1、1Unit 3 The world of colours and light高考试卷分块专练 练 一 阅 读 理 解 提 速 练 限 时 35分 钟 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)AProfessional development courses in LondonBusiness writingDelivery method: Online, VideoPrice: 49About the course: Many people get blocked when forced to put their thoughts into words at work. Thi
2、s course gives you the tools and techniques to improve your writing, whether its a twoline email or a twohundredpage report.Travel writing coursesDelivery method: Classroom, SeminarPrice: 115 (full day); 125 (evening classes)About the course: Do you want to be a travel writer? Then come along to a o
3、neday travel writing workshop or a fourweek travel writing evening class. The courses help participants to write travel features and publish them in newspapers, magazines or on websites.Presessional programmes in EAPDelivery method: Classroom, SeminarPrice: Starting from 1,250About the course: Our f
4、ive presessional programmes in English for academic purposes are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University. These programmes aim to equip you with the language and academic skills necessary for success in your future chosen subject area.MasterclassDelivery method: Cla
5、ssroom, SeminarPrice: Starting from 335About the course: Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s), this course will help you gain the ideas, knowledge and skills you need to write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and profitable results.2语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了在伦敦进行的专业发
6、展方面的课程的相关情况。21How is the business writing course different from the others?AIt is delivered online.BIt offers evening classes.CIt focuses on report writing.DIt is hosted by Aston University.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据四种课程的介绍中的“Delivery method: Online, Video”“Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar”“Delivery method:
7、 Classroom, Seminar”“Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar”可知，商务写作课程与其他课程的不同之处在于它是在网络上教授的。故选 A。22What can presessional programmes in EAP help students do?AChoose a suitable college subject.BPrepare themselves for university.CGo to worldclass universities.DOnly improve their academic skills.解析：选 B 细节理解
8、题。根据第三个课程介绍中的“are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University .equip you with the language and academic skills necessary for success in your future chosen subject area”可知，该课程的目标对象是想上 Aston University 的国际学生，该课程旨在帮助他们获得在未来选择的科目中取得成功所需要的英语和学业技能。故选 B。23Which course fits Joh
9、n if he hopes to write inspiring words for fundraising activities?APresessional programmes in EAP.BTravel writing courses.CBusiness writing.DMasterclass. 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s) write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and pro
10、fitable results”可知，如果 John 想为募捐活动写一些鼓舞人心的文字的话，Masterclass 是最适合他的。故选 D。B(2018重庆市九校联考)It must have been a very clever human who looked at a sheep walking past and thought of the use its wool might have!3The oldest surviving textile (纺织品) made out of wool is around 3,500 years old. Wool was probably th
11、e first fiber to be woven into textiles. Because when humans stopped hunting and started raising animals, it was their first step from a wild life to a civilized one. Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle of our ancestor during the Stone Age, a walking food supply that required litt
12、le care. Sheep provided all meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools.Some sheep were suitable to roast while others were to produce wool, as sheep fit for eating do not necessarily have highquality wool. Early wild species of sheep had long outer hair protecting their
13、short wool undercoats. It was this underlayer that was highly suitable for textile use, so they were selectively bred into modern sheep.Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool. Around 1800 BC, the civilization of Babylonia was famous for its wool. After the Romans conquered Spa
14、in, they developed a new breed (品种 ) that would come to be known as Spanish Merino, with the whitest, finest wool ever known. Today, the Merino is the most highly regarded breed in the world.The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea about how t
15、o put two threads together. With wool, they_seem_to_have_got_their_revenge.语篇解读：这是一篇说明文，介绍了纺织品原料羊毛的相关信息。24What do we know about raising sheep in the Stone Age?APeople made great efforts to raise sheep.BPeople exchanged sheep for what they needed.CSheep led to the boom of ancient society.DSheep met m
16、any basic needs of ancient people.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle . meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools”可知，羊的肉和奶可作为食物，皮可作为衣服和遮蔽物，而骨头可用于制作各种工具，即羊满足了古人的许多基本需求，故选 D。25What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?AEconomic value of s
