1、过去进行时,cook a meal at this time yesterday,Part2:Lets talk,was,ing,Lets talk,play football at four oclock last Friday,He play football at four oclock last Friday.,was,ing,Lets talk,He a horse at nine last Sunday.,was,ing,ride,rid,Lets talk,have a class yesterday afternoon,They a class yesterday aftern
2、oon.,were,have,ing,hav,write a letter when her mother came home,Lets talk,boat at ten oclock yesterday,Lets talk,1.意义：,2.构成：,3.标志词：,表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。,was/were +doing,否定式：,was/were not +doing,疑问式：,Was/Were doing?,at this/that time yesterday at 9:00 last nightwas/were doing when.did while,Part 3:Learn
3、ing The Past Continuous Tense,现在,将来,过去,B:I was leaving for school when Wenchuan Earthquake happened.,（一）过去进行时 的构成：,动词,was/were现在分词,1.昨天的这个时候我正在做 作业。,I was doing my homework at that time yesterday.,2.昨晚我一直在看电视。,I watched TV last night.,1.过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过 去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。,过去某一时刻,过去某一阶段内,（二):过去进行时的用法：,I
4、was watching TV last night.,强调过程,强调过去的事实,2.过去进行时可表示一个动作发生时，另一 个动作正在进行。,当我到家时，她正在做饭。,When (当 时侯) I came home, she was cooking dinner.,一般过去式,过去进行时,While (When)you were speaking to the teacher, I saw you.,1.你在和老师谈话时我看见了你。,3.过去进行时可表示一 个动作正在进行 另一个动作突然发生 。,（用一般过去式）,（用过去进行时）,while“当 时侯”和进行时连用并且连用 的动词要用付延续性
5、动词),4.过去进行时可表示两个动作同时进行.,While I was watching TV,my mother was cooking.,当我在看电视时，我母亲在做饭。,2.我正在做饭,就在那时她敲门了。,I was cooking when(就在那时)she knocked at the door.,when=and then就在那时 when当 时侯,（三）与过去进行时连用的时间状语有:,1.at this （that）time +过去时间 2.at ten oclock+过去时间 3.from 6 to 9+过去时间 4.those days 5.由when和while引导的一般过去
6、时的句子,Attention,when 和 while 的异同:1. 这两个词都有“当的时候”的意思。 2. when 既可指某一点时间，也可以指一段时间； while 强调一段时间， 所以从句的谓语动词常是延续性的。 3. 当 when 表示“在某一段时间里” 的意思时， 它可以代替while， 但while不能代替when.Eg： When I came home, she was cooking dinner.当我到家时，她正在做饭。While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。,Look and talk,The ra
7、bbit was jumping while the pig was dancing .,The boy was playing basketball when the teacher came in.,（四） 、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去进行时着重描述当时正在持续进 行的动作，它的特点是：暂时，持续 和未完成，强调过程；一般过去时表 示发生过的动作或存在的状态，即表 示动作发生过，或者已经结束了，强 调事实或结果。,1.She wrote a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信（信写完了）,2.She was writing a
8、letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。 （信不一定写完）,用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.I_ (play) computer games at ten last night. 2.Jims family _ (have) supper when I came in. 3.It _ (rain) hard at this time yesterday. 4.What _you _(do) while I_ (make) a model plane. 5.He _just _(leave) when the telephone rang. 6.
9、we _(have) a P.E class at four yesterday .,Was playing,Were having,Was raining,were,ding,Was making,was,leaving,Were having,过去将来时 Past Future Tense,【用法】 过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即:过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中,判断这种时态的依据是:要有表示过去的“动作”,而不是时间。,I heard that they were going to return toShanghai so
10、on. 我听说他们不久要回到上海。,【构成】 would/should + 动词原形 should主要用于主语是第一人称时;would可用于各种人称,He said he would go to the cinema tonight.,Mary told me she would go abroad next year.,I said I should learn French this year.,was/were going to + 动词原形,No one knew when he was going to come. 没有人知道他什么时候来。,She said she was goin
11、g to start off at once. 她说她将立即出发。,I was told that he was going to return home. 有人告诉我他准备回家。, come， go， leave， arrive， start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning. 他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she was coming to see me. 她告诉我她要来看我。, 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如： Whe
12、n she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard. 老师说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。,过去将来时典型错误例析,1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。 误：We didnt know whether he is going to speak at the meeting. 正：We didnt know whether he was going to sp
13、eak at the meeting. 析：该句主句为过去时，且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以从句要用过去将来时态。,2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。误：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up. 正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up. 析：在时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。,3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。 误：They said that they
14、 were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.,正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didnt rain the next Sunday.,析：在条件状语从句中，也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。,4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈，她要买一些书。 误：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.,正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her m
15、other that she would buy some books. 析：过去将来时可以由“助动词should/would+动词原形”构成，但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。,I. 选择填空 ( )1. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day.A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit ( )2. I hoped Tina _ to my bi
16、rthday party on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is comingC. will come D. was coming ( )3. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would takeC. takes D. will take,D,D,B,( )4. We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to grow B. were going to growC. wil
17、l grow D. have grown ( )5. She _ to work when the telephone rang.A. is going B. will go C. was going D. is to go,B,C,II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer. 2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year. 4.
