垮眰鏁扮悊璁烘澘灞傛暟鐞嗚
27、 鏉垮眰鏁扮悊璁烘澘灞傛暟 TN鐨勬眰鍙栫殑姹傚彇鐨勬眰鍙栫殑姹傚彇 鑻?-鐢茶嫰灞炵悊鎯崇墿绯伙紝鍙 噰鐢浘瑙硶姹傜悊璁烘澘灞傛暟銆? 鈶犵敱鎵嬪唽鏌緱鑻?-鐢茶嫰鐗郴鐨勬皵娑插钩琛暟鎹 紝缁樺嚭 x-y 鍥撅紝瑙佸浘 1 銆? 鈶眰鏈灏忓洖娴佹瘮鍙婃搷浣滃洖娴佹瘮 閲囩敤浣滃浘娉曟眰鏈灏忓洖娴佹瘮銆傚湪鍥?涓 瑙掔嚎涓婏紝鑷 偣 e 锛?.55 锛?.55 锛変綔鍨傜嚎 ef 鍗充负杩涙枡绾?q 绾?锛岃 绾夸笌骞宠 绾跨殑浜偣鍧愭爣涓? qy= 0.75 qx= 0.55 鏁呮渶灏忓洖娴佹瘮涓? Rmin=0.960.751.050.750.55Dqqqxyyx 鈭掆垝=鈭掆垝 鍙栨搷浣
28、滃洖娴佹瘮涓? R=2=21.05=2.1 鈶眰绮鹃 濉旂殑姘斻佹恫鐩歌礋鑽?2.186.2181.02/LRDmolh=脳= (1)(2.11)86.2267.22/VRDmolh=+=+脳= 181.02160341.02/LLFmolh=+=+= 267.22/VVmolh= 鈶眰鎿嶄綔绾挎柟绋?绮鹃 娈垫搷浣滅嚎鏂圭 181.0286.20.960.6770.310267.22267.22DLDyxxxxVV=+=+脳=+ 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 10 鎻愮暀娈垫搷浣滅嚎鏂圭 341.0273.80.0711.2760.0196267.22267.22WLWyxxxxVV=鈭
29、?鈭捗?鈭?鈶浘瑙硶姹傜悊璁哄 鏉挎暟 閲囩敤鍥捐 娉曟眰鐞嗚 濉旀澘鏁帮紝濡傚浘 1 鎵绀恒傛眰瑙粨鏋滀负锛?鎬荤悊璁烘澘灞傛暟 NT = 10.5(鍖呮嫭鍐嶆哺鍣? 杩涙枡鏉夸綅缃? NT = 5 鍥? 鍥捐 娉曟眰鐞嗚 鏉垮眰鏁?4.2.4.2.4.2.4.2.2222 瀹為檯鏉垮眰鏁扮殑姹傝 瀹為檯鏉垮眰鏁扮殑姹傝 瀹為檯鏉垮眰鏁扮殑姹傝 瀹為檯鏉垮眰鏁扮殑姹傝 绮鹃 娈靛疄闄呮澘灞傛暟 N 绮? 47.6980.52=鈮?鎻愮暀娈靛疄闄呮澘灞傛暟 N 鎻?6.512.5130.52=鈮?4.34.34.34.3 绮鹃濉旂殑宸壓鏉欢鍙婃湁鍏崇墿鎬 暟鎹 绠楃簿棣忓 鐨勫伐鑹烘潯浠跺強鏈
30、夊叧鐗 暟鎹 绠楃簿棣忓 鐨勫伐鑹烘潯浠跺強鏈夊叧鐗 暟鎹 绠楃簿棣忓 鐨勫伐鑹烘潯浠跺強鏈夊叧鐗 暟鎹 绠? 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 11 浠簿棣忔 涓轰緥杩涜 璁畻 4.3.14.3.14.3.14.3.1鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勮 绠楁搷浣滃帇鍔涚殑璁畻鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏鐨勮 绠楁搷浣滃帇鍔涚殑璁畻 璁惧 椤惰鍘? P 琛?= 4 kPa 濉旈鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏 PD = 101.3 + 4 =105.3 kPa 姣忓眰濉旀澘鍘嬮檷 螖 P = 0.7 kPa 杩涙枡鏉垮帇鍔? PF = 105.30.78110.9+脳= kPa 绮鹃 娈电殑骞冲潎鍘嬪姏 105.3110.9108.12mP+=
