1、实验 4:输入输出流一、实验目的1. 理解 I/O 流的概念,掌握其分类,掌握 Java I/O 基本原理。2. 掌握对硬盘上的文件和目录进行操作的基本方法。3. 掌握 FileInputStream、FileOutputStream 类的基本使用方法。4. 掌握 FileReader 类 、FileWriter 类的使用。5. 掌握 BufferedWriter 类 、BufferedWriter 类的使用。6. 掌握 RandomAccessFile 类的使用。7. 掌握对象序列化的方法及 ObjectInputStream、ObjectOutputStream 类的基本使用方法。二、实验
2、要求本次实验要求以 Eclipse 为开发平台。三、实验内容与步骤1编写一个 Java Application 程序,实现如下的设计功能:运行该程序可以列出当前目录下的所有文件。import java.io.*;public class sy1 public static void main(String args)File file= new File(“D:“);file.mkdir();Filef1=file.listFiles();for(int i=0;if1.length;i+)if(f1i.isDirectory()System.out.println(“dirctory is“
3、+f1i.getName();elseSystem.out.println(“flie is“+f1i.getName();2编写一个 Java Application 程序(文件名为 CopyFile.java) ,要求通过字节流从该文件中读取数据并写入到“temp.txt”文件中去,实现该文件的复制。import java.io.*;public class CopyFile public static void main(String args)int a;byte b=“你好吗,逗比“.getBytes();tryFileOutputStream out=new FileOutputS
4、tream(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjtemp.txt“);out.write(b);out.close();catch(IOException e)System.out.println(“error“+e);3编写一个程序(文件名为 ReadExample.java) ,将程序文件本身的内容每行开头添加上行号拷贝到另一个文件 tempfile.txt 中。import java.io.*;public class ReadExample public static void main(String args)int a;char b=new char18;try
5、File f=new File(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjReadExample.java“);FileReader in=new FileReader(f);FileWriter out=new FileWriter(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjtempfile.txt“);while(a=in.read(b,0,18)!=-1)String s=new String(b,0,18);out.write(b);System.out.print(b);in.close();out.close();catch(IOException e)
6、System.out.println(“error“+e);4现在有如下格式的学生成绩单(文本格式)score.txt:姓名:张三,数学 72 分,物理 67 分,英语 70 分.姓名:李四,数学 92 分,物理 98 分,英语 88 分.姓名:周五,数学 68 分,物理 80 分,英语 77 分.要求按行读入成绩单,并在该行的后面加上该运动员的总成绩,然后再将该行写入到一个名字为 socreAnalysis.txt 的文件中。请按如下的程序模板中的要求,将【代码】替换为 Java 程序代码,以完成该程序。Fenxi.java 文件清单:import java.util.*;public cl
7、ass Fenxi public static int getTotalScore(String s) String regex=“0123456789“ ; /匹配非数字的正则表达式String digitMess=s.replaceAll(regex,“*“); StringTokenizer fenxi = new StringTokenizer(digitMess,“*“);int totalScore=0;while(fenxi.hasMoreTokens()int score = Integer.parseInt(fenxi.nextToken();totalScore = tot
8、alScore+score; return totalScore; AnalysisResult.java 文件清单:import java.io.*;import java.util.*;public class AnalysisResult public static void main(String args) File fRead = new File(“score.txt“);File fWrite = new File(“socreAnalysis.txt“);try Writer out = 【代码 1】/创建指向文件 fWrite 的文件输出流对象 outBufferedWri
9、ter bufferWrite = 【代码 2】/创建指向 out 的bufferWrite 流Reader in = 【代码 3】/创建指向文件 fRead 的文件输入流对象 inBufferedReader bufferRead =【代码 4】/创建指向 in 的缓冲流String str = null;while(str=bufferRead.readLine()!=null) int totalScore=Fenxi.getTotalScore(str);str = str+“总成绩:“+totalScore;System.out.println(str);bufferWrite.wr