18、The scientists said the worlds population _ (grow) slowly in future.,would visit,wouldnt stay,would come,would grow,过去完成时,一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点: 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 肯定/否定句：主语had / hadnt 过去分词 一般疑问句：Had 主语过去分词？ (Yes, 主语had. / No, 主语hadnt.)
19、特殊疑问句：疑问词had 主语过去分词？,例句： 在他们到达饭店之前，他们已经吃过早饭了。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 今天早上十点前她已经写完作文了。 She had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning.,二、过去完成时的判断依据: 1. 由时间状语来判定：一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： (1) by + 过去的时间点。如： 昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。 I had fin
20、ished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.,(2) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： 截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. (3) before + 过去的时间点。如： 上周三以前他们已经中了六百棵树了。 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.,2. 由“过去的过去”来判定：过去完成时表示“
21、过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： (1) 宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： 她说她以前看过这电影。She said that she had seen the film before.,(2) 状语从句中: 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： 当我到达
22、车站时，火车已经离开了。When I got to the station, the train had already left. 他完成作业以后，就上床睡觉了。After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.,注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如： 你来这儿之前在哪儿学习？Where did you study (had you studied) before you came here? 他关上
23、门，离开了教室。After he closed the door, he left the classroom.,(3) 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本，未能“ 我们原本希望你会来，但你没来。 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.,3. 根据上、下文来判定。 昨天我在街上见到了王涛，自从他来到北京后我们还没见过面。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadnt seen ea
24、ch other since he came to Beijing.,四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较： 到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 I have learned 1000 English words so far. 到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 I had learned 1000 Engl
25、ish words till then., Im sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。 Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes. 没什么，我只等了几分钟。（“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在） John returned home yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。 Where had he been? 他去哪儿了？（使用过去完成时是指约翰在 returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即“过去的过去”）,五、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的
26、状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点： 1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较： 他们昨天十点前就到车站了。 They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. 他们昨天十点到了车站。 They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.,2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如： She was very happy. Her whole family we
27、re pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.,3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before, after, as soon as引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如： 他进入房间，打开灯，看晚报。 He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper
28、. 我离开办公室前给她打了电话。 I (had) called her before I left the office.,Exercises: I. 翻译句子： 1. 到上个月底,你看了多少部英文电影? How many English films had you seen by the end of last month? 2. 今天上午十点钟前,他已完成了这项工作。 He had finished the work before ten oclock this morning. 3. 在我妈妈回来之前,我已经完成了作业。 I had already finished my homewor
29、k before my mother returned.,4. 我到运动场时,比赛已经开始了 The match had already begun when I got to the playground. 5. 八点钟,学生开始在田里劳动,这时雨已经停止,太阳出来了。 The students started working in the fields at eight oclock. The rain had stopped and the sun was shining. 6. 在我爸爸搬到这里之前,他已在学校工作五年了。 My father had worked in the sch
30、ool for five years before he moved here.,7. 昨天我看到了David。自离开学校以来,我们都没有见过面。 I saw David yesterday. We had not seen each other since we left school. 8. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 9. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He had served in the army for ten years before he retire
31、d last year.,10. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 11. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 12. 我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上火车。 I had hoped to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train.,13. 我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。 We had thought to return early bu
32、t they wouldnt let us go. 14. 我原以为我以前见过他。 I thought I had seen him before. 15.到他到来时，那人已经离开了。 By the time he arrived, the man had already left.,三、过去完成时的主要用法 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。如：我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”） When I woke up, it had stopped raining.,2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去
33、”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如： 他告诉我他写了一本新书。He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 ),3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already, yet, still, just, before, never 等时间副词及 by, before, until 等引导的短语或从句连用。 Grace来中国前在一所学校教了五年英语。 Before she came to China, Grace had taught E
34、nglish in a school for about five years.Peter十岁时就已经收集了三百多张中国邮票。 Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.,4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如： 到去年为止，他已经在这工厂工作二十年了。 By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. (had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能),
