1、(1) think of 与 think about 等短语的区别：think of 表示“ 考虑、思念、认为、想起、建议”等； “think about”表示“看待、认为”；“think much /highly /a lot of”表示“高度评价”；“think over”表示“ 仔细考虑”；“think out”表示“想出” 。如：The headmaster thought highly of this boy. (校长高度地评价了这个男孩 ) / Were thinking of going to France for our holiday. (我们在考虑去法国度假的事情) / T
2、hink it over and you will have a way. (仔细考虑就有办法) / I cannot think of his name. I forgot it. (我想不起他的名字我忘了) / What do you think about his composition? Very good! (他的作文你觉得怎么样？ 很好。)（2）put 词组1.Put off 推迟，阻止，劝阻 2.Put across 解释清楚，说明 3.Put out 熄灭，公布，生产 4.Put down 记下，放下，镇压 5.Put over 解释清楚，说明 6. put aside 存钱7
3、. put away 放好，收起来;存钱 8. put an end to 结束 9. put back 把(钟)拨慢;推迟;阻碍 10. put down 扑灭，平息，镇压 ;放下 11. put forward 提出 12. put into 插入；译成 13. put off 延期，拖延 14. put on 上演; 穿戴 15. put on weight 长胖 16. put out 熄灭，扑灭 ; 伸出，拿出 17. put sb to bed 打发某人睡觉 18. put sb to the trouble of 麻烦某人做 20. put up 挂起，张贴 ; 举起，抬起;建造
4、,搭起;为某人提供膳宿 21. put up with 忍受，容忍 22. put one“s heart into 用心去做(3)turn1. turn on sth 打开，发动. 例子：Would you please turn the TV on? 能不能帮我把电视打开？ turn off sth 关闭 关掉. 与 turn on sth 用法一样。2. turn up sth 开大（一般情况下指调节音量大小，灯光明暗，或煤气大小等） ；出现。例 1：Turn the radio up please, I cant hear it clearly. 例 2. We settled to
5、meet at 7:30 at the cinima,but he didnt turn up.我们约好 7 点半在电影院见面 但是他没有出现。 例 3. turn down sth 关小；调低；拒绝。与 turn sth up 基本用法一样。例 1.So we have to turn down the other a little bit.我们必须把另一个麦克风也音量也调小一点。例 2. How can you turn down such a poor little girl.你怎么能拒绝这个可怜的小女孩呢？3.turn sb/sth away 解雇；避开；打发；转过脸。例 1.Some
6、 refugees were turned away. There were too many hungry mouths to feed already. 一些难民们被打发走了，因为需要提供食物的饥民太多了。例 2.The nursing school is forced to turn away some good teachers.护校被迫解雇了一些好的教师。4.turn ones back on 不理睬 例，He turned his back on me, no matter how hard I was crying.无论我哭的多么厉害，他都不理睬我。5. turn into 进入
7、；使变成，使成为。例 1,The reactants are going to turn into products.反应物将要变成生成物。例 2, How did you turn into such a unreasonable person! 你怎么变得这么不可理喻。6. turn in 转身进入；拐入；交出；举报；上床睡觉 例 1, Did you really turn in the Captain?真的是你举报的队长么？例 2. The exam is finished, please turn your papers in.考试结束了，请把考卷交上来。turn oneself i
8、n 自首7. turn against 对采取敌对态度；反对；背叛。例 1.Do you want me to turn against my own brother?你想让我背叛我的亲兄弟？例 2.Why did they suddenly turn again you?他们为什么突然反对你？8.take turns 依次，轮流。例. Lets take turns fill the bottles with water.我们来轮流把这些瓶子灌满水。9.turn back 折回；往回走。例. Suddenly, he turned back running to me.他突然转身跑向我。10
9、. turn sth over 运转；翻过来；仔细考虑,移交。 例 1.It is a chance to turn over a new leaf.这是一个重新开始的好机会。 （字面上解释为翻开新的一页)11.turn out 生产；驱逐；翻转；结果是。 。例 1.It didnt turn out well.结果并不太好；后来变得不来好。例 2. It didnt exactly turn out as I planned.结局并不是我计划的那样。12.turn around 转机；转变。例. I saved everybodys life, but he turned around an
10、d told everyone that he was the hero.我救了所有人的命，但是他却说他才是真正的英雄。(4)break breikn. 休息，中断；破裂处 vt. 打破，弄破；中断；弄坏；削弱 vi. 突变 过去式 broke 过去分词 broke 现在分词 broken 或 broke; break-ing break down 分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；制服 break even 不赚不赔；并列起跑；打成平手 break loose 挣脱，摆脱 break new ground 开辟新天地，开垦处女地 break off 折断；突然停止，暂停 break the dea
11、dlock 打破僵局 break the ice 打破沉默，打破僵局；破冰 break the record 打破纪录 break through 突破；突围；有重要创见breaking strength 裂断强度，抗断强度 breaking stress 致断应力；破坏应力(2) breaking test 破坏试验；断裂试验 break down 损坏；（将抗等）垮掉，崩溃 break in 非法闯入，强行进入 break off 中断，突然停止 ;折断 break out 逃脱，逃走；突然出现，爆发 break trough 突破，冲破；取得突破性成就 ;(日月)从(云层后) 出现 br