10、ite(str);bufferWrite.newLine();bufferRead.close();bufferWrite.close(); catch(IOException e) System.out.println(e.toString();class AnalysisResult public static void main(String args) File fRead = new File(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjscore.txt“);File fWrite = new File(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjsocre
11、Analysis.txt“);try Writer out =new FileWriter(fWrite);BufferedWriter bufferWrite =new BufferedWriter(out);Reader in =new FileReader(fRead);BufferedReader bufferRead =new BufferedReader(in);String str = null;while(str=bufferRead.readLine()!=null) int totalScore=Fenxi.getTotalScore(str);str = str+“总成绩
12、:“+totalScore;System.out.println(str);bufferWrite.write(str);bufferWrite.newLine();bufferRead.close();bufferWrite.close(); catch(IOException e) System.out.println(e.toString();5编写一个程序,利用缓冲流实现接收键盘输入的数据,并写入到指定文件中(如当前目录下的 tt.txt 文件)的功能,要求键盘输入”exit”时结束。(提示:)import java.io.*;import java.util.Scanner;publ
13、ic class sy5 public static void main(String args) Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);String s = sc.next();tryFileWriter out=new FileWriter(“D:jdk1.8.0_20新建文件夹zzjsrczzjtt.txt“);while(s=“exit“)BufferedWriter br=new BufferedWriter(out);br.write(s);s=sc.next();catch(IOException e)System.out.println(“erro
14、r“+e);6下面的程序使用随机流进行文件的保存和读取,请按如下的程序模板中的要求,将【代码】替换为 Java 程序代码,以完成该程序,使得程序在控制台的输出结果如下:程序清单:import java.io.*;public class testRandom2 public static void main(String args) try RandomAccessFile rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “rw“);for (int i = 0; i 10; i+) rf.writeInt(i);rf.writeDouble(i * 1.414)
15、;rf.close();rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “rw“);rf.seek (【代码1】);rf.writeInt(47);rf.writeDouble(47.00021);rf.close();rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “r“);for (int i = 0; i 10; i+) ;System.out.println(“Value “ + rf.readInt() + “: “+【代码2】);rf.【代码3】; catch (IOException e) System.out.prin
16、tln(e.toString();import java.io.*;public class testRandom2 public static void main(String args) try RandomAccessFile rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “rw“);for (int i = 0; i 10; i+) rf.writeInt(i);rf.writeDouble(i * 1.414);rf.close();rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “rw“);rf.seek (0);rf.
17、writeInt(47);rf.writeDouble(47.00021);rf.close();rf = new RandomAccessFile(“rtest.dat“, “r“);for (int i = 0; i 10; i+) ;System.out.println(“Value “ + rf.readInt() + “: “+rf.readDouble();rf.close(); catch (IOException e) System.out.println(e.toString();7. 下面的程序使用对象的序列化及对象流进行对象的保存和读取,请按如下的程序模板中的要求,将【代
18、码】替换为 Java 程序代码,以完成该程序。程序清单:import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.io.Serializable;public class SerializableDemo public static void main(String args) throws Exception stu
19、dent stu = new student(20131064, “张三“, 20, “西华大学“);FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(“data1.ser“);ObjectOutputStream oout = new 【代码1】;/ 输出对象oout.writeObject(stu);oout.close();stu = null;FileInputStream fin = new 【代码2】;ObjectInputStream oin = new 【代码3】;/ 读入对象stu = 【代码4】;oin.close();System.
