1、Unit I Tourism in China外汇收入 foreign exchange earning大幅度地 (increase, decrease) by a large margin名胜古迹 places of historic interests and scenic beauty / scenic spots and historic sites兵马俑 terracotta warriors and horses少数民族 ethnic minorities对有巨大吸引力 have a great appeal to故宫博物院 Palace Museum颐和园 Summer Pala
2、ce天坛 Temple of Heaven雍和宫 Lama Temple香山 Fragrant Hills故宫（紫禁城）Imperial Palace (Forbidden City)了解民情 to keep abreast of public feelings轿子 sedan chair烽火台 beacon tower战国时代 the Warring States Period阴（阳）历 lunar (solar) calendar嘉峪关 JiaYu pass渤海湾 Bohai Gulf流域面积 drainage area珠江 Pearl River世界七大奇观 Seven Wonders
3、of the World避暑胜地 summer resort占地面积达 cover/occupy an area of 有年历史 have a history of人民英雄纪念碑 the Monument of the Heroes of the PeopleUnit II Sports东亚病夫 the sick man of Asia奖牌榜 medal tally连续五次 five times in a row居民小区 residential community国际奥委会 International Olympic Committee历史悠久的 time-honored容纳名观众 accom
4、modatespectators高架人行道 elevated walkway综合体育馆 sports complex建筑面积 floor space发展体育运动，增强人民体质Promote physical culture and improve the peoples physical fitness为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland胜不骄，败不馁 Do not become cocky with success nor downcast over failure; Do not be dizzy with success, nor discoura
5、ged by defeat执行委员会 executive committee兴奋剂检测中心 drug-testing centre主队 home team客队 visiting team男子项目 mens event女子项目 womens event亚军 runner-up; silver medalist优秀选手 topnotch athlete田赛 field events竞赛 track events标枪 javelin throw(推) 铅球 shot put(掷) 铁饼 discus throw(掷) 链球 hammer throw自由体操 free exercise单杠 horiz
6、ontal bar双杠 parallel bar高低杠 uneven bars / high-low bars吊环 rings跳马 vaulting horse鞍马 pommel horse平衡木 balance beam自由泳 freestyle蛙泳 breaststroke仰泳 backstroke蝶泳 butterfly stoke蹼泳 fin swimming跳台跳水 platform diving跳板跳水 springboard diving皮划艇 kayak击剑 fencing速度滑冰 speed skating花样滑冰 figure skating黑马 dark horse排名第
7、 come/rank/finish + 序数词（不加the）e.g.: China came forth on the gold medal tally.The team finished second at the Womens World Cup.Unit III Education 多层次，多形式，学科门类基本齐全的高等教育体系。Higher education system which offers a complete range of subjects at various levels through diverse formats and media义务教育法 Law of C
8、ompulsory Education 未成年人保护法 Law of Protection of Minors灌输，教诲 to inculcate扫盲班 literacy class全面普及九年义务教育popularize nine-year compulsory education nationwide素质教育Essential-Quality-Oriented (EQO) Education全面提高国民素质和民族创新能力To improve the quality of the nation and enhance its innovative capacity培养社会公德 To fost
9、er a sense of public morals国家重点实验室 national key laboratories博士后流动站 Post-doctoral program现代远程教育 Modern distance education培育经济新的增长点Foster new growth points in the national economy授予硕士学位To confer masters (doctoral) degree on科教兴国战略The strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education教育要
10、面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来To gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future勤工俭学 work-study program美术学院 academy of fine arts在职进修班 in-service training course政治思想教育 Political and ideological education营造尊师重教，求知好学的社会氛围To create a social environment in which teachers are respected, and educat
11、ion is valued, knowledge sought and learning stressed.德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on ability and integrity中专 polytechnic school职业学院 vocational school为聋哑、弱智等残疾儿童开办的学校Special schools for the deaf-mutes and mentally disabled children附中 attached middle school自学考试 examination for
12、 the self-taught助教 teaching assistant辅导员 counselor必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 selective/optional course专业课 specialized course教学大纲 teaching program / syllabus学历 record of formal schooling学分制 the credit system毕业实习 graduation field work毕业设计 graduation project补考 make-up exam伙食费 board expenses住宿费 l
