1、- 1 -阅读专项解读指导第五类：社会万象话说中考在中考阅读理解中，本话题包括的题材很多，它们来自生活，来自社会，针对这些题材要求抓住关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在，这样便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜” ，找出问题的答案。这种题型一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。解题思路：看清题干，明确把握问题指向，带着问题读文章，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度，提高解题质量。走进中考(福建莆田2010)In most cultures，when you meet people you know for the first time during a day，it is
2、usual to greet themOnce a young woman from England went to Hong Kong to workWhen she first arrived，she knew little about the Chinese culture of languageOn her way to school one day，she went to a bank to get some moneyTo her surprise，the bank clerk asked her if she had had her lunchShe was surprised
3、at such a question because in the British culture it would mean an invitation to lunchBetween unmarried young people it can also mean the young mans interest in dating the girlSince this bank clerk was a stranger to the British woman，she was very puzzled，and quickly answered that she had eaten alrea
4、dyAfter this she went on to school and was even more surprised when one of the teachers asked her the same questionBy now she understood that it could not be an invitation but was puzzled as to why they asked itIn the following days she was asked the same question again and again and she spent many
5、hours trying to work out why so many people kept asking her thisAt last she thought that these people must be concerned about(关心) her healthShe was rather thin at the time，and she thought they must be worrying that she was not eating well!In fact the question like that has no real meaning at all it
6、is only a greeting根据短文内容，判断句子的正误，正确的在括号内写“T” ，错误的写“F” 。- 2 -( ) 1 The young British woman went to Hong Kong for work( ) 2 The British woman went to the bank to get some money( ) 3 The bank clerk invited the young British woman to lunch( ) 4 The teachers question made the British woman happy( ) 5In f
7、act the young British woman didnt know much about Chinese culture解析1T 根据“Once a young woman from England.”可知这年轻英国妇女是来香港工作的，故此句表述是正确的。2T 根据“.she went to a bank to get some money ”可知此句表述是正确的。3F 通过本文最后一句我们可以了解到，在中国问别人“吃了吗”是表问候，而不一定是真正的想请人吃饭。故此句的错误的。4F 根据“After this she went on to school and was even mo
8、re surprised.”可知此句表述是错误的。5T 根据文章内容我们知道，这位英国妇女对中国文化不是很了解，所以对“if she had had her lunch”产生困惑。话题专练一Chanel， the worlds oldest dog，celebrated her 21st birthday on Wednesday with a certificate(证书) from the Guinness Book of Records and a visit to a dog hotel and spa(温泉疗养地)Chanel was once a rescue(救援) dog in
9、 New YorkAt her birthday，she wore an orange sweater and red eyeglassesChanel has an eye disease，so she has to wear eyeglasses to protect her eyes from sunshine“Chanel is the Guinness world record holder for the oldest for living dogs，“ said Jamie Panas，a spokeswoman for GuinnessShaughnessy got her p
10、et from a shelter when the dog was six weeks oldAlthough Chanel could run miles in her younger days，she now suffers from joint(关节) problems and spends most of her days at home- 3 -根据短文内容，完成下列各题。1Chanel was _ years old2Chanel got a certificate from _3On Wednesday Chanel was in _4Chanel wore eyeglasse
11、s in order to _5Chanel is _ in the world答案：121twenty-one 根据短文第一句内容可知，Chanel 过 21 岁生日，所以填 21twenty-one 。2the Guinness Book of Records 根据短文第一段中介绍可知。3an orange sweater and red eyeglasses 星期三是 Chanel 的生日，所以它穿的是 an orange sweater and red eyeglasses。4protect her eyes 根据短文第二段内容可知， Chanel 有眼疾，所以戴眼镜是为了保护视力，即
12、答案是 protect her eyes。5the oldest dog 根据短文内容可知，chanel 是世界上年龄最大的狗，所以答案是 the oldest dog。二A high school student in southwest China who raised money for people of Wenchuan Earthquake by selling cookies and her own watercolor paintings attended the inauguration(就职典礼) of the US new President Barack ObamaLi
