1、Page 1 of 8为什么要学小桥连接两岸。 我们用手连成一个圈圈。网络把世界各地都连接在一起。 电话把我们和爷爷奶奶外公外婆连接在一起。观察以上四幅图及其用处，这四种东西有什么共同的作用呢？相信聪明的你已经看出来了，他们都有连接作用，把两个或更多人或事物连接在一起。其实在语言里，我们也有这种起连接作用的词语，他们的名字叫连词。他们把词汇、短语、句子连接起来，形成了更为复杂，更为高级，更为美丽的句子。你能举个例子给老师吗？现在，我们就一起来学习一下连词吧！连词Page 2 of 8我要赶快学一、定义连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。二、连词的
2、分类连词分为并列连词和从属连词。（一）并列连词并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：1.表并列关系的 and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor 等。I like swimming, and my mother likes swimming, too.（连接两个句子）Both my mother and I like swimming. （连接两个并列关系的词语）Not only my mother but also I like swimming. （连接两个并列关系的词语）I want neither going to s
3、chool nor doing homework. （连接两个短语）2. 表选择关系的 or, eitheror 等。Do you like apples or bananas?Either you or Jack must come here tomorrow. 除了表示选择关系外，or 还有 “否则”之意。Hurry up, or youll be late for school.3. 表转折关系的 but, yet, while（然而）等。The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well. 这块表虽然便宜, 但走得很好。He said he was
4、our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。I am doing my homework, while Jean is busy playing games.4.表因果关系的 for, so 等。I had a fever yesterday, so I didnt want to do anything. He was late, for the traffic is always busy in the morning.注意：for 表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。Exercise 11. We bought Gra
5、nny a present, she didnt like it.A. but B. and C. or D. so 2. Run quickly, well miss the early train.Page 3 of 8A. and B. but C. so D. or3. Which would you like better, tea milk?- Tea, please.A. but B. and C. or D. with4. You must start right now, youll miss the train.A. for B. and C. so D. or5. I l
6、ike fish, chicken, eggs.A. and, and B. and, with C. /, and D. and, /6. I dont like reading _ watching TV. What about you? “I dont like reading all day, _I like watching TV plays.”A. and, but B. and, and C. or, and D. or, but7. My shoes are worn out, I need new ones.Aso Bif Cbecause Dand 8. Study har
7、d, _ you will pass the exam.A. so B. for C. but D. and9. Put on more clothes, _ youll catch cold.A. and B. for C. or D. but10. We didnt catch the train _ we left late.A. so B. because C. but D. though（二）从属连词从属连词用来引导名词从句和各类的状语从句。 1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1) 表示“当 时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的有 when, while, as, whenever。如
8、：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。(2) 表示“在之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有 before, after。如：Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。(3) 表示“
9、自从”或“ 直到” 的时间连词。主要的有 since, until, till。如：Shes been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。Hold on until I fetch help. 坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。Page 4 of 8(4) 表示“一就” 的时间连词。主要的有 as soon as, the moment, once, no soonerthan, hardlywhen 等。如：Ill let
10、you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。The moment I have finished Ill give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。(5) 表示“上次”、 “下次” 、 “每次”等的时间连词。主要的有 every time(每次) ，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次) ，any time(随时)，(the) last time( 上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill
11、 tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。注意：every time, each time, any time 前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time 中的冠词可以省略，而 the first time 中的冠词通常
12、不能省略。 2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有 if, unless, as so long as, in case 等。如：Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗你不介意吧?Dont come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话，否则你别来。As long as youre happy，it doesnt matter what you do. 只要你高兴，你做什么都没关系。In case it rains they will stay at home. 万一下雨，他们就呆在家里。 3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有
13、 in order that, so that, in case, for fear 等。如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear. 他提高了嗓音，以便每个人都能听见。Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。 4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 so that, sothat,
14、suchthat 等。如：I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去听演讲去得很早 , 所以找个好座位。I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大, 结果玻璃震破了。 5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 because, as, since 等。如：He distrusted
15、 me because I was new. 他不信任我，因为我是新来的。Page 5 of 8As you are sorry，Ill forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。Since weve no money, we cant buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。 6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever 等。如：Although they are twins, they lo
