1、11，少林寺导游词:ShaoLin MonasteryOk, ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention please? Well, I see, everyone of you is in pretty good shape today, right? I guess maybe you had sweet dreams last night. And now, let me tell you a good news, that is today we are going to visit a famous tourist attracti
2、on which you have been expecting for a long time. That is The Shao-lin Monastery.First let me give you some general ideas. The shaolin monastery was first completed in 495, during the reign of Northern Wei Dynasty. In 527, Bodhidharma, the disciple of Sakyamuni of the 28th generation came here to pr
3、actice Zen creed. As it was concealed in the thick woods of the shaoshi hill, it was given the name Shaolin Monastery meaning “temple in the woods of Shaoshi Hill”. As you know, the shaolin monastery is widely known not only for its ancient and mysterious Buddhist culture, but also for its martial a
4、rts, that is Kungfu in Chinese, which enjoys a tradition of some 2000 years. So thats the saying “Chinese Kungfu taking the first place under the heaven” and “the best kungfu originating from shaolin monastery.” In the year 2000, the temple sightseeing zone was designated to be one of the AAAA-grade
5、 tourist attraction of China by the National Tourism AdministrationPlease take your valuable things along with you and get ready to get off the bus.Well, here we are! Now were standing in front of the Front Gate Hall. Please look up at the plaque hanging above the lintel, and youll find the plaque b
6、ears three Chinese characters, Shaolin Si, the name of the tempel. This is said to be handwritten by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. This work is very precious because the emperor seldom wrote.Ok please follow me. Just now, we have visited the Front Gate Hall, steles, ginkgos, and the Hall of th
7、e Heavenly Kings, and now, we are just in the principal hall in the temple, the Hall of Mahavira. This hall is enshrined with three main Buddhas in the central part. They are Sakyamuni Buddha sitting in the middle and Pharmacist Buddha of the Eastern Glazed World and Amitabha Buddha from the Western
8、 Paradise sitting on both sides. Along the gable walls, sit 18 Buddhist Arhats, who were enlightened Buddhist monks. On both sides in front of the Hall of Mahavira, stand the Bell Tower and the Drum Tower symmetrically. They were rebuilt in 1994 used to report hours for the temple. Normally the bell
9、 is used in the morning, while the drum, in the afternoon, hence the saying “morning bell and afternoon drum”. In front of the Bell Tower is the stele called “the Stele of Li Shimin” telling the story about how the monks from the Shaolin Monastery rescued Prince Li Shimin from being pursued and atta
10、cked by Wang Shichong during the late Sui Dynasty. Li Shimin, who later became the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty wrote the inscriptions on the stele personally,and left with a signature of Shi min on the stele.Ok please come with me, we are going to the next hall. So now, the pavilion in front of us,
11、not like the Zangjing ge and the Abbots rooms we visited just now, enjoys a moving story. Its named Dharmas Pavilion or Lixue Pavilion, that is “Standing in the snow” in English. It says: After Boddhi Dharma came to China, many Chinese Buddhist believers wanted to be his followers, and Shengguang wa
12、s the most prominent of all of them. He always followed him whenever and wherever he went and served Dharma whole-heartedly. But Dharma didnt agree to accept Shengguang as a disciple. Shengguang didnt loose heart and became even more steadfast. On a snowy night, he begged as usual with Budhidharma o
13、utside, standing in the knee-high snow. The master set forward a prerequisite: he would not meet his demand unless it would snow in red flakes. Shengguang drew out the sword and cut off his left arm and stained the snowy ground. 2Bodhidharma was so moved that he passed his mantle, alms bowl and musi
14、cal instruments on to Shengguang and gave him a Buddhist name of Huike. He was regarded as the secend founder of the Zen sect. Emperor Qianlong wrote a phrase on a plaque in commemorationAlright everyone, now we are in the last hall, Pilu Hall, also called a Thousand Buddha Hall. Its also the larges
15、t structure of the Shaolin Monastery. This is just the highlights of the sightseeing zone. So until now, the visit in the Shaolin Monastery is almost over. I think you may have some questions about the temple, or you want to take some photos. So, please do remember, you have half an hour. After half
16、 an hour we will gather at the Front Gate Hall, and make sure youll be there on time. And then we are going to the Pagoda Forest. Thank you for your attention!2，少林寺:ShaoLin MonasteryShaolin Temple, in the region of Song Mountain, Dengfeng City, Henan Province, is reputed to be the Number One Temple
17、under Heaven. The temple is the cradle of the Chinese Zen Buddhism and the Shaolin Martial Arts such as Shaolin Cudgel（棍棒）. One can see wild flowers and pines on the mountain. With birds singing and a brook spattering, a beautiful scene full of life and vitality(活力) is revealed to the visitors.Shaol