31、kPa 4.3.24.3.24.3.24.3.2 鎿嶄綔娓害璁畻鎿嶄綔娓害璁畻鎿嶄綔娓害璁畻鎿嶄綔娓害璁畻 渚濇嵁鎿嶄綔鍘嬪姏锛岀敱娉偣鏂圭閫氳繃璇曞樊娉曡 绠楀嚭娉偣娓害锛屽叾涓 嫰銆佺敳鑻 殑楗卞拰钂告皵鍘嬬敱 瀹夋墭灏兼柟绋嬭 绠楋紝璁畻杩囩鐣傝 绠楃粨鏋滃 涓嬶細 濉旈娓害 tD 锛?2.1 鈩? 杩涙枡鏉挎俯搴? tF=娉偣娓害 纭 畾鍦?10.9kPa 涓嬫憾娑茬殑娉偣闇閲囩敤璇曞樊娉曘傜粡杩囧嚑娆瘯宸 悗锛?寰楀埌娉偣 t = 92 鈩?杩涙枡鏉挎俯搴? tF = 92 鈩?绮鹃娈靛钩鍧囨俯搴? tm 锛濓紙 82.l 锛?2 锛?2 = 87.05 鈩?4.3.3 4.3.3
32、4.3.3 4.3.3 骞宠 鎽皵璐噺鐨勮 绠楀钩琛懇灏旇川閲忕殑璁畻骞宠 鎽皵璐噺鐨勮 绠楀钩琛懇灏旇川閲忕殑璁畻 濉旈骞冲潎鎽皵璐噺璁畻 鐢眡 D= y1= 0.96, 鏌钩琛洸绾匡紙瑙佸浘 1 锛夛紝寰? x1 = 0.889 MVDm = 0.96 脳 78.11 + (1-0.96) 92.13 = 78.67kg/kmol MLDm =0.889 脳 78.11 + (1-0.889) 92.13 = 79.67kg/kmol 杩涙枡鏉垮钩鍧囨懇灏旇川閲忚 绠? 鐢卞浘瑙悊璁烘澘(瑙佸浘 1)锛屽緱 yF = 0.702 鏌钩琛洸绾?锛堣 鍥?锛夛紝寰?鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑
33、涔? 12xF = 0.495 MVFm = 0.702 脳 78.11 + (1-0.702) 92.13 =82.29kg/kmol MLFm =0.495 脳 78.11 + (1-0.495) 92.13 = 85.19kg/kmol 绮鹃 娈靛钩鍧囨懇灏旇川閲?MVm = ( 78.67+82.29) /2 = 80.48kg/kmol MLm = (79.67 + 85.19) / 2 = 82.43kg/kmol 4.3.44.3.44.3.44.3.4 骞冲潎瀵嗗害鐨勮 绠楀钩鍧囧瘑搴殑璁畻骞冲潎瀵嗗害鐨勮 绠楀钩鍧囧瘑搴殑璁畻 鈶犳皵鐩稿钩鍧囧瘑搴 绠? 鐢辩悊鎯虫皵浣撶姸鎬
34、佹柟绋嬭 绠楋紝鍗? Vm 蟻=mVmmRTMP = 108.180.488.314(87.05273.15)脳脳+ = 2.91kg/m3 鈶恫鐩稿钩鍧囧瘑搴 绠? 娑茬浉骞冲潎瀵嗗害渚濅笅寮忚 绠楋紝鍗?1iiia 蟻蟻=鈭?濉旈娑茬浉骞冲潎瀵嗗害鐨勮 绠? 鐢眛 D 锛?2.1 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 蟻 = 812.7 kg/m3 B 蟻 = 807.9 kg/m3 LDm 蟻 = 1(0.96/812.70.04/807.9)+ =812.5kg/m3 杩涙枡鏉挎恫鐩稿钩鍧囧瘑搴殑璁畻 鐢眛 F 锛?2 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 蟻= 734.1kg/m3 B 蟻 = 734.3 kg/m
35、3 杩涙枡鏉挎恫鐩哥殑璐噺鍒嗙巼 aA=0.49578.110.49578.110.50592.13 脳脳+脳 = 0.454 1734.20.4540.546()734.1734.3LFm 蟻=+ 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 13 绮鹃 娈垫恫鐩稿钩鍧囧瘑搴负 Lm 蟻=锛?12.5+734.2 锛?2 = 773.35kg/m3 4.3.54.3.54.3.54.3.5 娑蹭綋骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏璁畻 娑茬浉骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏渚濅笅寮忚 绠楋紝鍗?Lmiix 蟽蟽=鈭?濉旈娑茬浉骞冲潎琛潰寮犲姏鐨勮 绠? 鐢眛
