1、语法数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。基数词的构成1） 1-20 表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如 twenty-one;三位数如 one hundred and twenty-one, 百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加 and，如 1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用 thousand 计算,例如 1,4283 fourteen thousand two hu
2、ndred and eighty-three；如果需要表示千万和亿的话用 million 计算，如 2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred。 2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thous
3、ands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。Two _(hundred) of students took part in the sports meeting last week.解析：正确答案为 hundred. 前面出现具体数字，后面只能用 hundred，但是后面出现了 of, 很多学生会误写成 hundreds, 但是这边的 of 表示的范围，这句话的意思是：上周学生中的两百个人参加了运动会。3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他
4、才二十出头。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在 20 世纪 30 年代。数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如 five-year-old 和 five years old. 有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词；无连字符的在句中做表语，放在系动词后面。The five-year-old boy can dress himself.那个 5 岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。My son is a five-year-old boy.我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。基数词变序数词1）许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th 构成的，如 f
5、our / fourth，sixteen / sixteenth；twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾 y 改为ie，再加-th 构成。几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth 等。2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第 21)，thirty-sixth(第 36)，ninety-ninth(第 99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第 365)等。3）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时
6、，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：Today is my fathers fortieth birthday.4）序数词前一般要用定冠词 the，如果序数词前用 a 或 an 时，则表示“又一；再一”（没有具体范围的限制） 。如： Though he had failed twice, he wanted to try a third time. 尽管他已失败了两次，他还想再试一次。 数词的用法1） 时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five oclock, seven thirty, two to eight 等。2） 年，月，日的表示： “日月年或月日年” 。如，2009 年 5
7、 月 1 日在英语中可写为“May 1st，2009”或“1st May，2009” 。年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：五月八号 写作 May the eighth表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在 21 世纪 写作 in the twenty-first century.3） 分数 （1）分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如： one fifth 五分之一 one tenth 十分之一 （2）当分子大于 1 时，分母用序数词的复数。如： two thirds 三分之二 five eighths 八分之五 （3）当分子是 1 时，可以用 one 也可以用 a。如： a second =
8、 one second a third = one third （4）当分母是 2 和 4 时，分别可以用 half 和 quarter 代替。如： a half 二分之一 three quarters 四分之三 4）百分数 百分数用 percent 表示。如： forty percent 百分之四十 three percent 百分之三 5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1，the first lesson.6）与数词有关的钟点表达法顺读法（钟点十分钟） 如，4：30 four thirty4：15 four fif
9、teen倒读法（分钟+ to/past+ 钟点） 如，4:30 half past four4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past four7）.分数、百分数与主谓一致 分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Eighty percent of the students in our school come from Henan. 我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。 Three fourths of the students in my clas
10、s are interested in English. 我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。 Two thirds of the water on the earth is sea water. 地球上三分之二的水是海水。 巩固练习用英语写出下列数字300_ 500 _785_ 1000_5,129_ 16,431_ 100, 000_ 1,000,000_654,962_3,523,976_单项选择 1. Id like _bowls of noodles. One is for myself and the other two are for my parents. A. one, B.
11、two C. three D. four 2 _, you can work out the Maths problem easily. A. In this way B. On the way C. In the way D. On this way 3. I got a beautiful bike on _ birthday. I like it very much. A. fifteenth B, fifteen C, my fifteen D. my fifteenth 4. -Whats on the desk? - There _some books. A. be B. are
12、C. is D. am 5.-Hello, May I speak to David, please? -yes, _. A. I am David B. David, please C. my name is David D, this is David speaking 6. Ginas birthday is _the first of June. A. in B. on C. at D. for 7. Now, everybody, please turn to Page(页) _and look at the _picture. A. Fifth; five B Five; fift
13、h C Fifth; fifth; D Five; five 8: There are _students in our school. A. one thousand, nine hundred and forty-five B. one thousand, nine hundred and fourty five C. one thousand and nine hundred, forty five D. one thousand and nine hundred and forty-five 9. Eleven plus one is _. A. twelfth B twelve C.
