1、 江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text。Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmarkA， B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)In our contemporary culture，the prospect of communicating with-or even lookingat-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around
2、us seems to agree by the waythey fiddle with their phones，even without a 1 undergroundIts a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other humanbeings-because theres 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you.But you wouldnt know it， 3 into your phone. This universal armor
3、sends the 4 ：“Please dont approach me.“What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fearrejection，or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as“creep,“We fear weII江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 be 7 We fear weII be disruptive
4、 Strangers are inherently 8 to us，so we are morelikely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends andacquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones.“Phones become our securityblanket，“Wortmann says.“They are our happyglasses that protect us from what we perceive is go
5、ing to be more 11 .“But once we rip off the bandaid，tuck our smartphones in our pockets and lookup，it doesnt 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment，behavioral scientists NicholasEpley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . Theyhad Chicago train commuters talk to their f
6、ellow 14 . “When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroederasked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talkingto a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they saton their own,“ the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didnt expecta positive
7、experience, after they 17 withthe experiment, “not a single person reported having been snubbed.“18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sanscommunication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 connections. Its that 20 : Talking
8、to strangers can make you feel connected.1. A ticket B permit Csignall D record2. A nothing B link Canother D much3. A beaten B guided Cplugged D brought4. A message B cede Cnotice D sign5. A under B beyond C behind D from6. A misinterprete B misapplied C misadjusted D mismatched7. A fired B judged
9、C replaced D delayed8. A unreasonable B ungreatful C unconventional D unfamiliar9. A comfortable B anxious C confident D angry10. A attend B point C take D turn11. A dangerous B mysterious C violent D boring江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 12. A hurt B resis C bend D decay13. A lecture B conversation C debate D negoti
10、ation14. A trainees B employees C researchers D passengers15. A reveal B choose C predictl D design16. A voyage B flight C walk D ride17. A went through B did away C caught up D put up18. A In turn B In particular CIn fact D In consequence19. A unless B since C if D whereas20. A funny B simple C Iog
11、ical D rare答案：1. signal 2. Much 3. plugged 4. message 5. behind江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 6. misinterpreted 7. judged 8. unfamiliar 9. anxious 10. turn11. dangerous 12. hurt 13. Conversation 14. passengers15. predict 16. ride 17. went through 18. in fact19. since 20. SimpleSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADire
12、ctions:Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually morestressed at home than at work. Researchers measured peoples cortntlol. Which isit at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and foundit higher at what is supposed to be a place of ref
13、uge.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 “Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as menhave lower levels of stress at work than at home,“ writes one of the researchers.Sarah Damaske, In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is mennot women. Who report being bappicr at home
14、 than at work,“ Another surprise is thatthe findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, but more so fornonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesnt measure is whether people are still doing work when theyre at home, whether it is
15、household work or work brought home from the office. Formany men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home,they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, theyoften are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, andth
16、e fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustmentsfor working women, it s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But its not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what theyresupposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they ha
17、ve to do in orderto draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical ormental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the householdin which the division of labor is so clinically and
18、 methodically laid out. Thereare a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Yourhome colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to betalked into it, or if they re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of allelectronic devices. Plus, t
19、hey re your family. You cannot fire your family. Younever really get to go home from home.So its not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are thetasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Pa ragraph 1，most previous su rveys found that
20、home_Awas an un realistic place for relaxationBgenerated more stress than the workplaceCwas an ideal place for stress measurementD offered greater relaxation than the workplace江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 22.According to Damaske， who are likely to be the happiest at home?AWorking mothersBChildless husbandsC Childl
21、ess wivesDWorking fathers23 The blurring of working womens roles refers to the fact thay_Athey are both bread winners and housewivesBtheir home is also a place for kicking backCthere is often much housework left behindDit is difficult for them to leave their office江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 24.The word“moola“(Li
22、ne 4，Para 4)most probably means_AenergyBskillsCearningsDnutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_Ahome is hardly a cozier working environmentBdivision of labor at home is seldom clear-cutChousehold tasks are generally more motivatingDfamily labor is often adequately rewarded答案：江
23、西研视界教育咨询有限公司 21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace22. B childless husbands23.A they are both bread winners and housewives24.C earnings25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cutText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those whodo not have a paren