13、odging expenses伙食补助 food allowanceUnit IV Women and Children 半封建半殖民地的 semi-feudal and semi-colonial适应迅速变化的形势 to keep up with the changing circumstances自尊、自立、自信、自强 self-respect, self-reliance, self-confidence, self-development不懈的努力 sustained / unremitting efforts中国人民政治协商会议 Chinese Peoples Political C
14、onsultative Conference (CPPCC)体罚 corporal punishment 未成年人 minors 院士 academician 研究员 research fellow中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国工程院 Chinese Academy of Engineering德智体全面发展 moral, intellectual and physical development基层医务工作者 grass-roots health workers and medical staff聋哑和智残儿童 hearing-impaired an
15、d mentally challenged children进入科技前沿领域 have stepped into the frontiers of science and technology大男子主义 male chauvinism 贤妻良母 virtuous wife and good mother中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women妇女享有与男子平等的选举权和被选举权 Women have the same right as
16、 men to vote and to stand for election性骚扰 sexual harassment 一夫一妻制 monogamy 多配偶 polygamyUnit V The elderly and the family人口老龄化 aging of population可喜的 gratifying（工作、责任等）无法逃避的 unshirkable咨询辅导站 advisory and coaching centre道德标准 ethical code行为准则 code of conduct义不容辞的 duty-bound尊老爱幼 respecting the old and l
17、oving the young敬老院 home for the aged / elderly孝子，孝女 dutiful son / daughter媒人 match-maker直系血亲 lineal relative by blood旁系血亲 collateral relative by blood在责任与自身利益之间进退两难 To be torn between duty and self-interest取其精华，去其糟粕 select the essence and discard the drossUnit VI Population and Development 人均耕地占有量 p
18、er capita quantity of cultivated land直接关系到 have a direct bearing on分布不均 unevenly distributed人口稠密（稀少）densely (sparsely) populated摆脱贫穷落后 to be lifted out of poverty and backwardness扶贫款项 poverty alleviation funds考察 to go on an inspection tour人口负增长 negative population growth人口衰减 depopulation人口年轻化 rejuve
19、nation of population适婚年龄 marriageable age人工流产 induced abortion人口数量处在 the population hovers aroundUnit VII Chinas Minority Ethnic Groups出土文物 cultural relics unearthed发展中的，初展头角的 budding以的名义 in the name of考虑到 take account of扭转下降的趋势 reverse the downward trend实现抱负 realize ones aspiration统一的、多民族国家 a unifi
20、ed nation of many ethnic groups制造隔阂 foster estrangement (between)Unit VIII Religion非法剥夺 illegally / unlawfully deprive sb. of在宪法规定的范围内 within the scope of the Constitution极左分子 ultra-left extremist惯例 longstanding practice闲置资产 idle properties在可预见的未来 in the foreseeable future明确的职责 well-defined duties a
21、nd responsibilities宗教事务局 Bureau of Religious AffairsUnit IX Medicare 国家机关 state organs医疗资源的滥用 misuse of medical resources临床经验 clinical experience增强身体对疾病的抵抗力 build up the bodys resistance to diseases器官移植 organ transplant重症监护室 intensive care unit (ICU)陶冶性情 mold ones temperament改善环境卫生 improve environme
22、ntal sanitation综合医院 general hospital妇产医院 obstetrics and gynecology hospital耳鼻喉科 ENT (ear, nose, throat) department血库 blood bank住院部 inpatient dept.手术室 operation room主治医生 doctor / physician in charge护士长 head nurse产妇 expecting mother / lying-in woman急性病 acute disease慢性病 chronic disease顽症 stubborn disea
23、se地方病 endemic disease职业病 occupational disease风湿性关节炎 rheumatic arthritis流产（自然的） miscarriage伤寒 typhoid小儿麻痹症 infantile paralysis脑溢血 cerebral hemorrhage内服 to be taken orally外敷 for external application打针 to give/have an injection输血 blood transfusion输液 fluid infusion输氧 oxygen therapy止痛剂 pain-killer镇静药 sed
24、ative安眠药 sleeping pill草药 herbal medicine秘方 home prescription 偏方 folk prescriptionUnit X Industry工业产值 industrial output白手起家 start from scratch集成电路 integrated circuit现代企业制度 modern corporate system兼并 merger and acquisition装机容量 installed capacity机床 machine tool石油勘探 oil / petroleum prospecting试生产，试制 tria