14、 thirteen D. ten 10. Yesterday my teacher gave me _ on how to learn English. A, some advices B. many advices C. an advice D. some advice 综合练习一单项选择题1.During the seven-day May Day holiday, _ families went sightseeing.A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousands and thousands D. thousands of2. Ive read _ sport
15、s news about the F1 race today.A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of3. During World War II, a Jewish(犹太的) lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her _.A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth4. It is said that _ of the students like to help their parents with the housew
16、ork . A. three-fifths B. third-fifths C. thirds-fifth D. three-fifth5. We can see _ stars in the sky at night.A. a thousand of B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of6. It is reported that about _ of the customers want to buy products made in China.A. two-threes B. two-thirds C. second-three D.
17、two-third7. Now class, please open your books and turn to _.A. 32 pages B. page 32 C. 32nd page D. pages 328. A: How many people will come to Beijing for the Olympic Games in 2008?B: Its hard to say._ people, I think.A. Million of B. Millions of C. Two millions of D. Two million of9. A _ boy can sin
18、g the English song very well.A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-years-old D. fifth years old10. The old professor still works hard though he is _.A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty11. This classroom is _ ours.A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three t
19、imes as big as D. as big three times as1 2. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students.A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of13. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer.A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one and
20、half hour14.Dont worry. She can look after your pet_A. careful enough B. enough carefulC. carefully enough D. enough carefully15.Could you tell us how to read the number 18,306,211?A.eighteen million, three hundred and six thousands, two hundred elevenB.eighteen million, three hundred and six thousa
21、nd, two hundred and elevenC.eighteen millions, three hundred six thousands, two hundreds and elevenD.eighteen thousand, three hundred and six, two hundred eleven16.Shakespeare was born in _。A.1660s B.1660s C.the 1660s D.the 1660s17.Bill said they were going to have _ holiday。A.a two-weeks B.a two-we
22、ekC.two weeks D.two weeks18.Over _ of the articles on education have been published。A.two thirds B.two third C.seconds three D.seconds third19.My father left home at about _。A.six thirty B.thirty six C.thirty to six D.six past thirty20.We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes。A.twent
23、y-first B.twentieth-firstC.twenty-one D.twentieth-one21.Whats your room number?Its _。A.The 601 Room B.601 RoomC.The Room 601 D.Room 60122._ the students usually surf on the Internet and get information。A.60 percents of B.60 percentC.60 percent of D.60 percents23.Several _ new books were sold out las
24、t week。A.of thousand B.thousandsC.thousand of D.thousand24.Which is right?A.2009, June 25 B.25rd June, 2009C.June 25, 2009 D.June 25st, 200925.Tomorrow is my _ birthday。A.sixteen B.sixteenthC.the sixteenth D.the sixteen26.We have stayed at this school for _ 。Which following choice is wrong?A.two and
25、 a half years B.two years and a halfC.two years and half a year D .both A and B二、语法填空。 （每小题 1 分，共 10 分）Television has now come to every family. It has become a very important part in peoples life. School _1_ in the United States watch TV about twenty-five hours a week. Some parents feel that televis
26、ion is good _2_ their children because it helps them _3_ about their country and know what is happening in the world quickly. _4_ the help of some programmes of education, children do _5_ in school.Other parents do not let their children watch TV too often. They say the TV programmes sometimes are n
27、ot good and children can learn bad things from _6_.Man has invented _7_ things. The television is one of them. If it is _8_ planned, _9_ TV can be good for children. Of course children _10_ spend too much time on it. Do you agree?1. A. child B. childs C. children D. childes2. A. for B. at C. in D. o
28、n3. A. learning B. learns C. learned D. learn4. A. With B. In C. Under D. For5. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse6. A. them B. their C. themselves D. they7. A. much B. many C. a little D. few8. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless9. A. watches B. watchs C. watched D. watching10. A. cant B. ca
29、n C. may D. may not三、完形填空。 （每小题 1 分，共 10 分）There are many ways for us to reduce(减少) waste. For 1 , we can reduce paper and plastic bags. We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans(易拉罐) to make new things. Here are some useful ways to 2 waste.Write on 3 sides of paperMany people write on only on
30、e side of their paper. Why not stop wasting the other side? Some students only use half the pages of their 4 before getting new ones. Try to use up all the paper. People often give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about trying to 5 e-cards instead?Dont throw away your old batteries.Maybe you do