17、heep.BFeatures of sheep breeds.4CChoice of suitable sheep breeds.DDevelopment of the wool industry.解析：选 C 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了不是所有的羊都适合用于羊毛编织，故人们选择了合适的品种饲养。故选 C。26What are Babylonia and the Romans mentioned to prove?AThe wisdom of ancient people.BThe aggression of ancient nations.CThe link betwe
18、en their rise and wool.DThe greatness of wellorganized ancient society.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool”可知，一些实力强大的帝国是建立在羊背和羊毛上的，紧接着就列举了巴比伦王国和罗马人的例子，故可判断出，作者提到巴比伦王国和罗马人是为了说明他们的崛起和羊毛之间是有联系的。27What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?A
19、They lost their advantage of something.BThey won and got rid of the shame of failure.CThey did something harmful to their opponent.DThey were taking pains to catch up with others.解析：选 B 句意理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea
20、 about how to put two threads together”可知，中国人在掌握了如何制作丝绸的秘诀数千年之后，欧洲人才知道如何把两根蚕丝缠绕在一起变为一根。结合上文中提到西方国家在羊毛利用方面的领先情况可以推断出，画线部分意思应为他们似乎扳回一局，即羊毛纺织让欧洲人得以“一雪前耻” 。revenge 意为“报仇，复仇，雪耻” 。C(2018河北省鄂西北联考)Up until now, it has been believed big cats like the leopard (豹) originated in parts of Africa. However, an anc
21、ient skull unearthed recently indicates that big cats originated in central Asia not Africa as widely thought, paleontologists (古生物学家) reported on Wednesday.Dated at between 4.1 and 5.95 million years old, the fossil is the oldest remains ever found of a pantherine felid, as big cats are called. The
22、 previous felid record holder tooth fragments (碎片) found in Tanzania is estimated to be around 3.8 million years old.The evolution of big cats has been heatedly discussed, and the issue is 5complicated by a lack of fossil evidence to settle the debate.“This find suggests that big cats have a deeper
23、evolutionary origin than previously suspected， ” said Jack Zeng, a paleontologist of the University of Southern California who led the probe (调查)Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote border region in Tibet. The fossil was found stuck among more than 100 bones that were probably deposit
24、ed by a river that exited a cliff. After three years of careful comparisons with other fossils, using DNA data to build a family tree, the team is convinced the creature was a pantherine felid.The weight of evidence suggests that central or northern Asia is where big cats originated some 16 million
25、years ago. They may have lived in a vast mountain shelter, formed by the uplifting Himalayas, feeding on equally remarkable species such as the Tibetan blue sheep. They then dispersed (分散) into Southeast Asia, evolving (进化) into the clouded leopard, tiger and snow leopard families, and later movemen
26、ts across continents saw them evolve into jaguars and lions.The newly discovered felid has been called Panthera Blytheae, after Blythe Haaga, daughter of a couple who support a museum in Los Angeles, the university said in a news release.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。一块颅骨的出土推翻了一贯的结论，大型猫科动物起源于中亚，而不是非洲。该出土的颅骨证明了大型猫
27、科动物的生活习性和进化过程。28According to the passage, why is the evolution of big cats a hot issue?ABecause not many fossils have been found.BBecause they moved across continents.CBecause no equipment was available for accurate analysis.DBecause they have evolved into many different species of felid.解析：选 A 细节理解
28、题。根据第三段中的“has been heatedly discussed, and the issue is complicated by a lack of fossil evidence to settle the debate”可知，A 项正确。29Where was the new felid fossil found?AIn Tanzania. BIn Tibet.CIn California. DIn Southeast Asia.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote b
29、order region in Tibet”可知，最新的化石是在西藏发现的，故6B 项正确。30According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?ASome big cats evolved into jaguars 16 million years ago.BThe oldest fossil of big cats ever discovered is 3.8 million years old.CBig cats are later generations of snow leopards living
30、 in high mountains.DTibetan blue sheep was a main food source for big cats in the Himalayas.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“feeding on equally remarkable species such as the Tibetan blue sheep”可知，大型猫科动物以与其同样注目的动物如西藏的岩羊为食，故 D 项正确。31What is the purpose of this passage?ATo promote wildlife conservation.BTo rep
31、ort on a new find in paleontology.CTo introduce a new animal species.DTo compare the family trees of pantherine felids.解析：选 B 目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段的第二句“However, an ancient skull unearthed recently indicates that big cats originated in central Asia not Africa as widely thought, paleontologists (古生物学家) r
32、eported on Wednesday”为文章主题句；据此可知，本文旨在介绍古生物学方面的一项新发现，故 B 项正确。DRobert Ballard was born in 1942.From an early age, he loved the sea.Ballard grew up in Southern California.He spent his free time at the beach near his home.He enjoyed fishing and swimming.He even learned to dive.When Ballard wasnt at the
