1、- 1 -Units 34 The meaning of colour & Behind beliefs单词 拼写应用核心单词1fundamental adj.根本的,十分重大的;基础的2abolish vt.废除,废止(法律、制度、习俗等)3compromise vi.&n.妥协,让步4substitute vt.&vi.替换,替代 n 替代者,替代品5bound adj.一定会;受约束(而必须做某事)6occupation n 职业,工作;侵占,占领7underline vt.强调;突出;加下划线8bare adj.裸露的;无遮盖的;空的9strike vt.击打;撞击;攻击;罢工10de
2、liver vt.&vi.递送,运送;发表(演讲),宣布语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空1The problem of little fuel has been solved by the substitute (substituting)2This decision represents the fundamental(fundament) interests of the people.3Miss Wang was very stubborn and we found it wiser to compromise(compromise) with her.4Jane had meant t
3、o work outside of her hometown,but she submitted(submit) to her parents decision at last.5DoorDash is a website and app that lets people order food to be delivered(deliver) without having to call a phone number or find correct change to pay the driver.6While reading in the library,he underlined(unde
4、rline) all the sentences he did not know.7Although we chatted in a train for a while,to tell you the truth,I havent entered her name and occupation(occupy) yet.拓展单词1equal adj.相等的;平行的equality n 平等;均等equally adv.同样地;相等地;公平地- 2 -2honest adj.诚实的honesty n 诚实,老实dishonest adj.不诚实的honestly adv.诚实地3object vi
5、.反对,不赞成objection n 反对,异议4separate adj.单独的;分开的 v(使)分开,(使)分离separation n 分离;隔离5spirit n 精神spiritual adj.精神的,心灵的6similar adj.相似的,类似的similarly adv.相似地,同样地similarity n 相似点,相像处;相似性7disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的disappointment n 失望,令人失望的人或事disappointed adj.(人)失望的8ambition n 雄心,抱负;野心ambitiou
6、s adj.有抱负的;野心勃勃的9consist vi.组成;一致;在于consistent adj.一致的;始终如一的;连续的10caution n 小心,仔细cautious adj.小心的语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空1Tom is a cautious and careful person,so whatever he does,he is always dealing with it with caution. (caution)2Honestly speaking,the key to my success in my business is honestyIf one is d
7、ishonest and untrustworthy,he is bound to fail. (honest)3All students are born equal,so everyone hopes to be treated equally by the teachers because equality is the basic demand of the students at school. (equal)4The war separated Jim from his mother. His separation from his family made them very sa
8、d and worried. (separate)5Whoever objects to the plan may speak out at the meeting tomorrow but I am sure my wife will have no objection(object)6Ones virtues consist of words and actions. He does what he says,and his actions are always consistent with his words. (consist)7Bill held a restless and yo
9、uthful spirit to go to his trips to India,interviewing several great spiritual leaders. (spirit)8I was disappointed with my sons performance,so I had a quarrel with him. To my great disappointment,he should blame me rather than himself for his bad result. His behavior was really disappointing. (disa
10、ppoint)阅读词汇1unrest n 动乱,动荡,骚乱 2symbolize vt.象征,代表- 3 -3rate n 比率;速度 vt.& vi.评估;划分等级 4federal adj.联邦的,联邦制的5dimension n 方面;(空间)维度 6arbitrary adj.任意的,随意的;专制的,专横的7mourning n 哀悼 8garment n (一件)衣服9Muslim n 伊斯兰教信徒 adj.伊斯兰教的 10burglar n 入室窃贼11choir n 唱诗班;合唱团 12worm n 蠕虫13bishop n 主教 14butcher n 屠夫15stout ad
11、j.肥胖的;粗壮的;顽强的 16bureaucratic adj.官僚的;官僚主义的17chant vi.&.vt.唱颂;反复呼喊 18passion n 激情;酷爱;激愤拓展联想1.“代替”说法大全take the place ofin place of instead ofreplace substitute2 “演讲”词汇全扫描deliver lecturespeech orationaddress report3.几个含“-ough”的单词一览tough adj.艰苦的,困难的;坚强的cough n &vi.咳嗽enough adv.& adj.足够(的)thorough adj.彻底
12、的;十分的although conj.尽管;虽然ought aux.应该,应当breakthrough n 突破4.“under-”开头合成词小结- 4 -undergraduate n 大学生undergo v遭受,经历underline v在下面画线underground adj.地下的,秘密的underwear n 内衣underdeveloped adj.欠发达的undertake v从事undercover adj.暗中进行的短语 多维应用高频短语1split off from 脱离,分离2date back to 追溯到,始于3get ones way 随心所欲4be centre