16、ok entirely different. 他们虽是双胞胎, 但是相貌却完全不同。I like her even though she can be annoying. 尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她。You wont move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头。Whatever you do, you must tell your mother. 不管你做什么都必须要告诉你妈妈。Whoever you are, you cant pass this way. 不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。Whenever I
17、 see him I speak to him. 每当我见到他，我都和他讲话。 7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 as, as if, as though 等。如：Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢 ?He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber. 他将铁棍折弯，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。 8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere 等。如：The c
18、hurch was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。Ill take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。Everywhere I go，I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。 9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 than 和 asas。如：She was now happier than she had ever been. 现在她比过去任何时候都快活。I glanced at my watch. It was
19、earlier than I thought. 我看了看表，时间比我想像的早。He doesnt work as hard as she does. 他工作不像她那样努力。 10. 引导名词从句的从属连词。主要有 that, whether, if 等，它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中 that 不仅没充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接作用；而 if, whether 虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否” 。如：He replied that he was going by train. 他回答说他将坐火车去。I wonder if its large
20、 enough. 我不知道它是否够大。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我为是否伤了她的感情而担心。Exercise 21. Ill give the book to him he comes back.Page 6 of 8A. since B. as soon as C. before D. until2. Dont cross the road the light turns green.A. when B. while C. until D. as3. Miss. Gao has been a teacher 1990.A. befo
21、re B. after C. since D. in4. We love spring there are beautiful flowers every where.A. though B. but C. or D. because5. Please leave 7:00, then youll be able to get there earlier.A. till, in B. from, / C. before, / D. behind, to6. The teacher didnt begin the lesson all the students stopped talking.A
22、. until B. after C. if D. because7. Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday she was ill.A. but B. until C. if D. because8. he is a child of six, he can read and write.A. Whose B. If C. Though D. Because9. Take this dictionary with you you may use it in class.A. when B. in order to C. but D. so that
23、10. she was not well, I decided to go without her.A. Though B. As C. When D. Because of我学了什么1. 连词起什么作用？2. 连词可分为哪两类？各举一例说明。3. 今天所学的连词里你觉得那种最难？Exercise 31. He ran_ fast _ he won the race.A. enough to B. so that C. tooto D. bothand2. He is only ten months. He can_ read _ write.A. eitheror B. neithernor
24、 C. bothand D. sothat3. She said she might come _ Saturday _ Sunday.A. neithernor B. eitheror C. tooto D. sothat4. It was already ten oclock _ we got to the museum this morning.A. that B. when C. if D. for5. That maths problem is _ difficult_ nobody can do it.A. tooto B. verythat C. sothat D. very b
25、utPage 7 of 86. Ill give her the message _ she comes back.A. since B. before C. until D. as soon as7. People often mistake us for each other_ we are twins.A. if B. when C. because D. after8. Are you sure _ Mr. Li will come to your birthday party?A. if B. that C. for D. when9. _ Lily _Lucy like singi
26、ng.A. Eitheror B. Neithernor C. Bothand D. Sothat10. Read the sentences slowly _ we can understand what you read.A. so that B. before C. until D. because11. Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise12. _ a difficult situation, so you
27、should send him a message and give him some advice.A. As he is in B. He is in C. Being in D. He being in13. She said she would work it out herself, _ ask me for help.A. and not to B. but not C. and prefer not D. rather than14. How can I wake up so early?Set the alarm at 5 oclock, _ youll make it.A.
28、but B. or C. and D. so15. For a person with reading habits, a printed page contains not only words _ ideas, thoughts and feelings.A. yet B. and C. or D. but16. Information technology is taught in most schools, _ we have entered the information society.A. so B. while C. still D. for17. English is und
29、erstood all over the world _ Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.A. while B. when C. if D. as18. I was on the point of going to bed _ Mr. Zhang rang.A. as B. when C. while D. and19. I asked him whether he had done all the work himself _ whether he had had any assistance.A. and B. but C. nor D. or20. _ I had walked for six hours, I was tired out.A. After B. Before C. When D. AsPage 8 of 8
