1、.单词 A)根据英文解释及首字母写出单词。 1a_ a short story based on your personal experience 2a_ happening once a year 3w_ to see something happen, especially a crime or an accident, because you are present when it happens 4p_ to stop speaking or doing something for a short time before starting again,5d_ to pull someo
2、ne or something along the ground, often because they are too heavy to carry 6u_ to strongly advise someone to do sth. 7a_ to leave someone, especially someone you are responsible for,B)根据词性和汉语意思写出单词，并进行拓展。 8_(prep.) 在对面 (adj.) 相对的；相反的_(n.) 反对；反抗 9_(vi.) 逃避；逃跑(vt.)逃离_(过去式)_(过去分词) 10_(n.) 深(度)；深处_(adj
3、.) 深的_(v.) 加深,答案：1.anecdote 2.annual 3.witness 4.pause 5.drag 6urge 7.abandon 8.opposite; opposition 9.flee; fled; fled 10.depth; deep; deepen,.短语 1hear_ 听说 2_the/that time 在那时 3_ones own eyes 亲眼 4be about_. 即将做 5race_追赶 6ahead_在前面 7help(.)_ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危险 8hold_ 举起 9_the meantime 同时,答案：1.of 2.at 3.w
4、ith 4.to do 5.after 6.of 7.out 8up 9.in,.语篇导读 请根据课文内容在下表中填入最恰当的词。注意：每空一词。,答案：1.witnessed 2.catch 3.bay 4.shore 5.pausing 6.led 7.lips 8.attacked 9.protected 10.held,1witness n. & v. 1)n. 证人，目击者；证据，证明，证词 He is a witness of the accident. 他是事件的目击者。 She is a living witness to my honesty. 对于我的诚实，她是个活生生的证
5、人。 2)vt. & vi. 目击；为作证，证明，表明 He witnessed the accident. 他亲眼看见了那起意外事故。 Many people witnessed to the events of that evening. 很多人作证，证明那天傍晚发生的事件。,知识拓展 (1)be a witness to. 是的目击者 (2)bear witness to/of.做的证人/证据 (3)give witness on behalf of. 替作证 (4)witness for.为作证,知识运用 (1)(福建省泉州市2010届高三3月质量检查)Recent years hav
6、e_rapid changes of my hometown. Yes, I could hardly recognize it when I arrived yesterday. Awatched Bcontributed Cwitnessed Dmade,答案：C 本题题意：“近年来我的家乡变化很快。”“对呀，昨天来到这里时，我几乎认不出来了。”witness表示“是发生的地点(或时间、组织等)；见证”。注意，动词see也具有相同的用法。,(2)She witnessed_that man had taken the money. Ato see Bseeing Cto seeing Do
7、f seeing 答案：C witness“为作证；证明”，其后接介词to，因此要接动名词作其宾语。,2shore n. 岸，滨 He tried his best to swim from the ship to the shore. 他竭尽全力从船边游到了岸边。 The sailor was held up while he was on shore. 那个水手在岸上遭到了抢劫。知识拓展 (1)on the shore 在海岸 (2)go on shore 上岸,词语辨析 shore, beach, coast, seaside与bank 这些名词均含有“岸”之意。,(1)shore指紧靠
8、大湖泊或海洋的陆地边缘或靠海的休养地。 After swimming for an hour, he finally gained the shore. 他游了一小时以后，终于到达岸边。 (2)beach指倾斜度小，被海、湖或河水冲刷而有沙或卵石积存的地方，通常指shore的倾斜部分。 Some people like to lie on the beach, but I prefer sightseeing. 有些人喜欢躺在海滩上，而我则宁愿去游览观光。,(3)coast地理学上的名词，专指被视为边界的沿海陆地的尽头(即：临近海洋的较宽范围的地域，近海，但不一定在海边)。 He is goi
9、ng to live by the coast for the sake of his health. 他为了自己的健康，打算到海滨地区去居住。 (4)seaside尤指疗养地、游览地区的海边。 We are going to the seaside for our holiday. 我们打算去海滨度假。,(5)bank 多指有一定坡度的河岸、湖岸或堤岸。 That big tree on the bank of the river might afford us shelter from the rain. 河岸上那棵大树也许可供我们避雨。,知识运用 (1)完成句子 He often wal