18、in Temple embraces many exciting attractions, such as the Hall of Heavenly Kings (Tianwangdian), the Mahavira Hall (Daxiongbaodian=Great Hero), the Pagoda Forest, the Dharma Cave and the Shaolin Temple Martial Art Training Center. Visitors may follow the guide about the Shaolin Temple.First we see t
19、he Shanmen Hall(The Front Gate Hall). Hung on its top is a tablet reading Shaolin Temple. The tablet was inscribed by the Emperor Kangxi (1622 - 1723) during the Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911). Under the stairs of the hall crouches(蹲伏) two stone lions made in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The hall enshr
20、ines（祀奉） the Maitreya Buddha(摩珂迦叶). Two sides of the corridor behind the halls gate are paved with inscriptions on stone steles made during several different dynasties. Next we arrive at the Hall of Heavenly Kings. On both sides in front of the hall stand the statues of two guardian spirits of buddh
21、ist law known as Jinggang in China,nameed “Heng”, “Hha”.The gate of the hall is guarded by two figures depicting Vajra (Buddhist warrior attendants). Inside the hall are figures of the Four Heavenly Kings who are responsible for inspecting peoples behavior, helping the troubled, and blessing the peo
22、ple. Then we come to the Mahavira Hall(Daxiongbaodian=Great Hero). The complexs center is right before your eyes. Both important celebrations and regular prayers are held here. 18 Buddhist Arhats(罗汉) stand along the eastern and the southern walls of the hall. Buddhas of the Middle, East and West are
23、 enshrined in this hall, respectively Sakyamuni Buddha（婆娑世界的释迦牟尼）, Pharmacist Buddha（东方净琉璃世界的药师佛） and Amitabha Buddha（西方极乐世界的阿弥陀佛）. Figures of Kingnaro (紧那罗王=the founder of Shaolin Cudgel) and Dharma (the founder of Chinese Zen Buddhism) stand beside those three Buddhas, a placement which is very di
24、fferent from other Mahavira Halls. At the feet of the pillars（柱子） in this Mahavira Hall are stone lions（麒麟） that are more than one meter (about 3.33 feet) high. On the ground there are 48 small food-pits, 20 centimeters (about 7.87 inches) deep. It is said that they are the footprints left by monks
25、when they practiced Shaolin Martial Arts.Zhang jing ge used to be the libery of buddhist Scriptures（手稿、经文）.It was rebuilt in 1994.It is enshrined with a white-marble（白色大理石的） Buddha donated by a Buddhist from Burma(缅甸 ) in 1996.3The Dharmas Pavilion is enshrined with a bronze statue of Boddhi Dharma
26、in the middle and four other ancestors of Zen Buddhism on both sides. It is also named “Standing-in-Snow Pavilion”,which came into being after a moving story from Buddhist doctrine.Standing-in-Snow Pavilion.(story)Standing on both sides of the Dharmas Pavilion are the halls with a statue of Boddhisa
27、ttva Wenshu and Boddhisattva Puxian separately.The largest building the Pilu Hall,also called a Thousand Buddha Hall, is the last hall on the central axis of the temple.Unexpectedly, we come to the Pagoda Forest, a graveyard for Buddhist dignitaries（高僧） through the ages. On average, the pagodas are
28、less than 15 meters (about 49 feet) high. The layer and the shape of a pagoda depend on many factors, such as ones Buddhist status, attainment and prestige during his lifetime. The Pagoda Forest in Shaolin Temple is the largest of Chinas pagoda complexes.Outside the temple we continue walking to the
29、 northwest, and then we will take a look at two monasteries, named the Ancestors Monastery and the Second Ancestors Monastery. The first monastery is built by a Dharmas disciple to commemorate Dharmas nine years of meditation in a cave. It has a big hall supported by 16 stone pillars on whose shafts
30、（轴） are exquisitely （精巧地） carved warriors（勇士）, dancing dragons and phoenixes. The second monastery is a nursing home of the second ancestor Huike who cut his left arm in order to show his sincerity to study Buddhism from Dharma. In front of the monastery are four springs created by Dharma to help Hu
31、ike to fetch water easily. They are called Spring Zhuoxi and each has its own distinctive flavor.The cave we see next is the Dharma Cave. In this cave Dharma patiently faced the wall and meditated for 9 years. Finally, he reached the immortal（不朽的） spiritual state and created the Buddhist Zen. The ca
32、ve is seven meters deep (about 23 feet) and three meters high (about 9.8 feet). Many stone inscriptions are carved on both its sides. There is a Meditating Stone in the cave. It is said Dharmas shadow was reflected upon the stone and embedded on it because of the long time of his meditation facing t
33、he wall. Unfortunately the stone was ruined during the war.The Shaolin Temple Wushu (Martial Arts) Training Center comes last. Its perfect scenery makes it an ideal place for practicing the Chinese Shaolin Kung Fu. Shaolin monks have been practicing Kung Fu for over 1,500 years. The system was inven
