1、强调句、It 的用法（一）强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把 is/ was 提到 it 前面。e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was
2、 it that you were born?4、强调句例句：针对 I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It w
3、as yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的 it 本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用 that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who 不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用 It was ，其余的时态用 It is 。（二）not until 句型的强调句1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分e.g. 普通句：He didnt go to be
4、d until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.2、注意：此句型只用 until，不用 till。但如果不是强调句型， till, until 可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that 后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。（三）谓语动词的强调1、It is/ was that 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词 do/ does 或did。e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。He did write
5、to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！2、注意：此种强调只用 do/ does 和 did ，没有别的形式；过去时用 did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 It 的用法（一）作人称代词1、it 代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it 代替前面的 cake）Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （
6、it 代替后面的 air）They say he has left town, but I dont believe it. （ it 代替前面 Theytown 分句中的情况）2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it 代替前面的 tree）The baby cried because it was hungry. （it 代替前面的 baby）3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。e.g. - Someone is knocking at th
7、e door, Peter. - Who is it? - Its me.- Who are singing? - It is the children.- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.4、it 与 one 的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但 it 用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。e.g. - Do you still have the bicycle? - No, I have sold it.- Is this k
8、nife yours? - No. It is Xiao Zhangs. Mine is the one on the desk.5、it 与 that 的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但 that 指同一类，并非同一个。e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it 指 the climate of South China）The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that 指 the climate）（二）作无人称代
9、词it 作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.). It is noon.It is a half hours walk to the factory. It is eighteen square metres in area.What does it matter?（三）作强调词，构成强调结构用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。” 在这个句型中， it 本身没有词
10、义。详见“一、强调句”。（四）引导词 it 作形式主语（宾语）为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词 it 与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。e.g. It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It 与 to go there on foot 之间夹有 takes half an hour四个词）We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it 与 that 从句中间夹有 strange）但有时 it 与所替代
11、部分之间并不夹有其它词。e.g. You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词 on 之后一般不直接接 that 引导的宾语从句。注意：it 不是多余的，不能当作错句）习题精选-It 用法:1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one解析 C.句中 like 为及物动词 ,后面需要跟宾语.而 like 之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it 可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate)和介词之后作笼统宾
12、语.2. He was nearly drowned once. When was ?was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This解析A. 第一空用 that 指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用 it 指代第一空的 that3. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which解析 B
13、此处 it 指代前面出现的 a new house. it 指代上文提到的同一事物,为特指;而 one 通常指代同类事物中的某一个.4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is解析 D 此处 it 用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人; 宾语从句应用陈述语序.5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B
14、. that C. there D. it解析 D 此处 it 用作形式主语.6. Mikes mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didnt help.A. he B. it C. she D. which解析 B 此处 it 用以指代前面的句子 ,可用 that 替换.7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.A. it B. there C. this D. that解析 B 考查固定句型 There is n
15、o need for sb to do sth8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.A. it B. this C. that D. him解析 A 此处 it 用作形式宾语.9. Do you like here?Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.A. this B. there C. that D. it解析 D 此处 it 泛指自然环境.10. B
16、ills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal, ?A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he 解析A 主语为 “ Bills aim”.11. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A. which B. As C. That D. It解析 B 非限制性定语从句中, as /which 均可指代整句话的内容,但 which
17、 只能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as 则位置灵活,译为 “正如”.12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A. because B. which C. since D. that解析 D 考查强调句型 .13. It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight
18、 that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go解析 C 考查 not until 结构强调句型.14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that解析 A 考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you
19、 are.A. one B. that C. what D. it解析 B 考查强调句型 .被强调部分是 not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾.练习1. My bike is missing. I cant find _ anywhere.A. one B. ones C. it D. that 2. - Whos that? - _ Professor Li.A. Thats B. Its C. Hes D. Thiss3. _ was Jane that
20、I saw in the library this morning.A. It B. He C. She D. That4. - Have you ever seen a whale alive? - Yes, Ive seen _.A. that B. it C. such D. one5. The color of my coat is different from _ of yours.A. this B. that C. it D. one6. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.A. It B. There C.
21、Those D. You7. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government.A. that B. this C. its D. it8. The climate of Shanghai is better than _ of Nanjing.A. that B. it C. which D. what9. _ four years since I joined the Army.A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is10. How long _ to finish the work?A. y
22、oull take B. youll take it C. will it take you D. will take you11. It was through Xiao Li _ I got to know Xiao Wang.A. who B. whom C. how D. that12. It was in the rice fields _ we had our league meeting.A. where B. that C. in which D. on which13. It was on October 1st _ new China was founded.A. whic
23、h B. when C. as D. that14. Was it because he was ill _ he asked for leave?A. and B. that C. thats D. so15. Mary speaks in a low voice; _ is difficult to know what she is saying.A. it B. that C. so D. she16. It was _ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.A. many years that B. many years before C. many years ago that D. many years when17. _ is not everybody _ can draw so well.A. It, all B. It, that C. There, who D. There, that18. So _ that no fish can live in it.A. shallow is the lake B. the lake is shallowC. shallow the lake is D. is the lake shallowKEY:15 CBADB 610 ADADC 1115 DBDBA 1618 CBA