33、ocean, he loved reading about it.At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.His parents helped him follow his dream.Ballard was a hardworking student
34、.He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean.By the age of 28, he was an expert.In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the
35、 oceans.Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals.These animals lived far below the oceans surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.7By the 1980s, Ballards interests changed.He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom.His firs
36、t find, the wellknown ship Titanic, made Ballard famous.He was not happy with just one big find, however.He looked for and found other wellknown ships.One was the German battleship Bismarck.Another was the USS Yorktown, an aircraft carrier (航空母舰) that sank during World War .Today Robert Ballard is s
37、till an underwater explorer.He also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science.Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps.After all, the worlds huge oceans are mostly unknown.Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?语篇解读：本文介绍了海底探险家罗伯特
38、巴拉德的人生经历，包括他小时候的理想、学习经历以及长大后的成就。32What was Ballards dream when he was young?ATo be an animal expert.BTo be a professional diver.CTo be a famous writer.DTo be an underwater explorer.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the unders
39、ea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德小时候的梦想是做一名海底探险者。故选 D 项。33When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, he_.Aexplored mountains with other scientistsBthought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoesCfound some unkno
40、wn sea animals aloneDdeveloped unmanned vehicles to change interests解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.”可知，巴拉德在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所工作时，提出了预测海底火山的方法。故选 B 项。34What can be a suitable title for the passage?AThe
41、 Unknown Ocean WorldBA Hardworking StudentCThe Life of an Undersea Explorer8DAn Underwater Exploration解析：选 C 标题归纳题。根据文章的时间线索可知，本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了海底探险家罗伯特巴拉德的人生经历。故选 C 项。35Which of the following is TRUE about Ballard according to the passage?ABallard set up an organization to teach students science.BBal
42、lard has explored more than half of the worlds oceans.CBallard disappointed his parents at his undersea adventures.DBallard was greatly influenced by Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the
43、 undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德受海底两万里这本书的影响很大。故选 D 项。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)Have any of these situations happened to you？Forgetting someones name after you just met, or just talking about yourself the first time you m
44、eet someone new？Ouch！You never have a second chance to make a first impression._36_ Here is how you can recover._37_ As soon as you realize that you may have offended someone, say something about it.The more time passes, the worse the situation can become.While first impressions stick, so do last im
45、pressions.Take control of the situation by making the last impression a positive one.Avoid overapologizing._38_ Your goal is to admit your mistake and reposition yourself as being responsible and sensitive.If you repeatedly bring up the past, youre defeating your purpose.It puts the other person in
46、the uncomfortable position of having to constantly forgive you.Making no assumptions (假想)Its easy to assume that others think the worst of you, but usually what we imagine is far worse than reality.So, dont start out with, “You must think Im a total fool.”Say something like, “Im uncomfortable with h
47、ow I behaved yesterday because I realized I might have offended you.Did you feel the same way？”_39_Be sincere.A sincere apology requires three steps.First, dont blame what happened on other people.Second, admit how your actions affected the other person.Third, explain what you will do differently in
48、 the future to avoid making the same mistake.Such an apology might sound like, “I want to 9apologize for what I said yesterday.After speaking with you, I can hear how much my comments offended you._40_”AApologize immediately.BBe responsible for future behavior.CThe other person may think it was no b
49、ig deal.DEvery impression you make builds on the previous one.EI want you to know that in the future I will be more sensitive.FSo how to do when that first impression is a negative one?GSaying youre sorry is important, but overdoing it can create another uncomfortable situation.语篇解读：在与人交流的过程中，我们有时会因为疏漏给别人留下一个糟糕的第一印象。一旦发生，我们该如何挽回呢？文章为我们提供了几点建议。36解析：选 F 设空后的“Here is how you can recover.”引出下文，介绍几种解决办法，由此可知，此处引出疑问：当给人留下糟糕的第一印象时该