10、ked on the_collecting shells. 他常在海滨散步采集贝壳。 Her parents live on the south_. 她父母住在南方沿海地区。 We are taking the children to the_on Friday. 我们星期五要带孩子们到海滨去。 We spent the whole day lying on the_. 我们躺在沙滩上消磨了一整天。,(2)This island is two miles_shore. Aon Bin Cat Doff 答案：(1)shore coast seaside beach (2)D 本题题意：这座岛屿
11、离海岸两英里。on the shore表示“在海岸上”，不合题意；off shore意为“远离海岸”。,3opposite 1)n. 相反的人或物，对立面 I thought she would be small and pretty but shes the complete opposite. 我原以为她娇小漂亮，但是她恰恰相反。 Light is the opposite of heavy. 轻是重的反义词。,2)adj. 相反的；对面的；完全不同的 I could see smoke coming from the windows of the house opposite. 我可以看
12、见烟从对面的窗户里冒出来。 The opposite approach is to use a bilingual dictionary. 另一种截然不同的方法就是使用一部双语词典。 They sat at opposite ends of the table. 他们坐在桌子相对的两端。,3)adv. 在对面 There is a couple living opposite. 一对夫妇住在对面。 The woman sitting opposite is a detective. 坐在对面的那个女的是个侦探。 4)prep. 与相对，在对面 I sat opposite him during
13、 the meal. 吃饭的时候我坐在他的对面。 The bank is opposite the supermarket. 那家银行在超市对面。,知识运用 (1)I thought the medicine would make him sleep, but it had the_effect. Abetter Beffective Copposite Dbasic 答案：C 本题题意：我原以为这药能使他睡着，但是结果相反。从but来判断，可知这药没有使他入睡。,(2)The buses went in_directionsone went south and the other went
14、north. Acontrary Bopposite Cadverse Dupanddown 答案：B 本题题意：这两辆公共汽车朝相反的方向开，一辆向南，一辆向北。in opposite directions表示“朝相对的方向”。注意，opposite, contrary这两个形容词均含“相反的，对立的”之意。opposite指位置、方向、行动或想法等完全相反。contrary一般指与某种主张、看法或行为等正好相反，隐含否定一方并不意味着肯定另一方的意味。例如：My sisters taste in dresses is contrary to my own. 在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全
15、不同。,4yell vi. 大叫；呼喊 n. 叫声；喊声 She yelled at the child to get down from the wall. 她喊着让小孩从墙上下来。 She let out a yell when she saw me. 她见到我大叫了一声。,知识拓展 (1)yell(out)at 对号叫；对喊叫 (2)yell(out)in/with sth. 因某事叫喊起来 (3)yell at sb. about/for sth. 叫喊着对某人说某事 (4)yell(out)sth. at sb. 对某人大嚷大叫着说某事,词语辨析 yell, call, cry, s
16、hout, roar与scream 这些动词的共同含义是“喊”或“叫”。 (1)yell多指求援、鼓励时的呼叫。也可指因外界因素刺激而发出尖厉的声音。 The lost man yelled, hoping someone in the woods would hear him. 迷路的人大声喊叫着，希望林子里的人会听见。 (2)call 指大声说话或喊叫，以引起某人的注意。 He called to me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面喊我。,(3)cry 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫。 She cried with grief when
17、 she heard news of her friends death. 听到朋友死亡的消息，她难过地哭了。 (4)shout 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、发命令或唤起注意等。 I had to shout to make myself heard. 我得大声嚷， 否则根本听不见我的声音。,(5)roar 指发出大而深沉的声音、吼叫或咆哮。 In less than a minute, the motorboat roared past them only a few feet away. 不到一分钟的功夫，汽艇在离他们仅几英尺的地方咆哮而过。 (6)scream 指因恐惧、快乐或痛