25、l manufacture国际标准化组织 International Standards Organization 家用电器 home appliance销售网点 sales outlet节能冰箱 energy-saving refrigerator本地化 localization重工业 / 轻工业 heavy / light industry非国有企业 non-state enterprise中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise厂长 head of factory工业基地 industrial base
26、产权清晰，权责分明，政企分开，管理科学Clearly defined property rights, clearly specified power and responsibilities, separation from government as well as scientific management降低废品、次品数量 reduce the number of rejects and seconds次品 substandard / defective goods充分发挥现有设备的生产能力To use the existing equipment to its maximum cap
27、acity试产 trial production成品 finished product半成品 semi-finished product招标 call for / invite tenders生产指标 production target生产销售一体化 integration of production and marketing / vertical integration劳动密集型 labor-intensive知识密集型 knowledge-intensive资本密集型 capital-intensive上市 to go public ；get listedUnit XI Agricult
28、ure and Rural Economy 挫伤积极性 dampen enthusiasm耕作设备 farming equipment调动农民的积极性 rouse the enthusiasm of farmers卡路里摄入 calorie intake饮食习惯 / 结构 dietary habit / structure高蛋白、低脂肪 high protein, low fat主食 / 副食 staple food / non-staple food中低产田 medium and low-yielding land水利工程 water conservancy works灌溉面积 irriga
29、ted area开垦荒地 to reclaim waste land播种面积 sown area乡镇企业 township enterprise农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor达到峰值 peak at奶(乳)制品 dairy product繁琐的手续 overlaborate procedures科教兴农 invigorate agriculture through science, technology and education杂交水稻 hybrid rice粮食储备 grain reserves转基因的 transgenic； genetically modifie
30、d本息 principal and interest农、林、牧、副、渔全面发展 All-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations and fishery畜牧业 animal husbandry水产业 fishery粮食作物 grain crops经济作物 cash crops水土保持 water and soil conservation水土流失 water and soil erosionUnit XII Foreign Trade and Special Economic Z
31、ones对外承包工程和劳务合作 Contracted projects and labor service cooperation国际竞争力和抵御风险的能力 International competitiveness and ability to cope with risks资金的自由流动与优化配置 Free flow and optimized allocation of capital乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 Unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations, and random levies on enterprises公用事业 p
32、ublic utilities 关税 customs duty缔约方（签约各方） contracting party西电东送 west-east electricity transmission 西气东输 west-east gas transmission南水北调 south-north water diversion 一体化进程 integration process生产补贴 production subsidy遵守协议 comply with the agreement honor the contract自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism皮包公司 flyi
33、ng-by-night company无纸交易 paperless transaction适销对路的产品 readily marketable products营业税 turnover tax所有制形式 form of ownership公正合理 equitable and rational部长级会议 ministerial conference / meeting走良性发展的道路 go on the track of sound development龙头产品 flagship product股份制 stockholding system防伪标志 anti-fake label复合型人才 v
34、ersatile talent盘活存量资产 revitalize the stock assets风险基金 venture capital收支不平衡 disequilibria of balance of payment外资项目 foreign-funded project建立经常贸易关系 establish regular trade relations成交 strike a bargain互惠合同 reciprocal contract顺/逆差 favorable balance / unfavorable balance ； trade surplus / trade deficit加工
35、费 processing charges手续费 service charge现金交易 cash transaction赊账交易 credit transaction提货单 bill of ladingUnit XIII Science and Technology运载火箭 carrier rocket卫星发射中心 satellite launching center首次飞行 maiden flight跨越式发展 develop by leaps and bounds日食和月食 solar and lunar eclipses勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem人才交流中心 job
36、center符合国际通行规则 in compliance with international practices载人航天飞行 manned space flight海洋资源 marine resources试飞 testing flight彩排 dress rehearsal文字/图像处理软件 word / image processing softwareUnit XIV Economic Development and Reform中等发达国家 moderately developed country公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership生产资
