1、1Unit 4 Public transporPublic transport refers to buses, minibuses, trams, trains,cabs, ferries, airplanes ect. Most of them have their own routes and time tables to pick up and drop off people. Unfortunately, as the growth of people in cities becomes unbelievable, many problemsarise. For example, p
2、eople often can not be conveyed punctually. As a result, subwayscame into being in metropolis to avoid crashes and to reduce loads on the ground., 公共交通指公共汽车、小型公共汽车、电车、火车、出租车、渡船和飞机等。它们大多有自己的路线和乘客上下车的时刻表。不幸的是，由于城市人口增长变得让人难以置信，很多问题产生了。例如，人们经常不能准时地被运送。因此，为了避免地面上的碰撞和减轻负担，地铁在大都市产生了。加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练.完形填空Rica
3、rdo Semler became boss of his fathers business Semco in Brazil at the age of 21. Ricardo worked like a(n) _1_ man, from 7：30 am to midnight every day. One afternoon, while he was visiting a factory in New York, he _2_. The doctor told him if he _3_ like that, he would find a new home in hospital. Se
4、mler got the _4_. He changed the way he _5_. In fact, he changed the ways his _6_ worked, too.He let his workers take more _7_ so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He _8_ them to set their own salaries, _9_ their own working hours and he cut all the jobs he thought were _1
5、0_， like receptionists and secretaries.He changed the office: _11_ walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses cant _12_ themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are _13_ to decorate their workspace as they want.It sounds perfect, but does it _14_？ The answer is in the _15_： in the last s
6、ix years, Semcos revenues (收入) have _16_ from $35 million to 2$212 million. The company has gone from eight hundred employees to 3,000. Why?Semler says its because of “peer pressure” which makes employees work _17_ for everyone else. If someone isnt doing his job _18_， the other workers will not all
7、ow the _19_ to continue. In other words, Ricardo treats his workers like adults rather than children, and expects them to act like responsible _20_. And they do.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作为老板，只有让团队中的每个人都能自觉主动地承担责任，形成我为人人，人人为我的氛围，才能提高团队的工作效率。这正是 Semler之所以成功的经验。1A.interesting BindependentCmad Dgreat解析：选 C 根据空格后的“
8、from 7：30 am to midnight every day”可知，他拼命工作。故选 C，意为“疯狂的” 。2A.fell down Bgave upCwent out Dgot off解析：选 A 根据下句“The doctor told him”可知，他病倒了。故选 A，意为“倒下” 。3A.changed BcontinuedCdropped Dwent解析：选 B 根据空格后的“like that, he would find a new home in hospital”可知，医生的意思为：如果他继续这样拼命下去，他会生病住院的。故选 B，意为“继续” 。4A.sound B
9、wayCsense Dmessage解析：选 D 根据下文内容可知，Semler 听从了医生的建议，不再那么拼命工作了。故选 D，get the message 是常用短语，意为“领会，明白，受到启发” 。5A.walked BtalkedCworked Dtreated解析：选 C 根据上文和下句“In fact, he changed the way his _worked, too.”可知，Semler 改变了他自己的工作方式。故选 C。6A.family BworkersCfriends Dchildren解析：选 B 根据下一段第一句中“He let his workers take
10、 more _”可知，他也改变了员工们的工作方式。故选 B。37A.responsibility BmoneyCpower Dexpectation解析：选 A 根据空格后的“so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong”可知，此处应指他让员工们承担起更多的责任，这样如果事情出了差错，他们自己会操心。故选 A。8A.persuaded BforcedCforbade Dallowed解析：选 D 根据上一句中的“He let his workers take more”可知，此处所填词的意思相当于上句中的“let”
11、 。故选 D，意为“允许” 。9A.decide BwantCunderstand Dtry解析：选 A 根据空格前的“them to set their own salaries”可推知，此处应指Semler让员工自己决定工作时间。所填词与“set”意思一致。故选 A。10A.unnecessary BunpopularCstupid Ddifficult解析：选 A 根据本句中“he cut all the jobs he thought were _， like receptionists and secretaries”并结合常识可知，他取消的工作岗位应该是不必要的。故选 A，意为“不
12、必要的” 。11A.above all Binstead ofCapart from Dexcept for解析：选 B 根据空格处与下句“so bosses cant .”之间构成的因果关系可知，此处指用植物代替办公室的墙，这样老板就不会与其他人隔离开。故选 B，意为“代替，而不是” 。12A.put BgetCshut Dtake解析：选 C 根据语境可知，用植物来取代墙的目的是老板不能把自己和员工隔离开。故选 C，shut away 为固定搭配，意为“隔离” 。13A.willing BfreeCtired Deager解析：选 B 根据空格后的“as they want”可知，员工们可