20、out.println(“学生信息:“);System.out.println(“ID: “ + stu.id);System.out.println(“name: “ + stu.name);System.out.println(“age: “ + stu.age);System.out.println(“department:“ + stu.department);class student implements Serializable int id;String name;int age;String department;public student(int id, String n
21、ame, int age, String department) this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.department = department;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.io.Serializable;public c
22、lass SerializableDemo private static student stu;public static void main(String args) throws Exception stu = new student(20131064, “张三“, 20, “西华大学“);FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(“data1.ser“);ObjectOutputStream oout = new ObjectOutputStream(fout);oout.writeObject(stu);oout.close();stu
23、 = null;FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(“data1.ser“);ObjectInputStream oin = new ObjectInputStream(fin);stu =new student(20131064, “张三“ , 20, “西华大学“ );oin.close();System.out.println(“学生信息:“ );System.out.println(“ID: “+stu.id);System.out.println(“name: “+ stu.name);System.out.println(“age:
24、“ + stu.age);System.out.println(“department:“ + stu.department);class student implements Serializable int id;String name;int age;String department;public student(int id, String name, int age, String department) this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.department = department;8. 下面的程序以字节为单位进
25、行文件的读写操作,请阅读并分析该程序,上机运行查看效果,然后修改程序,使其以字符流方式进行文件的读写操作。程序清单:import java.io.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;public class readerbyte extends JFrame implements ActionListener JButton b1, b2, b3;JTextField jt1;JTextArea jt2;readerbyte() setTitle(“FileInputStream-FileOutput
26、Stream演示“);getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout();this.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);this.setSize(450, 350);b1 = new JButton(“写入“);b2 = new JButton(“读取“);b3 = new JButton(“退出“);b1.addActionListener(this);b2.addActionListener(this);b3.addActionListener(this);jt1 = new JTextField(10);jt2 =
27、 new JTextArea(10, 30);jt2.setLineWrap(true);jt2.setWrapStyleWord(true);JScrollPane jspa = new JScrollPane(jt2);JPanel p1 = new JPanel();p1.add(new JLabel(“请输入文件名:“);p1.add(jt1);JPanel p2 = new JPanel();p2.add(new JLabel(“文件内容:“);p2.add(jspa);JPanel p3 = new JPanel();p3.add(b1);p3.add(b2);p3.add(b3)
28、;getContentPane().add(p1);getContentPane().add(p2);getContentPane().add(p3);setVisible(true);public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) if (ee.getSource() = b3) dispose();System.exit(0);if (ee.getSource() = b1)writer();if (ee.getSource() = b2)reader();void writer() String s1, s2;s1 = jt1.getText().
29、trim();if (s1.equals(“) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, “没有输入文件名“);jt1.requestFocus(); else s2 = jt2.getText().trim();char s22 = s2.toCharArray();try FileOutputStream file = new FileOutputStream(s1);for (int i = 0; i s22.length; i+)file.write(s22i);file.close(); catch (IOException ie) jt1.setTex
30、t(“);jt2.setText(“);void reader() String s1, s2 = “;s1 = jt1.getText().trim();if (s1.equals(“) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, “没有输入文件名“);jt1.requestFocus(); elsetry FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(s1);int c;while (c = file.read() != -1)s2 = s2 + (char) c;jt2.setText(s2);file.close();
31、 catch (IOException ie) jt1.setText(“);public static void main(String args) new readerbyte();import java.io.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;public class readerbyte extends JFrame implements ActionListener JButton b1, b2, b3;JTextField jt1;JTextArea jt2;readerbyte() s
32、etTitle(“FileInputStream-FileOutputStream演示“);getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout();this.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);this.setSize(450, 350);b1 = new JButton(“写入“);b2 = new JButton(“读取“);b3 = new JButton(“退出“);b1.addActionListener(this);b2.addActionListener(this);b3.addActionListener(t
33、his);jt1 = new JTextField(10);jt2 = new JTextArea(10, 30);jt2.setLineWrap(true);jt2.setWrapStyleWord(true);JScrollPane jspa = new JScrollPane(jt2);JPanel p1 = new JPanel();p1.add(new JLabel(“请输入文件名:“);p1.add(jt1);JPanel p2 = new JPanel();p2.add(new JLabel(“文件内容:“);p2.add(jspa);JPanel p3 = new JPanel
34、();p3.add(b1);p3.add(b2);p3.add(b3);getContentPane().add(p1);getContentPane().add(p2);getContentPane().add(p3);setVisible(true);public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) if (ee.getSource() = b3) dispose();System.exit(0);if (ee.getSource() = b1)writer();if (ee.getSource() = b2)reader();void writer(
35、) String s1, s2;s1 = jt1.getText().trim();if (s1.equals(“) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, “没有输入文件名“);jt1.requestFocus(); else s2 = jt2.getText().trim();char s22 = s2.toCharArray();try FileWriter file = new FileWriter(s1);for (int i = 0; i s22.length; i+)file.write(s22i);file.close(); catch (IOE
36、xception ie) jt1.setText(“);jt2.setText(“);void reader() String s1, s2 = “;s1 = jt1.getText().trim();if (s1.equals(“) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, “没有输入文件名“);jt1.requestFocus(); elsetry FileReader file = new FileReader(s1);int c;while (c = file.read() != -1)s2 = s2 + (char) c;jt2.setText(s2);file.close(); catch (IOException ie) jt1.setText(“);public static void main(String args) new readerbyte();