12、eak away from 摆脱, 从脱离 break into 闯入;突然起来 = burst into break out 爆发 (无被动) break up vt./vi. 把拆开/打碎 解散; 驱散 (使)关系破裂 终止;绝交1. break away (from)(1) 突然逃掉或离开。如：The thief broke away from the policeman. 小偷从警察那逃脱了。(2) 断绝往来，脱离。如：He broke away from all his old friends. 他同他所有的老朋友断绝了往来。(3) 改掉(旧习惯)，破除(旧作法 )。如：You mu
13、st break away from such habits. 你必须改掉那些习惯。2. break down (1) (机器、车辆等)坏了。如：The car broke down after an hours driving. 车子开了一个小时就坏了。(2) (计划、谈判等)失败。如：Our plans have broken down. 我们的计划已失败了。(3) (谈话、通讯等)中断。如：He broke down as he was singing. 他没唱完就突然停住了。(4) (健康、精神等)变坏。如：Her health broke down under the pressur
14、e of work. 工作的压力把他的身体弄垮了。3. break in (1) 突然进来，强行进入。如：He broke in and stole my money. 他闯进来偷了我的钱。(2) 插嘴，打岔。如：He broke in with some ideas of his own. 他插话谈了自己的一些想法。Please dont break in on our conversation. 请不要打断我们的谈话。The secretary broke in to say that a telegram had just arrived. 秘书插话说刚收到一个电报。注：以上用法的 br
15、eak in 通常是不及物的，但有时也用作及物动词，带宾语，表示：训练某人(物) ，使某人(物) 适应。如：He is breaking in the new man as a machine operator. 我在训练那个新工人操作机器。Two weeks in the new office should be enough to break you in. 在新办公室上两星期的班便足以让你适应了。4. break into(1) 强行进入。如：The thieves planned to break into a bank. 这些小偷计划闯银行。(2) 突然 起来。如：Hearing t
16、he news, she broke into tears. 听到这个消息，她就哭了起来。The man broke into a run when he saw the police. 那个人一看到警察，拨腿就跑。(3) 打断，插嘴。如：He broke into the discussion with a shout of warning. 他大声警告，打断了讨论。(4) 占用时间。如：Social activities break into my time. 社会活动占去了我的时间。注：break into 与 break in 的有时可表示相同的意思，但前者通常为及物的，后者通常为不及
17、物的。5. break off (1) 停止讲话。如：He broke off in the middle of a sentence. 他一句话没讲完就停住了。 (2) 暂停，休息。如：Lets break up for a rest. 我们休息一会儿吧。(3) (使) 折断。如：The mast has (been) broken off. 桅杆折断了。6. break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生或爆发。如：A fire broke out during the night. 夜间发生了火灾。The 2nd World War broke out in September, 1939
18、. 第二次世界大战爆发于 1939年 9 月。Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常发生在冬季。注：是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。7. break through 摘自 (1) 突破，有重要创见。如：Scientists say theyre beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. 科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。(2) 克服，征服。如：You must try to break through your shyness. 你必须要设法克服羞
19、怯。(3) 强行穿过 (进入)。如：The enemys defences were strong but our soldiers broke through. 敌人的防线很艰固，但仍为我军所突破。注：有时指太阳、月亮等从云层里出来。如：The sun broke through at last in the afternoon. 下午太阳终于从云层里钻了出来。8. break up (1) 解散，驱散。如：The police broke up the crowd (the meeting). 警察驱散了人群( 集会)。(2) (学校等) 放假。如：When do you break up
20、 for Christmas? 你们什么时候放圣诞节假? (3) 结束，破裂。如：The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样要过去了。Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。(4) 击碎，撞碎。如：The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。(5) 绝交。如：Shes just broken up with her boy-friend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。 有关于 take,get,put,go 的词组(5)take: take back 使吃惊，使困惑 take af
