1、1第五单元检测(时间:90 分钟 满分:120 分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 12 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(导学号 58980025)The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids(金字塔).They have stood for nearly 5,000 years,and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of
2、 years yet.There are over eighty of them scattered (散布) along the banks of the Nile,some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids.The most famous of these are the “Step” pyramid and the “Bent” pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look as much alike as they must have been when they were b
3、uilt thousands of years ago.Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or,more often,for stones to use in modern buildings.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to keep the pyramids in good condition,and their very shape has made them less like
4、ly to fall into ruin.These are good reasons why they can still be seen today,but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever.The “Step” pyramid had to be on the west side of the Nile,the side on which the sun set.This was for spiritual reasons.It also had to stand well above
5、 the level of the river to protect it against the regular floods.It could not be too far from the Nile,however,as the stones to build it needed to be carried in boats down the river to the nearest point.Water transport was,of course,much easier than land transport.The builders also had to find a roc
6、k base,which was not likely to crack (破裂) under the great weight of the pyramid.Finally,it had to be near the capital,or better still near the kings palace so that he could visit it easily to personally check the progress being made on the final resting place for his body.1According to the passage,t
7、he “Step” pyramid . A.is unlikely to fall into ruin in the near futureB.was built on the banks along the NileC.is one that was built later than the true pyramidsD.is the most famous of the true pyramids答案 A解析 细节理解题。从第一段第二句话“They have stood for nearly 5,000 years,and it seems likely that they will co
8、ntinue to stand for thousands of years yet.”可以看出金字塔不可能受损,A 项中的 unlikely 意为“不可能”。本文主要介绍了埃及的金字塔能保存长久的原因及其中被称为 Step 的金字塔建立在尼罗河西侧的原因。22The most important reason why some pyramids remain in good condition is that . A.people have taken good care of themB.it doesnt rain often in EgyptC.they were well desig
9、nedD.the government has protected them from damage答案 C解析 细节理解题。可从第二段最后一句“These are good reasons why they can still be seen today,but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever.”看出原因有很多,但最重要的是合理的设计。3Most of the damage to the pyramids has been caused by . A.the regular floods
10、B.the dry climate of EgyptC.the special shape of the pyramidsD.people in search of building materials答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or,more often,for stones to use in modern buildings.”的“more often” 看出金字塔所遭受的损害
11、大部分出自于那些寻宝人之手,事实上更多的时候,他们是寻找可用于现代建筑中的石头。可以判定造成损坏最主要的原因是人们偷取建筑材料。4The Egyptians built the pyramids along the banks of the Nile because . A.they believed in their godB.it was difficult to find a large rock base far from the NileC.the river helped a lot in the transport of building materialsD.it was no
12、t easy to choose a suitable place for the pyramids答案 C解析 细节理解题。从文中最后一段中的“Water transport was,of course,much easier than land transport.”可知,水路运输要比陆路运输容易得多。BThe Tang Dynasty was probably the period when the Silk Road was at its busiest.One important centre on the road was the city of Changan,where pre
13、sent-day Xian now stands.Changan was the capital city of this dynasty and by about 750 AD it had become a strong and successful capital of around two million people.Because of the chances for trade,a number of foreigners from countries bordering China lived in the city.The markets at this time in Ch
14、angan were perhaps the most exciting markets anywhere in the world.They sold goods from India,Africa,Japan,Korea,Turkey,Iran and other Arab countries and many items in 3the markets would have been completely new to some of the buyers.Interesting animals were sold together with exotic(奇异的)plants and
15、strange medicines.Dried animals,dried foods and dried plants were laid out for sale next to rare seeds and spices(香料).But besides the hope to trade,which drew people together,China was still largely a mysterious country to the outside world and certainly the secret of making silk was still unknown.T
16、he route(路线)to the west followed different paths but the traders would have travelled from places to places,always looking for routes both to water and protection.However,the Ming Dynasty had its policy of isolation(闭关) and reduced the traffic along this ancient land route.Instead,sea routes became
17、more popular and in the early 15th century there were many Chinese ships trading silk and other goods along the coasts of India,Arabia and Africa.5This passage mainly tells us . A.the silk trade in the pastB.the rise and fall of the Silk RoadC.the hard life the traders lived on the Silk RoadD.why se