31、not know that old batteries make the earth 6 . This is because they have poisonous parts in them. So, dont throw away batteries. 7 them together. Try to use rechargeable(充电的) batteries for your games and CD players.Give off all your unwanted clothesThere are many poor families in China. You may ask
32、your mother to 8 your unwanted clothes. Then you can pass them on to those poor children. You will feel 9 that you are helping someone else. Also, you can ask 10 your friends or relatives(亲戚 ) want them before throwing them away.1. A. reason B. example C. use D. people2. A. produce B. protect C. red
33、uce D. pollute3. A. every B. both C. all D. one4. A. exercises B. schoolbags C. notebooks D. papers5. A. send B. buy C. receive D. waste6. A. dry B. rich C. clean D. dirty7. A. Throw B. Keep C. Try D. Lose8. A. like B. sell C. throw D. collect9. A. angry B. tired C. moved D. happy10. A. that B. if C
34、. though D. What四、阅读理解。AAn important question about eating out is who pays for the meal. If a friend of yours asks you to have lunch with him, you may say something like this, “Im afraid itll have to be someplace cheap, as I have little money.” The other person may say, “Ok, Ill meet you at McDonald
35、s.” This means that the two agree to go Dutch, that is, each person pays for himself. He may also say, “Oh, no, I want to take you to lunch at Smiths,” or “I want you to try the Chinese dumplings there. They are great.” This means the person wants to pay for both of you. If you feel friendly towards
36、 the person, you can go with him and you neednt pay for the meal. You may just say, “Thank you. That would be very nice.”American custom about who pays for dates (约会) are much the same as in other parts of the world. In the old days, American women wanted men to pay for all the meals. But, today, a
37、university girl or a woman in business world will usually pay her way during the day. If a man asks her for a dance outside the working hours, it means “Come, as my guest.” So as you can see, it is a polite thing to make the question clear at the very beginning.( ) 1. The passage tells us _.A. how t
38、o eat out B. where to eat out C. what to eat out D. who pays for the meal( ) 2. If you have little money,_.A. youll have a cheap meal B. youll borrow some from othersC. youll ask your friend to pay for your meal D. you will not want your friends to ask you to dinner( ) 3. “Go Dutch” in this passage
39、means _.A. 去饭馆 B. 就餐 C. 订餐 D. 各自付款( ) 4. Sometimes your friend takes you to lunch. It means _.A. hes going to lend you money to you B. hes going to pay for your mealC. hell be angry with you D. he cant understand you( ) 5. In America, some girls and women _now.A. ask men to pay for their meals B. tr
40、y to pay for the mens mealsC. try to pay for their own meals D. never have anything outsideBWith more and more cars on the road, the traffic jam(交通堵塞) will happen. How do we see this phenomenon(现象) and how can we solve the problem?We know that the traffic jam happen in many places, especially in big
41、 cities. What are the reasons for the problem? On one hand, some people think that they should have a car when they have enough money, and then its easy to go out and they can feel comfortable. On the other hand, a growing number of people hope to use their cars to show off (炫耀). Whats more(更重要的是),
42、years of research(研究) has shown that one of other reasons for the traffic jam is the driving habit. For example, many young people enjoy driving very fast, so they can feel excited. At last, most of them hardly care about the speed rules.At the same time, many governments are working at how to make
43、the traffic better. In my opinion, firstly, the governments should educate those people who have cars or plan to buy cars. The governments must make them know that the traffic jam is very serious, and set up a much more perfect traffic system to solve the traffic pressure.1. More and more cars can m
44、ake _.A. people not use other ways of transportation at allB. the traffic jam more seriousC. young people have a bad driving habitD. fewer speed rules2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the traffic jam?A. More and more people buy cars B. People have too much moneyC. Some people want to s
45、how off D. Some people dont have good driving habits3. In the writers opinion, which of the following about the governments is NOT right?A. They should educate the people who want to buy cars.B. They should set up a much more perfect traffic system.C. They shouldnt allow people to use cars to go to
46、work.D. They should make people know the problem of the traffic jam.4. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. those people who have cars or plan to buy carsB. the governments themselvesC. the young people who drive fastD. those people who have no cars5. The passage mainly ta
47、lks about _.A. different traffic problems B. reasons why people want to buy carsC. the traffic jam in some big cities D. the traffic jam, reasons for it and solutionsC根据以上信息填空，完成下列句子。 1. If you buy a pencil this week, you can save _than you will buy one next week. 2. If a textbook was sold at 15.00 dollars last week, and it is _now. 3. John paid _fo