18、苦而发出尖叫声。 The baby woke up screaming. 那婴儿醒来时尖声哭叫。,知识运用 采用yell, call , cry, shout, roar或scream的适当形式填空： (1)I dont like our teacher; hes always_at us. (2)Why didnt you come when I_your name? (3)Day and night heavy trucks_past their houses. (4)She_in pain when her tooth was pulled out. (5)The fans_with e
19、xcitement when they saw him. (6)We_together for our team.,答案： (1) shouting/roaring 本题题意：我不喜欢我们的老师， 他动不动就大声说我们。 (2) called 本题题意：我喊你名字的时候， 你为什么不来？ (3) roared 本题题意：重型卡车日夜不停地从他们家呼啸而过。 (4) cried/shouted/screamed 本题题意：她拔牙时痛得叫了起来。,(5) screamed 本题题意：球迷一看见他都激动得大喊大叫。 (6) yelled 本题题意：我们一起为我们的队大喊加油。,5flee vt. &
20、 vi. 逃跑，逃走，消失 The cat fled from the dog. 猫从狗那里逃走了。 He was to flee his native village to join the rebel army. 他被迫逃离家乡参加了叛军。 Time fled fast. 时光飞逝。,词语辨析 flee, escape (1)flee侧重指逃走的急速和仓猝，结果不一定成功。 The frightened people fled from the fire. 人们惊恐万状地逃离了火灾现场。 (2)escape表示“逃脱；逃离；仓皇而逃”，暗示成功逃脱。 I showed him the ru
21、ins of our boat, which we lost when we escaped. 我把那只小艇的残骸指给他看，也就是我们逃命时翻掉的那只小艇。,知识运用 (1)句子改错 She tried fleeing from the country but was stopped at the airport. _ (2)完成句子 他从那个国家逃跑了。 He_that country. He_from that country. He_ _from that country.,答案：(1)fleeing改为to flee (2)fled fled/escaped ran away,6dra
22、g v. 拖，拉，拽；缓慢而费力地移动 The horse was dragging a heavy load. 马拖拽着重载。 They dragged the secret out of me. 他们从我口里逼出秘密。 I managed to drag myself out of bed. 我总算硬撑着从床上爬了起来。 We dragged the fallen tree from the road. 我们把倒下的树从路上拖走。,知识拓展 (1)drag in 扯进来 (2)drag sb. down 使某人沮丧 (3)drag ones feet 拖着脚步走,词语辨析 drag, pu
23、ll与draw 这组动词都可以表示“拉、拖、拽”的意思。,(1)drag指沿斜坡而上或水平方向缓慢地拖或拉十分沉重的人或物。作借喻时可指把人硬拉扯过来。 We dragged the fallen tree clear of the road. 我们把倒下的树从路上拖走。 (2)pull最普通用词，包含本组其它各词的一些意思，可指朝各个方向拉，侧重一时或突然拉动的动作。 He caught hold of Mary by the neck, and pulled her to the door. 他扭住玛丽的脖子把她拖到门口。,(3)draw指将人或物朝出力者的方向拖，不涉及力的大小，含平稳意
24、味，常作借喻用。 Draw your chair up to the table. 把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边。,知识运用 (1)采用drag, pull或 draw的适当形式填空： She_his sleeve to get his attention. The policemen_the murderer into their car and drove away. His life was_peacefully to its close. Her shouts_the attention of the police. Fred_his sisters hair and made her cr
25、y. The cat was_its broken leg.,答案： pulled 本题题意：她拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。 dragged 本题题意：警察把杀人犯拽进车里开走了。 drawing 本题题意：他的生命正平静地走向结束。 drew 本题题意：她的喊叫引起了警察的注意。 pulled 本题题意：弗雷德揪他妹妹的头发，把她弄哭了。 dragging 本题题意：那只猫拖着断腿吃力地走。,(2)用适当的介词或副词填空： Your work has been dragging_others recently. Why must you drag this subject_when we ar
26、e talking? The meeting dragged_without reaching any conclusion. Hot weather always drags me_. Must you drag politics_everything? 答案：behind in on down in/into,7urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 She urged him to stay. 她力劝他留下。 He urged that a referendum should be held by December. 他力主十二月之前举行一次全民投票。,知识拓展 (1)urge sb.