18、a routes became popular in the early 15th century答案 B解析 主旨大意题。从每一段的首句可以看出,本文讲的是丝绸之路的兴衰史。6It is probable that many dried goods were sold in the market because . A.the market traders could store them for longer time and sell them more easilyB.they could be stored and transported more easily by the tra
19、ders on the Silk RoadC.they could be transported far more easily by traders from different countriesD.they were lighter for the camels to carry wherever the traders wanted to go答案 B解析 推理判断题。从第三段可知丝绸之路很漫长,由此可推知交易的干货多是因为干货易于贮存和运输。7By saying “China was still largely a mysterious country to the outside
20、world”,the author refers to the fact that . A.a large part of China was mysterious to the outside worldB.China was a large country that was totally unknown to the outside worldC.to a great extent China was little known or understood by the outside worldD.most of China was misunderstood by the outsid
21、e world答案 C解析 句意理解题。这句话指的是当时在很大程度上中国对于外面的世界来说是很神秘的这样的一个事实。8What does the underlined word “mysterious” mean?A.ample B.wonderful4C.lively D.secret答案 D解析 词义理解题。从“China was still largely a mysterious country to the outside world and certainly the secret of making silk was still unknown.”看出此处 mysterious
22、是“神秘的”之意。COn May 3,2002,archaeologists in England found a grave of a man dating back to around 2300 BC.Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior.There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat.He carried a copper knife on his breast.The most amazin
23、g find was two gold earrings.That would have made him a man of distinction.Only a few centimetres from his head were two pots made of clay,tools and materials to make arrows,a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second,smaller copper knife.Next to them lay a cushion stone,upon which the man cou
24、ld work metal.His grave is the richest of any found from that period,because this man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain (dating back to 2470 BC).Besides,he was buried three miles from Stonehenge.Archaeologists tend to believe he was a member of a power
25、ful class who might have organized the construction of Stonehenge.Stonehenge was begun around 3000 BC.In about 2300 BC the huge stone circles were built.The biggest stones weigh approximately 20 tons.But the smaller blue stones,still weighing 4 tons on average,came from west Wales.It is not yet know
26、n how these were conveyed over a distance of 380 kilometres.It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge without the use of modern construction machines and lorries.He is an example of people who brought culture and new techniques from the European mainland to Britain.In terms
27、 of technical development,people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age and then to the Iron Age.9Which are not included in the things that are found in the grave of the man?A.Tools,a bone pin,a bow and a cushion stone.B.A copper knife and two gold earrings.C.Two pots,arrows and materials t
28、o make arrows.D.Some chicken and grains.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由第一、二段内容可知,该坟墓里没有包括鸡肉和谷物,而其他选 项所提到的东西都在该坟墓中被 发现。10The man buried in the grave might be at that time. A.a poor man B.a kindhearted manC.a rich man D.an ordinary man答案 C5解析 推理判断题。由第二段第一句“His grave is the richest of any found from that period.”可推知坟墓的
29、主人可能很富有。11What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A.How Stonehenge was built.B.Building Stonehenge was hard.C.Stonehenge was made of big stones.D.It is a mystery how Stonehenge was built.答案 D解析 主旨大意题。从第三段的内容来看,主要说的是巨石阵是怎么建造的仍然是个谜。12We can infer that . A.how Stonehenge was builtB.Stonehenge w
30、as built through several agesC.the King of Stonehenge was from FranceD.Stonehenge was built because of war答案 B解析 推理判断题。由第三段第一、二句可知,巨石阵始建于公元前 3000 年左右 ,在大约公元前 2300 年这些大的石头圈建成了。由此推出答案为 B 项。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that
31、 will help you to become a better student in several ways.13. Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.Third,note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and w
32、hile reading a textbook or doing research for a report.14. Whenever or however you take notes,keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.15. The following methods may work best for you. Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.Carefully read the text and watch for words
33、 that can show main points and supporting facts.Write your notes in your own words.16. Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.As you take notes,you may want to use your own shorthand(速记).When you do,be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all t