13、d around/centre around 围绕,以为中心5in honour of 为纪念,为庆祝语境运用 选用左边短语的适当形式填空In a rural tribe of Yunnan Province,when the young adults split off from their parents,a ceremony will be held in honour of their being mature and independent. Parents may get their way to urge him/her again and again privately or
14、cry out of joy or pride. It is said that this tradition dates back to the 13th century.6by and by 不久,过一会儿7every penny 所有的钱,每一分钱8hire oneself out 打工,受雇于人9count on 依靠,依赖10at random 随机,随意语境运用 选用左边短语的适当形式填空My hometown is located among mountains. The villagers here count on planting fruit-trees to earn e
15、very pennyYoung people usually go to big cities to hire themselves out. Because the mud slides occur at random,it is difficult to warn people in advance. So every person here is especially warned to look out as a child.拓展联想- 5 -1.“at n ”短语万花筒at times 有时at ease 安逸;自在;无拘无束at peace 处于和平(平静)状态at present
16、 目前,现在at random 随便地,任意地at risk 处境危险,受到威胁2.“catch”短语全接触catch hold of 抓住catch up with 赶上catch sb. doing sth.撞见某人做某事catch sight of 看见catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意catch on 学会;受欢迎3.“in n of”短语一站清in honour of 为纪念,为庆祝in case of 如果发生in charge of 管理in consequence of 由于,的结果in memory of 纪念in defence of 为辩护,保卫句式
17、 结构仿写教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用1.过去分词作状语Strengthened by the Revolution,France became a different country.(2017江苏卷满分作文)3D 电影,被广泛地引进,丰富了我们视觉和听觉上的体验。Widely introduced,3D films enriched our visual and audio experience.2.the next/last time 用作连词,引导时间状语从句。Therefore,the next time you choose your clothes,you should think
18、 more carefully about what colours to wear.(2016全国卷满分作文)我记得上次你来我们学校的时候就给我展示过关于该主题的一些照片。I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.3.拟人用法 (2017江苏卷满分作文)中国电影行业的票房收- 6 -The White Horse Temple has seen a lot of history.入在过去五年间呈稳定增长趋势。The last five years have w
19、itnessed a steady increase in box-office income of Chinese movies.精讲 6 个考纲词汇1object vi.反对,不赞成 n 物体;目标;宾语(1)单句语法填空Id like to come too,if you have no objection(object)We object to being blamed(blame) for something that we havent done.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)In my opinion,Im against charging for parking.(高级表达
20、)As far as Im concerned,I have an objection to charging for parking.(高级表达)From my point of view,I object to/am opposed to charging for parking.先理解再体会(1)object to sth./sb.反对某事/某人object to (sb./sb.s)doing sth.反对(某人)做某事(2)objection n 反对;厌恶have/make/raise an objection to/against.对提出异议名师点津 object 作及物动词后接
21、 that 从句,从句所表示的不是反对的内容,而是反对的理由。如 I wanted to climb the hill,but he objected that he was too tired.我要去爬山,但是他却以太累为由表示反对。promise n 妥协;让步 vi.妥协;让步(1)单句语法填空Most important of all,it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.- 7 -Sometimes,its necessary to compromise with your friends wh
22、en you want to keep the friendship.(2)链接写作一句多译经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了妥协。After some discussion we reached a compromise on the trade.(compromise)After some discussion we compromised on the trade.(compromised)先理解再牢记 (1)compromise with sb.与某人和解compromise on sth.以折中方法解决争论、争端等(2)reach/come to a compromise(betw
23、een A and B/on sth.) (就某事)和解/达成妥协make a compromise with 与妥协by compromise 折中佳句背诵 It is really important for parents to reach a compromise between what they want and what their kids desire.3.substitute vt.& vi.替换,替代 n 代替者,替代品(1)单句语法填空I was sent to attend the meeting as a substitute for my boss.Nothing
24、 can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Mr Smith take the place of the teacher who was sick.(高级表达)Mr Smith was in place of the teacher who was sick.(高级表达)Mr Smith substituted for the teacher who was sick.先理解再牢记 (1)substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用 A 代
25、替 Bsubstitute for sb./sth.代替/取代某人/某物(2)a substitute for.代替的人或物词义辨析 substitute,replace这两个词的含义略有不同,substitute 强调“代替,顶替” ;而 replace 强调“替换,更换” ,即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用 take the place of 更通俗些)。在句型结构上,通常是:substitute A for B“用 A 代替 B”(使用 A);replace A with/by B“用 B 替换 A”(使用 B)。佳句背诵 (2016全国卷)If we substitute a nu