13、以自由装饰自己的工作场所。故选 B，意为“自由的” 。14A.develop BgrowChappen Dwork解析：选 D 根据下文可知，本句句意为：这听起来很完美，但这样有效果吗？故选4D，意为“起作用，奏效” 。15A.eyes BnumbersCpersons Ddollars解析：选 B 根据下文“from $35 million to $212 million . from eight hundred employees to 3,000”可知，此处强调用数字来证明。故选 B。16A.grown BdroppedCbeaten Dmade解析：选 A 根据空格后的数字对比可知，公
14、司的收入增加了。故选 A。17A.straight BslowChard Dseldom解析：选 C 根据上文可知，由于 Semler调整了策略，公司的收入增加了，由此可推知，大家更加努力工作。故选 C。18A.perfect BwrongCwell Dlate解析：选 C 根据“peer pressure”可知，在这种环境下，如果有人不好好工作，其他人也不允许这种情况继续下去。故选 C，意为“出色地” 。19A.trouble BsituationCpressure Dsuffering解析：选 B 此处指“有人不好好工作”这种情况。故选 B，意为“情况，局面” 。20A.children
15、BteenagersCprofessors Dadults解析：选 D 由上文“Ricardo treats his workers like adults rather than children”可知，adult“成年人” ，符合题意。.阅读理解College is not just about studying, writing essays and burning the midnight oil in the library. Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses. Parties
16、 are social events for students to gather and chat with each other.Now lets follow a foreign friend to see what parties in the US are like. Get some inspiration to have fun with your friends in your new life.Drinking and music College parties in the US are always lacking in creativity and full of wi
17、ne and music. The basic form rarely changes drink until you cannot anymore and play loud music at an earthshaking volume. There is plenty of beer involved, and some mixed cocktails.5Creativity in dress The creativity comes in how parties are dressed up. Parties often have a specific theme, like a 90
18、s party or a sports party. At a 90s party, guests might show up dressed like oncefamous celebrities. At a sports party, guests might wear their favorite teams uniforms.Held in apartments The party is usually held in the apartment of a particular outgoing friend. Everyone will be invited, which means
19、 strangers will wander in and out of the apartment where you can get to know and make some new friends.Ugly sweater party On holidays, parties frequently take on a proper theme. A popular theme around Christmas is the ugly sweater party. The goal is to wear the ugliest sweater you can find, creating
20、 an atmosphere of fun.Whatever the occasion is, there will be no shortage of booze. If you are smart enough, you wont have so much as to lose your consciousness. Parties are always better when you can remember them the next day.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国大学里的派对。大学生活不仅有挑灯夜战的苦读，还应该有社交的乐趣。派对是交流、交友的一种方式。1Th
21、e author attaches importance to _ at the parties in colleges.Acreativity arising from inspirationBdrinking to your hearts contentCcommunication combined with funDdressing in a fancy style解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses.”可推知，作者认为交友和玩得开心是很必要的
22、，故选 C项。2The passage is probably written for _ in colleges.Athe freshmen Bthe party loversCthe graduates Dthe excellent students解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Get some inspiration to have fun with your friends in your new life.”可知，本文是针对开始新的大学校园生活的人，也就是大一的新生，故选 A项。3What does the underlined word “booze” in the
23、 last paragraph mean?AJuice. BAlcohol.CFood. DMusic.解析：选 B 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后两句“If you are smart enough . 6you can remember them the next day.”可知，作者建议在派对上不要喝太多的酒，不能失去意识，要保持清醒，由此可判断，booze 为“酒”的意思，故选 B项。4This passage introduces _.Awhat to wear at the US college partiesBhow much to drink at the US college