21、ter 与想像 take apart 拆卸 ，拆开 take as 把当作，认为 take away 减去 take back 收回(说错的话)；使回忆起 take down 拆卸 ，拆；记下，写下 take for 把认为是，把看成为 take in 接纳，接受；包括；领会，理解；欺骗 take off 脱下；起飞；匆匆离开 take on 开始雇用；呈现，具有；同较量，接受挑战；承担，从事 take out 带出去；除掉，毁掉；取得，办理； (on)对发泄 take over 接受，接管；承袭，借用 take to 对产生好感，开始喜欢；开始从事，形成 的习惯 take up 开始从事；把
22、继续下去；着手处理；占据；接受邀请；(on)与成为朋友(6)get：get around 四处走、消息传开 get at 到达 get away 逃脱 get back 回来 get down to 认真应付 get in 收获 get into 进入 get off 下车、出发 get on 上车、过日子 get out of 从出来 get over越过、爬过、克服困困难、完成工作 get through 通过、穿过、度过、接通电话get up 起床、骑上 get to 到达、与接触(7)put：put about 散布（消息） ；宣称 put across 解释；表达 put aside
23、 节省（钱、时间） ；储蓄；储存备用 put away 储存（钱） ；储存备用；吃掉；喝掉put back 拨回；向后移 put by 储蓄；储存备用；储存（钱）put down 写下；记下put down as 视为；看作 put down for 把（某人）列入（捐款人）名单 put down to 说因（某事）而起 put forward 提出（意见、建议） put in 打断；插嘴 put off 延期；推迟 put on 假装；伪装 ; 增加；添上; 穿上；戴上 put onto 向介绍；向提供（资料）?put out 熄灭；关熄；扑灭 put oneself out 费神；花工夫
24、put over 解释；说明；表达 put through 接通电话 put to 问（问题） ；提（建议）put together 商量 put up 举起；抬起；张开（伞）put up to 鼓动；唆使做put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦(8)go：go back on 违背(诺言等); 毁(约)go for 竭力想取得，喜爱，适用于 go in for 从事，致力，爱好；追求 go into 研究，调查，进入 go on 继续，发生；接近 go through 经历，详细检查；完成go with 伴随，与 协调；与持同一看法 go without 没有 也行 go against
25、反对；对不利 go after 追求/赶; 设法得到 go about 着手做，处理，忙于 go up 上升，增加，建起；(物价等) 上涨 go under 下沉，沉没；失败；破产go round/around 足够分配 ; (消息)流传 go over 检查，审查；复习，重温go out 外出；熄灭；走出(房间等)；罢工;公布，播出 go out of ones way 特别费心(做事 )go off 爆炸，发射；动身，离开；去世；go off with 拿去；抢走；拐走go down 下降，降低；被载入，传下去; (船等)下沉 go by 过去 go ahead 开始，前进；领先; 取得进
26、展 go at 攻击；着手/努力做 go along 进行，进展；(with) 赞同 go into action 开始行动 go together 相配；恋爱 go by 走过，放过；依照 go abroad 出国 go out of ones mind 变得神志不清(9)give 词组1. In those days，he used to give _ a part of his income to help his friend.2. Both sides argued with reason，and neither would give _.3. If they are burned，
27、they give _ poisonous gases.4. When they made ready to climb the next ridge（山脊） ，they found that their oxygen had given _.5. Both the man and horse gave _ after the long ride.6. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _ and the search stopped.7. Mary had to give _ her job after her marria
28、ge.8. 举行音乐会9. 演讲，做报告10. 给上课11. 给某人关于 的忠告key：1. give away 赠送，给予2. give in 投降，让步，屈服3. give off 发出，放出4. give out 用完，耗尽5. give out 力竭6. give up 放弃7. give up 辞去8. give a concert9. give a talk10. give lessons to11. give sb. some advice on give way (to)屈服；让步；坍塌；破裂； 重要性下降；被取代give off 发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等 )give onto
29、 面临；朝向 The door gives onto the garden.门开向花园。(= give on)give out 分发 to give out pamphlets 分发小册子 Give the money out to the children.把钱分给孩子们。用完，用尽 Our food supply at last give out.我们的食物终于用完了。His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。(= run out)停止，不动 The engine gave out.发动机停止了。公布，宣布；发表 It was given out that he was d
30、ead.他的死讯已经公布。发出（声音）The radio is giving out a signal.这收音机发出了一种信号。give over 停止（做） ；放弃I hope the rain will soon give over.我希望雨不久即停。Give over that crying!别再叫喊啦!交给，交付，交出We gave him over to the police.我们把他交给了警方。give over to（时间、地点） 专用于致力于；献身于；埋头于to give oneself over to ones work致力于工作(= give up to)give up on 不抱希望give it to sb. straight 痛骂某人；责备某人give (sb.) what for 痛骂某人；痛打某人give way (to)屈服；让步；坍塌；破裂； 重要性下降；被取代give off 发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等 )give onto 面临；朝向The door gives onto the garden.门开向花园。(= give on)