36、D 锛?2.1 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 蟽=21.24 mN/m B 蟽 =21.42 mN/m LDm 蟽= 0.96+脳24.210.04 脳 21.42 = 21.25mN/m 杩涙枡鏉挎恫鐩稿钩鍧囪闈紶鍔涚殑璁畻 鐢眛 F 锛?2 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 蟽=19.82mN/m B 蟽 =20.61mN/m 0.49519.820.50520.61=20.22mN/mLFm 蟽=脳+脳 绮鹃 娈垫恫鐩稿钩鍧囪闈紶鍔涗负 Lm 蟽=锛?1.25+20.22 锛?2 = 20.74mN/m 4.3.64.3.64.3.64.3.6 娑蹭綋骞冲潎绮樺害璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎绮樺害璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎绮樺害
37、璁畻娑蹭綋骞冲潎绮樺害璁畻 娑茬浉骞冲潎绮樺害渚濅笅寮忚 绠楋紝鍗?lglgLmiix 碌碌=鈭?濉旈娑茬浉骞冲潎绮樺害鐨勮 绠?鐢眛 D 锛?2.1 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 碌 =0.302 mPa 路 s B 碌 =0.306 mPa路 s lgLDm 碌= 0.96 脳 lg(0.302)+ (1-0.96)脳 lg(0.306) LDm 碌=0.302 mPa 路 s 杩涙枡鏉挎恫鐩稿钩鍧囩矘搴殑璁畻 鐢眛 F锛?2 鈩冿紝鏌墜鍐屽緱 A 碌 =0.276 mPa 路 s B 碌 =0.283 mPa 路 s 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 14lgLFm 碌= 0.495 脳 lg(
38、0.276)+ (1-0.495)脳 lg(0.283) LFm 碌=0.280 mPa 路 s 绮鹃 娈垫恫鐩稿钩鍧囪闈紶鍔涗负 Lm 碌 = 锛?.302 +0.280 锛?2 = 0.291mPa 鈥 4.44.44.44.4 绮鹃 濉旂殑濉斾綋宸壓灏哄 璁畻绮鹃 濉旂殑濉斾綋宸壓灏哄 璁畻绮鹃 濉旂殑濉斾綋宸壓灏哄 璁畻绮鹃 濉旂殑濉斾綋宸壓灏哄 璁畻 4.4.14.4.14.4.14.4.1 濉斿緞璁畻濉斿緞璁畻濉斿緞璁畻濉斿緞璁畻 绮鹃 娈电殑姘斻佹恫鐩镐綋绉 祦鐜囦负 Vs = VmvmVM 蟻 3600= 3267.2280.482.053/36002.91ms 脳=脳 Ls
39、= LmLmLM 蟻 3600 = 3181.0282.430.00536/3600773.35ms 脳=脳 鐢? umax = CVVL 蟻蟻蟻鈭? 寮忎腑 C 鐢卞紡 5-5 璁畻锛屽叾涓 殑鐢卞浘 5-1 鏌彇锛屽浘鐨勬 鍧愭爣涓?hhLV(2/1)VL 蟻蟻 = 0.0053636002.0533600 脳脳(1/2773.35)2.91 = 0.0426 鍙栨澘闂磋窛 HT=0.40m 锛屾澘涓婃恫灞傞珮搴L= 0.06m,鍒? HT- hL = 0.40-0.06 = 0.34m 鏌浘 5-1 寰楋紝 C20 = 0.075 C = C20(2.0)20L 蟽 = 0.075(0.