34、ted by Dharma who taught the monks basic methods to improve their health and defend themselves. The Martial art performance shows the true Chinese Shaolin Kung Fu. For example, Tong Zi Gong, performed by teenagers, is a kind of martial art to train ones flexibility and strength.In a word, Shaolin Te
35、mple is worthy of a visit. It will give you a better understanding of Chinese Buddhism and the martial arts.42，殷墟遗址导游词：Yin Xu (Yin Ruins）In 1899, in Xiao Tun Village of Anyang City, Henan Province, villagers found many tortoise（龟） shells and bones carved with letters and symbols, which unveiled（显露）
36、to the world Yin Xu, an ancient city with a long history and splendid culture. Since then this place has become of great interest to worldwide archeologists, because those inscriptions have proved to be the earliest written characters of human beings, the Oracles. About 3,300 years ago, one emperor
37、of the Shang Dynasty (16th - 11th century BC) moved his capital city to Yin, which is todays Anyang city, and since then Yin has been the capital city for more than 250 years. Today Yin Xu has proved to be the earliest remains of an ancient capital city in written record. Covering a grand area of 24
38、 square kilometers (more than 9 square miles), Yin Xu had a palaces district, civil residences district, tombs district and workshops district, divided into two parts by the Heng river in the city. This rational layout clearly shows people a powerful country and a well-equipped ancient city. The lar
39、ge-scale excavation in Yin Xu has been continued since the last century. Besides the 150, 000 pieces of oracles, abundant bronze ware has been excavated, and among them, Simuwu Ding, a 4-legged bronze cooking vessel（器皿） is the biggest and heaviest bronze ware ever found worldwide. Apart from oracles
40、 and bronze ware, people have also excavated much pottery ware and jade. The excavation is still in progress and great discoveries come forth from time to time. Like a famous archeologist has said, in Yin Xu there are more treasures to be found. Because of its great value in not only the historical
41、relics of Chinese culture but also the human civilization of the whole world, Yin Xu topped the 100 Greatest Archeological Discoveries of China in the last century and it was listed in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (U
42、NESCO). Yin Xu is revealing its beauty to the world.Museum on Yin RuinsOK, everybody. Soon well get to the Museum on Yin Ruins, the best museum for the study of the Yin Shang Culture. Now please listen to me and Id like to take this opportunity to give you a brief introduction on it.As you know, Chi
43、na is one of the earliest countries to discover characters. As early as 4,000 years ago, people used bones or tortoise shells to record events of their social life. It is the earliest written form of language in the world. Today we call them the oracle bone inscriptions, which were first discovered
44、in the Yin Ruins. Speak of the Yin Ruins, it is at Xiaotun Village of Anyang City. In ancient times, Xiaotun was called Yin and it was the capital of the Shang Dynasty. So the period was also called Yin Shang. After the Yin had been overthrown, the city declined and the remains of it was later calle
45、d the Yin Ruins. The Yin Ruins is famous for three things,i.e.the oracle inscriptions, the bronze wares and the ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty.5Since the founding of new China, the Yin Ruins had been listed as the first group of cultural relics under national protection. In order to preserve i
46、ts culture, the government built “Garden of the Yin Ruins” on the site. Today the garden is divided into several sections with ancient objects on display. Next ,lets come to the main hall where the oracle inscriptions are exhibited. Ill talk something more about the oracle bone inscriptions. The ora
47、cle bone inscriptions were first discovered during the years of Emperor Guang Xu, in the Qing Dynasty. Then 15 important archaeological excavations were carried out within 10 years, and more than 16,000 pieces of bones and shells were found. But in the Shang Dynasty, they were used as divinations（预言
48、）, when people were very superstitious. The inscriptions cover a wide range of fields, such as sacrifice, wars, state affairs, weather, hunting, etc. Today, they provide important information for the study of the Shang Dynasty. And the study of the oracle bone inscriptions has become a new subject a
49、nd is getting more popular among people.Apart from the oracle bone inscriptions, bronze wares are another important part of the cultural relics discovered from the Ruins, which show that the technology of bronze casting reached its peak in the Shang Dynasty. The bronze wares include vessels, weapons,chariots and so on. Of all the unearthed wares, “Simuwu Ding” is the largest bronze ware in the world. It is elegant in appearance and intricately carved in patterns, showing the peak of bronze casting technology in the Shang Dynasty. Finally we come to the side o