37、料 means of production生产要素 factors of production生产力 productive forces第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry财税体制 fiscal and taxation systems社会分工 social division of labor国债 government bonds客运能力 passenger-carrying capacity磁悬浮技术 magnetic suspension technology盈利的/亏损的 profit-mak
38、ing / money-losing偷税，逃税 tax evasion / evade tax退税 tax rebate中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics逐步取消统购派购 phase out (government) assigned purchases坚持以经济建设为中心，用发展的办法解决前进中的问题 Keep economic development as the central task and solve problems cropping up on our way forward through development坚持
39、物质文明和精神文明两手抓 Attach equal importance to both material and spiritual civilization实行依法治国与以德治国相结合 to run the country by combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue开源节流 open up new sources of revenue and cut back on expenditureUnit XV Environmental Protection 二氧化硫 sulfur dioxide温室气体 greenhouse gas
40、植树节 arbor day眼前利益 immediate interests防洪设施 flood-control facilities配套政策 supporting policies沼气 marsh gas过度消耗自然资源 excessive consumption of natural resources自然保护区 nature reserve粉尘污染 dust pollution放射性污染 radioactive contamination森林覆盖率 percentage of forest coverUnit XVI Chinas Foreign Policy边界/领土争端 border
41、/ territorial disputes 诉诸武力 resort to force全方位的 all-dimensional 军备控制 arms control不以人们的意志为转移 Independent of peoples will 典范 role model求大同，存小异 seek common ground on major issues while putting aside minor differences求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences前事不忘，后事之师 The past, if not forgotten,
42、 can serve as a guide for the future.Unit VII Policies towards Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan 权宜之计 expedient measure合法继承权 legitimate right of inheritance百闻不如一见 seeing is believing换汤不换药 a change in form but not in content解铃须系铃人 whoever started the trouble should end it打开天窗说亮话 Lets not mince matters.言必信，
43、行必果 Promises must be kept and action must be resolute癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉 aspiring after the impossible一箭双雕 kill two birds with one stone时不待我 time and tide wait for no man熟能生巧 practice makes perfect王小二过年，一年不如一年 Things are going from bad to worse for (the company) with each passing year千里送鹅毛，礼轻情义重 The gift itsel
44、f may be light as a goose feather, but sent from afar, it conveys deep feeling.海内存知己，天涯若比例 A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.路遥知马力，日久见人心 As distance tests a horses strength, so time reveals a persons heart.Unit XVIII大受欢迎 to be well received龙袍 dragon robe头发上插的装饰 hair ornament诗经 The Book
45、of Songs三国演义The Romance of the Three Kingdoms水浒传 Outlaws / Heroes of the Marshes; All Men are Brothers红楼梦 A Dream of the Red Mansions梁山伯与祝英台Romance of the Butterflies清明上河图Riverside Scenes at Qingming Festival人物画 figure painting山水画 landscape painting油画 oil painting水彩画 watercolor painting走钢丝 Tightrope
46、 Walking花篮 floral basket / flower basket日常用品 articles of daily use年发行量 yearly circulation常驻记者 resident correspondent新闻出版署 Press and Publications Administration (of China)常用中译英词组之经济类1. 给 带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to 2. 给 带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on .3. 给予财政资
47、助 support financially4. 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for5. 开发 / 青睐中国市场 tap / favor the Chinese market6. 申请专利 apply for a patent7. 阻碍 的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development8. 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture9. 有望达到（上升到） be expected to reach (rise to, be up to)10. 造成很大压力 impose great pressure on11. 占领市场 10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market12. 缩小 间的距离 bridge the gap between13. 加快经济发展和结构调整 step