40、220.74)20 = 0.0755 u max = 0.0755773.352.912.91 鈭?= 1.228 m/s 鍙栧畨鍏郴鏁颁负 0.7锛屽垯绌哄 绯绘暟涓?u = 0.7 umax= 0.7 脳 1.228 = 0.860 D = uVs 蟺 4 =42.0531.7440.860m 蟺脳=脳 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 15 鎸夋爣鍑嗗 寰勫渾鏁村悗涓篋锛?.8 m 濉旀埅闈 涓? AT = 4 蟺 D2= 4 蟺脳 1.82=2.543 m2 瀹為檯绌哄 绯绘暟涓?u = 2.0530.807/2.543ms= 4.4.24.4.24.4.24.4.2 绮鹃 濉旀湁鏁堥
41、珮搴殑璁畻绮鹃 濉旀湁鏁堥珮搴殑璁畻绮鹃 濉旀湁鏁堥珮搴殑璁畻绮鹃 濉旀湁鏁堥珮搴殑璁畻 绮鹃 娈垫湁鏁堥珮搴负 Z 绮?= 锛圢绮?-1 锛塇 T = (8-1) 脳 0.4=2.8m 鎻愰 娈垫湁鏁堥珮搴负 Z 鎻?= 锛圢鎻?-1 锛塇 T=锛?3-1 锛壝?.4=4.8m 鍦繘鏂欐澘涓婃柟寮涓浜哄瓟锛屽叾楂樺害涓?.8m 鏁呯簿棣忓 鐨勬湁鏁堥珮搴负 Z= Z 绮? Z 鎻?0.8=2.8+4.8+0.8=8.4m 4.5.4.5.4.5.4.5.濉旀澘涓昏 宸壓灏哄 鐨勮 绠楀 鏉夸富瑕佸伐鑹哄昂瀵哥殑璁畻濉旀澘涓昏 宸壓灏哄 鐨勮 绠楀 鏉夸富瑕佸伐鑹哄昂瀵哥殑璁畻 4.5.14.
42、5.14.5.14.5.1 婧祦瑁呯疆璁畻婧祦瑁呯疆璁畻婧祦瑁呯疆璁畻婧祦瑁呯疆璁畻 鍥犲 寰凞锛?.8m锛屽彲閫夌敤鍗曟孩娴佸紦褰檷娑茬 锛岄噰鐢嚬褰彈娑茬洏銆傚悇椤硅 绠楀 涓嬶細 鈶犲牥闀縧 W 鍙? lW= 0.66D = 0.66 脳 1.8 = 1.19m 鈶孩娴佸牥楂樺害 hw 鐢? WLOWhhh=鈭?閫夌敤骞崇洿鍫帮紝鍫颁笂娑插眰楂樺害 hOW 鐢卞紡5-7 璁畻锛屽嵆 hOW =100084.2E(2/3)hWLl 杩戜技鍙朎锛?,鍒? hOW = 脳 100084.21 脳(2/30.005363600)1.19 脳 = 0.018m 鍙栨澘涓婃竻娑插眰楂樺害 Lh=0.
43、06m 鏁? WLOWhhh=鈭?0.06-0.018=0.042m 鍖栧伐鍘熺悊璇剧璁捐 璇存槑涔? 16 鈶紦褰檷娑茬 瀹藉害鍜屾埅闈 鐢? 0.66WlD= 鏌浘 5-7 锛屽緱 0.0722fTAA= 0.124dWD= Af=0.0722AT=0.0722脳 2.543=0.184m2 Wd=0.124D=0.124 脳 1.8=0.223m 渚濆紡 5-9 楠岀畻娑蹭綋鍦檷娑茬 涓 仠鐣欐椂闂达紝鍗? 胃= hTfLHA3600 = 36000.1840.400.005363600 脳脳=脳 13.73s 5s 鏁呴檷娑茬 璁捐 鍚堢悊銆?鈶檷娑茬 搴曢殭楂樺害 003600hWLhlu= 鍙? 0u=0.16m/s 000.0053636000.0282360036001.190.16hWLhmlu 脳=脳脳 0Whh鈭?0.042-0.0282=0.0138m 0.006m 鏁呴檷娑茬 搴曢殭楂樺害璁捐 鍚堢悊 閫夌敤鍑瑰舰鍙楁恫鐩橈紝娣卞害Wh=50mm 4.5.2濉旀澘甯冪疆 鈶犲 鏉跨殑鍒嗗潡 鍥燚鈮?00mm 锛屾晠濉旀澘閲囩敤鍒嗗潡寮忋傛煡琛?-3 寰楋紝濉旀瀬鍒嗕负 5 鍧椼? 杈圭紭鍖哄 搴瀹?鍙?