24、t with a college degree-lag other students on a range of educationachievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. Butsince such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in highereducation, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to re
25、cruit more of them.This has created “a paradox“ in that recruiting first-generation students, but thenwatching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduceand widen, rather than close“ achievement gap based on social class, according tothe depressing beginning of a pape
26、r forthcoming in the journal Psychological江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 Sciense.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solutionto this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour,next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured bysuch
27、 factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins arebased on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamedprivate unive rsityFirst generation was defined as not having a parent with a f
28、our-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) wererecipients of Pell Grants，a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parentwith a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively mode
29、st inte rvention could have a big impact-wasbased on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potentialbut in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most collegestudents They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gapthat m
30、ust be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 Many first-gene ration students“struggle to navigate the middle-class cultureof higher education，learn therules of the game，and take advantage of collegeresou rces,“ they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages dont talkabout
31、 the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students BecauseUS colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affectstudents educational expe rience，many first-gene ration students lack sight aboutwhy they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students like
32、them can improve26. Recruiting more first-generation students hasAreduced their d ropout ratesBnarrowed the achievement gaoC missed its original pu rposeDdepressed college students27 The author of the research article are optimistic because江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 Athe problem is solvableBtheir approach is cos
33、tlessq the recruiting rate has increasedDtheir finding appeal to students28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration studentsAstudy at private universitiesBare from single-pa rent familiesq are in need of financial supportDhave failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first
34、-generation studentsAa re actually indifferent to the achievement gapBcan have a potential influence on othe r students江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 C may lack opportunities to apply for resea rch projectsDare inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We mayinfer from the last paragraph that-Auniversities
35、 often rect the culture of the middle-classBstudents are usually to blame for their lack of resourcesCsocial class g reatly helps en rich educational experiencesDcolleges are partly responsible for the problem in question答案：26.C missed its original purpose27.A the problem is solvable28.C are in need
36、 of financial support江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 29.D are inexperienced in handling issues at college30.D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3Even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America hasgottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 year
37、s ago，“ said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning offexamples.“If you and I pa rachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we wouldsee much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but w
38、e didnt talk about energy；we didnt talk about passion.“Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very“team“-oriented-and not by coincidence.“Lets not forget sDorts-in male-dominatedcorporate America，its still a big deal. Its not explicitly conscious；its theidea that Im a coach，
39、and youre my team，and were in this togethec. There arelots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves ascoaches and this is their team and they want to win“.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khu rana pointsout，increase alle
40、giance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology thathistorically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religiousorganizations：Terms like vision，values，passion ，and purpose，“saidKhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amidincreasin
41、gly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars“ of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still canthave it alland books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In，whose title has become abuzzword in itsown right. Terms like unplug， offline，life-hack，bandwidth ，andcapacit
42、y are allabout setting boundaries between the office and the home But ifyour work is your“passion,“ youII be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means goinghome for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of
43、 it，butmanagers love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunbergsaid，“You can get people to think its nonsense at the same timethat you buy intoit.“ In a workplace thats fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaningoffice speak can help you figu re out how you
44、 relate to yourwork-and how your workdefines who you are江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_Amore e motionalBmore objectiveCless energeticDless energeticEless strategic32.“team“-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_Ahistorical incidentsBgender differ
45、enceCsports cultureDathletic executives江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to_Arevive historical termsBpromote company imageCfoster corporate cooperationDstrengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_Avoices for working womenBappeals to passiona
46、te workaholicsCtriggers dcbates among mommiesDpraises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 AManagers admire it but avoid itBLinguists believe it to be nonsenseCCompanies find it to be fundamentalDRegular people mock it but accept it答案：31.A
47、more emotional32.C sports culture33.D strengthen employee loyalty34.A voices for working women35.C companies find it to be fundamentalText 4江西研视界教育咨询有限公司 Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reporled forJure, along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news.And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decentpace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at leastwe are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However there is another important part of the jobs picture that