27、to do sth. 要求某人做某事 (2)urge sb. into doing sth. 要求某人做某事 (3)urge sth. on/upon sb. 向某人强调某事,词语辨析 urge, persuade, convince与advise 这些动词均有“劝说，劝导，劝诱”之意。 (1)urge 语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。 We urged her to reconsider the offer, but she refused. 我们竭力地怂恿她再一次地考虑这个提议，但她拒绝了。,(2)persuade普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。persuade
28、强调“劝说”已收到成效。 By convincing me that no good could come of staying, he persuaded me to leave. 通过让我确信留下来没有好处，他说服我离开了。 (3)convince指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。 What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票？,(4)advise 并不涉及是否有成效，甚至很可能是说而不服。 We advised that they should start early/advised them to start ear
29、ly. 我们建议他们(应该)及早开始。,知识运用 (1)The captain urged that the mission_before dark. Amust be finished Bbe finished Cought to be finished Dwas finished 答案：B 本题题意：船长催促这项任务要在天黑前完成。urge后面的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气。,(2)采用persuade, urge, convince或advise的适当形式填空： It is easy for you to_， but difficult to take advice from others.
30、He has repeatedly_the government to do something about this. At last she managed to_him to do this, but she was afraid that he might not be able to enjoy his vacation quietly. She needed to find a way to_Michel he was wrong.,答案： advise 本题题意：劝告别人容易， 接受劝告就难了。 urged 本题题意：他不停地催促政府处理此事。 persuade 本题题意：最后，
31、她说服了丈夫去休假，可她又担心她的丈夫不能好好地享受他的假期。 convince 本题题意：她需要想办法使米歇尔相信他错了。,8abandon vt. 1)(不顾责任、义务等)离弃；抛弃；遗弃 The baby is abandoned by its mother. 这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。 2)不得已而放弃；舍弃 He gave the order to abandon the ship. 他下令弃船。 3)中止；放弃；不再有 They had to abandon the match because of rain. 因为下雨，他们只好停止了比赛。,知识拓展 abandon oneself
32、to 陷于；沉湎于(某种情感) He abandoned himself to despair. 他陷于绝望。,词语辨析 abandon, desert与quit (1)abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。 She abandoned her child. 她遗弃了她的孩子。 (2)desert强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。 The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那个士兵叛国助敌。 (3)quit强调“突然弃去”；常指“停止”。 She quitted her job.