26、mber for each letter,the - 8 -message“Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5”.4.strike(struck,struck) vt.& vi.撞击;攻击;袭击;击中;罢工;划(火柴);打动;敲钟,报时;使突然想到 n 罢工(1)单句语法填空I was struck by his inspiring words,and I decided to cooperate with him.The coal miners decided to go on strike for better working condition.(2)链接
27、写作一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。It hit me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(hit)It struck me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(strike)It occurred to me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(occur)先理解再牢记 (1)It strikes/struck sb.that.It hits/hit sb.that.It occurs/occu
28、rred to sb.that.某人突然意识/想到be struck by.被打动;深受感动(2)be on strike 在罢工go on strike 举行罢工佳句背诵 The matches were damp and he couldnt make them strike.5.deliver vt.& vi.递送,运送;发表(演讲);接生(1)单句语法填空Each time he delivered a letter to Mrs.Brown,he had to finish his work quite late,because she lived far away.The stri
29、ke caused a great delay in the delivery(deliver) of the mail.(2)链接写作一句多译使她感到很高兴的是,她生了一个健康的男孩。To her great joy,she gave birth to a healthy boy.(give birth to)To her great joy,she was delivered of a healthy boy.(deliver)先理解再牢记 (1)deliver sth.to sb.投递/传送某物给某人deliver a speech/a lecture/an address 发表演讲de
30、liver a baby 接生小孩be delivered of a babygive birth to a baby 生小孩(2)delivery n 递送,交付- 9 -佳句背诵 The headmaster delivered an important speech/lecture/address at the meeting yesterday,which left a deep impression on his students.6.burden vt.装载;使负担 n C担子;重负;负荷(1)单句语法填空I dont want to burden you with my worr
31、ies.His unemployment placed a heavy burden on his family.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)She was burdened with five children, so she had to work day and night.(高级表达)She burdened herself with five children and she had to work day and night.(用 burden.with.改写)(高级表达)Burdened with five children,she had to work day and
32、night.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)先理解再牢记 (1)burden sb./oneself with sth.增加负担于某人或自己be burdened with sth.负重(2)lay a burden on sb.给某人增加负担佳句背诵 I dont want to become a burden to my children when Im old.诠释 2 个核心短语1date back to 追溯到,始于(1)写出下列句中 date back to 的含义His story dates back to the 1980s when Africa suffered one of
33、 the worst droughts in its history.追溯到The custom dates back to ancient time.始于(2)用适当的介副词填空The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date.Can you see the film“I have a date with spring.”先理解再牢记 date fromdate back to 追溯到,始于make a date with 与约会up to date 最新式的,现代的out of date 过时的;过
34、期的名师点津 date back to 和 date from 一般不用于进行时态和被动语态。作后置定语时,常用现在分词形式。- 10 -佳句背诵 According to the expert,the vase has a history dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.2.(be) bound to(do)一定或注定(做),有责任或义务(做);不得不(1)写出下列句中 be bound to (do)的含义There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.一定
35、或注定做We were bound to tell her that her son had been taking drugs.不得不If her patient threatens to kill someone,she is bound by law to inform the police.有责任或义务(做)(2)用适当的介副词填空His career is bound up with the fortunes of the enterprise.He is bound up in his research work.先理解再牢记 be bound up in 热心于;忙于be bun
36、d up with 与有密切联系佳句背诵 When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life,we are bound to keep healthy.突破 1 个高考句型(教材 P34)Strengthened by the Revolution,France became a different country.大革命使法国变得强大,成为一个与众不同的国家。句型公式 过去分词(短语)作状语(1)单句语法填空Bitten(bite) twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters.G
37、rown(grow) in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.The teacher entered the lab,followed(follow) by a group of students.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)He was caught in a heavy rain,so he was late for work again.(高级表达)Caught in a heavy rain,he was late for work again.(用过去分词作状语)先理解再牢记 过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、
