1、现在分词(V-ing)作定语和状语 课前预习案学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。动词-ing 形式作定语和状语I.ing 形式作定语1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词 for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.2. 现在分词作
2、定语往往表示“令人” ，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.II. ing 形式作状语动词-ing 形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。1).Being ill, she didnt go to school today. 因为生病，她今天没上学去。2). Seeing no one at hom
3、e, I decided to come again.看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。2. 时间状语，相当于 when, while 等引导的从句。1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when 或 while。3).Be careful when crossing the street. 过街时小心。3. 伴
4、随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。1).He sat at the table reading China Daily. 他坐在桌子旁看中国日报 。2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room. 他们又说又笑地走进房间。4. 结果状语。1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。5. 条件状语。Turning right, you will find the place you want.往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。III
5、.现在分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.从山顶望下去，我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.由于许多人都缺席了，他们决定取消这次会议。IV. 现在分词的否定形式。现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing
6、完成式的否定式:not+ having doneNot having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。V. 现在分词的时态和语态的用法。1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.他走在街上，不时地向身后看看2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用分词的完成式形式。Having fini
7、shed his work, Henry went home.完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。语法聚焦预习自测1._ her telephone number, I couldnt ring her up.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。2. _, we will go there on foot.天气好的话，我们将步行去那里。3._, I met Mary. 上学时我遇见了玛丽。4. I turn off the light, _. 我把灯关了，所以什么也看不见。5. _, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。6. _ his letter, I decided
8、 to write to him. 没收到他的来信，我决定给他写信。7. The building _(build) now is our new library.8. _(give) such a good chance, how could you let it slip away?9. He stood, _(lean) against the wall/10. The song is sung all over the country, _ (make) it the most popular song.答案：1. Not knowing 2. Weather permitting3.
9、 While going to the school 4. seeing nothing5. Working hard 6. Not receiving 7. being built8. Having been given 9. leaning 10. making课内探究案探究总结动词-ing 的用法教学建议：如何判断非谓语动词的形式和动词-ing 的各种形式是重点，帮助学生形成判断的依据和规则，注意 v-ing 作状语时的特性：时间性、语态性和主语一致性。1. 动词的-ing 形式做状语时表示什么含义？_答案:动词-ing 形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的
10、动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。2.动词的-ing 形式变化：主动形式被动形式一般式完成式答案：主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done3. 现在分词的否定形式是什么？_答案:现在分词的否定形式：现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing完成式的否定式:not+ having doneII. 学以致用一、词汇运用1. It rained heavily in the south， ser
11、ious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津）A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause2. at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京）A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Y
12、ushu ,_the students to return to their classrooms.（2010 江苏）A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled4 The lady walked around the shops, _ an eye out for bargains.（2010 江西）A keep B kept C keeping D to keep5. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu,
13、Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建）A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent6. He had a wonderful childhood， _with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽)A. travel B.to travel. C. traveled D. traveling7. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a pos
14、ition at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南）A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 8. The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point （2010 四川）Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try9. The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school.（2010 重庆）A. having led B. ledC. leading D. to lead答案：1. CAACA 6. DCBC.学贵有疑我思考，我收获！学习建议：结合以上学习，请你用 3-5 分钟的时间与同学自由质疑和答惑。.我的收获反思静悟、体验成功请写出本堂课学习中，你认为感悟最深的一至两条收获。