33、 她放弃了自己的工作。,知识运用 The project had to be_largely due to a lack of funds. Areplaced Babandoned Caccused Dequipped 答案：B 本题题意：因缺少资金(我们)不得不放弃这个工程。replace“代替”；abandon“放弃”；accuse“控告”；equip“配备，装备”。,1sort out 1)分类 The child was sorting out the bricks into different colors. 那孩子在把砖分成不同的颜色种类。 2)解决，澄清 Youll have
34、to sort out your differences yourselves. 你们得自己解决你们的分歧。,3)整顿(人员等) That school was sorted out in a matter of two months. 那所学校仅用了两个月的时间就整顿好了。 4)惩处；惩罚 If you dont stop fighting, I shall come and sort you out. 你们要是继续打架，我就要出来惩治你们了。,知识运用 _things you want to keep and throw everything else away. APick out BS
35、ort out CWork out DFigure out 答案：B 本题题意：把你要保存的东西挑选出来，其余的扔掉。sort out表示“分类，整理”，其同义词为sort through(查看并挑选出)。,2in time 1)in time(for sth./to do sth.)来得及；及时 The ambulance got there just in time(to save the patients life.) 救护车正好及时赶到那儿(救了那个病人的命)。 Will we be in time for the six oclock train? 我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗？
36、,2)迟早；最后；终于 If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。 Youll get used to the weather in Nanjing in time. 你迟早会适应南京的气候的。,知识拓展 (1)in no time 立刻；马上 (2)in good time 及早；有足够的时间,知识运用 Fred and Jim did not like each other at first, but_they became friends. Aon time Bin step Cin time Don aver
37、age 答案：C 本题题意：弗雷德和吉姆开始互不喜欢，可是最终他们成了好朋友。in time表示“最后；终于”。,3help out(of)帮助克服困难，帮助从里面出来 Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？ He helped the old man out of the car. 他帮助那个老人从车里出来。 知识拓展 (1)help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 (2)help sb.(to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事 (3)help oneself to 请自己动手，请随便用 (4)cant h
38、elp doing sth. 禁不住做某事,知识运用 完成句子 (1)他帮我学英语。 He_me_my English. (2)请随便吃些鱼。 _ _ _some fish. (3)On hearing the joke, they_ _ _(忍不住笑了) 答案：(1)helped; with (2)Help yourself to (3)couldnt help laughing,4hold up 1)举起；抬起；搀扶；支撑 He held up his hand to show that he had a question. 他举手表示有问题。 2)支持住；承受住；支撑得住 The cha
39、ir was too weak to hold you up. 这椅子不牢，经受不住你的体重。 3)延迟；阻碍 Work on the building site has been held up by bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，建筑工地上的作业被延误了。,4)提出(作出榜样)；举出(例子) Shes always holding up her children as models of good behaviour. 她总是举例说自己的孩子表现如何好。,知识拓展 (1)hold back阻止；抑制；隐瞒(消息等)；扣住 (2)hold off(使)疏远或避开；拖延；推迟 (3)
40、hold on 继续；抓住不放；坚持；(打电话)不挂断 (4)hold out 伸出；提出；坚持，不退让；忍受,知识运用 (1)We were_for nearly an hour on our way by the traffic accident. Aheld off Bheld on Cheld up Dheld out 答案：C 本题题意：我们在路上被交通事故耽搁了近一个小时。hold up表示“延迟；阻碍”。,(2)采用适当的介词或副词填空： He asked me to hold_while he left the telephone to find a pencil. She w
41、as holding_an umbrella when I saw her in the street. Jim was able to hold_his anger. As so many different ideas were put forward, they had to hold_making the desicion there and then. Ill stay in Mexico as long as my money holds_. 答案：(1)on (2)up (3)back (4)off (5)out,It was a time when the killer wha
42、les, or“killers”as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时期，虎鲸(那时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。,知识剖析 1)a time表示(或长或短的)一段时间 There was a time when he was often late for school. 有一个时期，他上学经常迟到。 His injuries will take a long time to heal. 他的伤
43、需要很长时间才能好。 His parents died a long time ago. 他的父母很早以前就去世了。 2)本句中，when引导了一个定语从句，修饰a time。 Id rather you came to see me next Sunday, when I will be free. 我宁愿你下周日来看我，那时我有时间。,知识运用 (1)We are living at a time_machines do work which men used to do. Awhen Bthat Cwhile Das 答案：A 本题题意：我们正生活在机器做着本来由人做的工作的时代。当先行词为a time时，定语从句通常采用关系副词when引导。,(2)This is the first time in his life_he has climbed Mount Tai. Athat Bwhen Cas Dwhich 答案：A 本题题意：这是他有生以来第一次登泰山。当先行词为the first time, the last time等时，定语从句的引导词用that而不用when。,