24、 partiesChow to make friends at the US collegesDparties of the US colleges解析：选 D 主旨大意题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段的第一句“Now lets follow a foreign friend to see what parties in the US are like.”可知，本文主要介绍了美国的大学的派对，故选 D项。加餐练(二) 第卷规范增分练.语法填空Would you like to explore (勘探) the oceans? Do you want to find _1_ life than
25、we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was “yes”. His career was a lifelong dream, and he is _2_ (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times.Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even _3_ a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, _4_ he got bored with school and began t
26、o cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally _5_ (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. He worked _6_ a breathing machin
27、e to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943.In 1948, Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship _7_ (help) with his dives. But he _8_ (n
28、eed) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of books. His films include TheSilentWorld (1956) and WorldWithoutSun (1966). One of his books is TheLivingSea (1963)In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, _9_ function was to further oceanic research
29、 and encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them.Cousteau won many honors for his work, _10_ (include) the Presidential 7Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 主 要 介 绍 了 法 国 著 名 的 海 洋 科 学 家 Cousteau的 相 关 情 况 。1more more . than . “比起更” 。2p
30、robably 他可能是近代最著名的海洋科学家。此处应用副词作状语。3as 甚至当他还是个孩子的时候，他就爱上了水。as 表示“在某一年龄段时” 。4but 根据语境可知，前后句是转折关系，应用 but。5was challenged 在那里，他最终受到了激励。由全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时；Cousteau 是被激励，故应用被动语态。6on work on sth. “努力改善(或完成)某事” 。7to help 他还买了一艘船来帮助他潜水。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。8needed 为了航行，他需要一种赚钱的途径。由前面的“bought”可知，应用一般过去时。9whose whose 引
31、导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰“function” 。10including Cousteau 赢得了很多荣誉，包括(including)总统自由勋章和 1989年获得的法国学术会员身份。.短文改错It was raining very heavily and roads are flooded. I know an elderly couple who stay in a tent making of plastic sheets. The old man begs or the old lady cooks from whatever he gets home. I thought a
32、bout their hard life and went their tent carrying some food on me. They both gratefully accepted them.The old lady asked me, “How did you come in such rains? Are you all right？” I was touch by her concern when she and her family were in so difficulty and facing hunger. Later my friends and I went wi
33、th supply to last them for some time in case of rain did not stop.答案：第一句：arewere第二句：makingmade第三句：orand/while第四句：在 went后加 to; onwith第五句：themit第八句：touchtouched; sosuch第九句：supplysupplies; 去掉 of.书面表达你们班将要举行一场主题班会，讨论的话题为“态度决定一切” 。请你用英语写一篇题为“Attitude is everything”的文章，就这个主题发表你的看法，并举一对比事例说明8不同的学习态度产生不同的结果
34、。注意：词数 100左右。Attitude is everything_参考范文：Attitude is everythingDifferent attitudes lead to different results. Those who take positive attitude towards work will be rewarded.Take Xiao Hua as an example. He is my classmate. Not only does he put his heart into study but he is also helpful both to teach
35、ers and students. So he has become a top student in our class, even in the grade. With his diligence and concentration, he is bound to succeed in entering his ideal university. However, Xiao Li, also my classmate, never cares about his study because he is addicted to playing games, he turns a deaf ear to the teachers advice. As a result, he falls far behind others in his study.In my opinion, attitude is everything. No matter what you do, you must do it well even if you may fail many times. Sooner or later you will be rewarded for your positive attitude towards your work or life.