34、he time.17. A.Use words,not complete sentences.B.There are three practical note-taking methods.C.You must write your notes on separate paper.D.Otherwise,you may not be able to read your notes later.E.You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.6F.That means you must first decide w
35、hat is important enough to include in your notes.G.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.答案 13.G 14.E 15.F 16.A 17.D第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When Mt Vesuvi
36、us(维苏威火山)erupted in 79 AD,it 18 the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The first 19 were the people of Pompeii,who,returning to their city when the eruption had eased,dug down through the 20 of their buried homes and salvaged what they could of their furniture and belongings.The 21 they drove throug
37、h the solidified ash can still be seen in places.But a time came 22 Pompeii and Herculaneum were forgotten.Throughout the Middle Ages these two buried cities were not disturbed,and it was not until 1709 23 an Austrian prince sank a shaft at Herculaneum and then,by 24 of underground tunnels,robbed th
38、e city of its treasures. In 1729,systematic excavation began on the 25 site,but King Charles of Naples merely excavated the site to 26 archaeological specimens(考古标本) for his collection.A few years later,an accidental find at Pompeii led to excavations there;at first by tunneling,but afterwards by th
39、e actual uncovering of the city. From the end of the 27 century to the present day,digging has gone on 28 continuously,though slowly,and often with 29 resources.Perhaps this slowness has not been entirely a(n) 30 ,since it has resulted in large,untouched sections of both cities being left 31 for mod
40、ern,scientific excavation. 32 techniques have improved so much in the last fifty years that a site can now reveal far more archaeological 33 than before. Today most of 34 and a substantial section of Herculaneum have been cleared.They are the best known archaeological sites 35 ,and the most wonderfu
41、l.For here,and nowhere else on earth,are ancient cities in which life did not die out but was suddenly 36 . “Behind these walls,” as one writer has said,“lies an 37 Italian town,stilled in a moment of time.To enter the gates of this city is to walk 2,000 years into the past.” 18A.destroyed B.repaire
42、dC.built D.identified答案 A解析 destroy “毁坏”;repair “修理”;build “建造”;identify “识别”。火山爆发应毁坏城市。19A.explanation B.excavators7C.pronunciationD.affection答案 B解析 excavators “挖掘者”;explanation “解释”;pronunciation “发音”;affection “影响”。人们应挖掘被火山埋起来的城市。20A.beliefs B.reliefC.roofs D.bottoms答案 C解析 through the roofs “穿过屋顶
43、”。belief “信仰”;relief“欣慰”;bottom “末端,底部”。挖掘家园时,最先接触到的是屋顶。21A.tunnel B.roomC.area D.top答案 A解析 The tunnel they drove through “他们穿过的甬道”。tunnel “甬道,隧道”;room “房间”;area “区域,面积”;top “顶端”。22A.when B.whichC.if D.who答案 A解析 但是 Pompeii 和 Herculaneum 被人们遗忘了。when 引导定语从句修饰 a time。23A.it B.thoseC.this D.that答案 D解析 i
44、t was.that 构成强调结构。24A.meaning B.to meanC.means D.mean答案 C解析 by means of “通过途径”。meaning “意义,意思”;mean “意味着,意思”。25A.different B.sameC.ample D.alternative答案 B解析 on the same site “在相同的地点”,即对同一个地点进行挖掘。26A.protect B.sharpenC.obtain D.applaud答案 C解析 为收藏而获得考古标本,obtain “得到”。protect“保护”;sharpen “(使)锋利”;applaud
45、“鼓掌”。27A.eighteenth B.eight8C.eighteen D.eighth答案 A解析 从 In 1729 看出,此处应该是 the eighteenth century “18 世纪”。28A.practically B.finallyC.successfully D.specially答案 A解析 practically “实际上”,此处表示挖掘工作实际上已经取得进展。29A.a few B.fewC.little D.less答案 B解析 few resources 与前面的 though slowly 相呼应。30A.disadvantage B.advantage
46、C.analysis D.revision答案 A解析 this slowness has not been entirely a disadvantage “这种迟缓并不一定完全是坏事”。disadvantage “不足,劣势”;advantage “优点”;analysis “分析”;revision “复习”。31A.preserved B.acceleratedC.assumed D.faded答案 A解析 being left preserved “处于被保护状态”。accelerate“加速,促进”;assume “假定”;fade “减弱”。32A.Affectionate B.
47、FormalC.Archaeological D.Dizzy答案 C解析 archaeological “考古的”,此处与考古有关。affectionate “深情的,亲切的”;formal“正式的”;dizzy “头晕目眩的”。33A.information B.botanyC.category D.significance答案 A解析 archaeological information “考古信息”。botany“植物学”;category “种类”;significance “意义,重要性”。34A.London B.PompeiiC.New York D.Egypt答案 B解析 Po
48、mpeii 此处指庞培,意大利古都,公元 79 年火山爆发,全城被火山灰覆盖。35A.in Europe B.in Asia9C.in Africa D.in America答案 A解析 意大利在欧洲(Europe)。36A.overlooked B.sobbedC.missed D.arrested答案 D解析 arrest 在此表示“心跳停止”。overlook“忽视”;sob “抽泣”;miss “错过;思念”。37A.skilful B.ancientC.patient D.effective答案 B解析 在这些墙的背后,有一座古老的意大利城镇。ancient“远古的”;skilful
49、“熟练的”;patient“有耐心的”;effective“有效的”。由下一句中的“walk 2,000 years into the past”可知 ancient 为最佳答案。第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(导学号 58980026)I was sitting in a crowded restaurant,enjoying a tasty meal with my Chinese family.38. atmosphere was hot and loud.One thing that I couldnt get used to 39. (be) the clouds of cigarette smoke 40. filled the air and our lungs.It used to be the same for me in my home area in the United States.41. the noise was definitely a relatively new experience.I glanced around the room,and found th