1、第 1 页 共 2 页初中重点语法 There be 句型全解析1. 定义：There be 句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. 结构：(1) There is/was +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are/were +复数名词+地点状语.there 是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词 be 要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and
2、 many students in our classroom. There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。3. There be 句型与 have 的区别：(1) There be 句型和 have 都表示“ 有”的含义。区别如下：There be 表示“某处存在某物或某人” ；have 表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg.He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当 have 表示“包括” 、“存
3、在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 变脸一：否定句 There be 句型的否定式的构成和含有 be 动词的其它句型一样，在 be 后加上 not或 no 即可。注意 not 和 no 的不同：not 是副词，no 为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于 no+ n.。例如：There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no
4、pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.变脸二：一般疑问句 There be 句型的一般疑问句变化是把 be 动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，但同时要注意：当肯定句中有 some 时，要将其改为 any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何“改头换面“ 的吧：There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars?There ar
5、e some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water?变脸三：特殊疑问句 There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Whos+ 介词短语 ?“；当主语是物时，用“Whats + 介词短语?“。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式 (回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：There are many things over there. Whats over there?There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用“Where is / are+主语?“啦！例如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer?There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：第 2 页 共 2 页How many+复数名词 +are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词 +is there+介词短语？