38、让步、方式、伴随等情况,表示被动或完成。使用时应注意两点:一是过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致;二是过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语为被动或完成关系。名师点津 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,此时这些过去分词既不表示被动,也- 11 -不表示完成,而表示一种状态,这样的词有:lost(迷路的),seated(坐),hidden(躲),stationed(驻扎),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着),tired of(感到厌倦)等,不管它们作什么成分都不用其-ing 形式。佳句背诵 Absorbed in his book,he didnt notice m
39、e enter the room.单句语法填空1Was it Mary that you met in the street yesterday?2You can always count on him to help you because he is your best friend.3This kind of fashion has caught on you see girls wear it everywhere.4Drunk driving used to occur frequently(frequent) in our city,but now such cases are r
40、are.5With the roads in Tibet quake zone cleared,relief supplies can be delivered to those in need.6No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.7Dont lie to him.He is bound to find(find) about it.8Coffee has a history dating(date) back to at least the 19th century.9Thats why an old so
41、ng can remind you of something that happened years ago.10Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains(rain) or its very cold.单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)1It wont be long before we shall meet again.去掉 shall2Tim is in good shape physically as though he doesnt get much exercise.aseven3He acted as if no
42、thing happened.happened 前加 had4Hard had I got home when it began to rain.HardHardly5Jack is so an honest worker that we all believe him.sosuch6Hard although you may try,you will not succeed.althoughas/though7Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home.第一个
43、 she 前加 did8No until we pointed out their faults did they realize it.NoNot- 12 -9Today,we will begin that we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.第一个 thatwhere10Too much homework is burden to students.burden 前加 a.课文语法填空根据 P3435 课文内容,在空格处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Today every independent c
44、ountry has its flag,which 1.represents(represent) its values,beliefs and culture.The French flag was first used in 1789,2.at the start of the French Revolution the colors red,blue and white used on the flag stand for liberty,3.equality(equal) and fraternity.The stars and strips on the American flag
45、is also a symbol of revolution.There are fifty stars on the flag,one 4.for each state,representing the union of fifty states into one country in a federal system.The thirteen strips are 5.to remind(remind) people of the thirteen 6.colonies(colony) that joined together to fight for independence from
46、Britain.The Indonesian flag is made up of a red band 7.over a white one,on which there are many 8.explanations(explain) for the meanings of the colors.The most common one is 9.that red stands for blood,or things that are physical,while white represents the 10.spiritual(spirit).写作改错双练根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成
47、下面的小作文,并改正学生习作。1最近十年中国发生了太多的道路交通事故,我们一定要牢记这些教训,绝不向违反交通规则的行为妥协。(see,be bound to,compromise)2众所周知红灯代表“停” ,然而有些人却随意过马路。(It is known that,get ones way)3由于担心这个问题,我有幸可以就此发表演讲。(过去分词作状语 deliver)4在我看来,我们应该反对那些危险的行为,不要忽视交通信号,而是遵守交通规则。(object,substitute)5而且,政府也早该采取措施解决这个问题。第一步:练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。- 13 -第二步:练
48、改错下面是李明针对本文的习作,其中有 5 处语法错误,请你帮他纠正过来。The last ten years has seen too many accidents happen in the road in China.We are bound to keep the lessons in mind and never compromise to any action that disobeys the traffic rules.As is well known to all that the red light represents “stop”However,some people get their way to cross the street.Concerning about the problem,Im honoured to deliver a speech here.As far as Im concerned,we are supposed to object to the dangerous actions.We should