13、 Zizi moved in August，2008 to Sichuan Province，which was rocked by a terrible earthquake in MayShe now attends Chengdu Experimental Foreign Languages School(外国语学校 )，which is close to many of the hardest-hit areasHer family is from Sichuan，but she was born and raised in Japan and was living there whe
14、n the quake hitWhen the earthquake happened，Li baked sugar cookies to sell at her school and sold some of her watercolor paintingsShe finally earned $500 to buy school supplies for children in the quake areasLi also supports two children，one in first grade and the other in third，whose parents were f
15、orced to find work far away in order to earn money to rebuild their homesLi provides the children with pocket money and tickets to travel to see their parents- 4 -Because she was born and grew up abroad，Li said she has a feeling of being close to Obama，whom she called a “miracle“Hes the perfect thin
16、g at the perfect moment for America，“ she said根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1 Where was Li Zizi born?ASichuan BJapan CAmerica DChengdu( ) 2 Why did Li Zizi collect money in the quake?ABecause she had to raise money for finishing her studiesBBecause she wanted to see her parentsCBecause she must help her parents
17、 to rebuild their homesDBecause she wanted to help children in the quake areas( ) 3 the Two children lost _ in the earthquakeAtheir parentsBtheir homesCtheir schoolsDtheir lives( ) 4 What did Li give the two children by selling cookies and watercolor paintings?ASome moneyBTickets CClothesDA and B( )
18、 5 The underlined word “miracle“ in the passage means “_“A机会 B奇迹 C渴望 D理想答案：1B 根据短文中第三段的内容可知，她出生在日本。2D 根据短文中第一、四两段内容可以确定她挣钱是为了帮助震区的孩子们。3B 根据短文中第四段“.，whose parents were forced to find work far away in order to earn money to rebuild their homes ”可以确定孩子在地震中失去了家园。- 5 -4D 根据短文中第四段“Li provides the children
19、 with pocket money and tickets to travel to see their parents ”可确定答案。5B 根据上下文提示可以看出是“一种特别的、几乎不敢相信的事情” ，即一种“奇迹” 。三A hard-working Chinese rice farmer was supporting his children，wife and his old fatherHe worked long and hard each day，but still he was hardly growing enough to feed his children and wife
20、One day he didnt work for the whole dayInstead，he built a small cart(手推车) out of some wood that he hadThe next day he went to his old father and told him that the old man was no longer able to help the familyHis old father was only eating and taking up precious resources(宝贵资源)So the farmer loaded hi
21、m into the new cart and headed up a nearby mountainWhen he got to the top，he stopped and turned the cart to face down the mountain，but before he could start to roll(使滚动) the cart，his father stopped him，saying，“Wait! Son，I can understand what you are doing，and even why you are doing it，but please sav
22、e the cartYour son will need it“根据短文内容，判断下面句子正(T)误(F)。( ) 1 The Chinese rice farmer didnt work hard each day( ) 2 He built the cart so that he could put more rice into it( ) 3 His father was old and he wasnt able to work for the family( ) 4 His father understood that his son wanted to kill him( ) 5T
23、he words that the old man said to his son were educational(有教育意义的)答案：1F 根据第一段内容可知，农夫天天很努力工作，所以是 F。2F 根据短文中的内容可以确定，农夫做手推车不是为了装稻米，而是为了把老人送走，所以是 F。3T 根据短文中“His old father was only eating and taking up precious resources ”可知，老父亲没有劳动能力了，所以是 T。4T 根据老人对儿子说的话可以看出，他知道儿子要他死，所以答案是 T。- 6 -5T 根据短文最后几句话可知他是教育儿子要赡
24、养老人，所以答案是 T。四Eating 68 hot dogs in 10 minutes，Joey Chestnut from California beat his world championship in this years International Hot Dog Eating ContestHe also set a new record for this traditional contest in New York，an event which dates back to the year of 1916This year，much expectation was focu
25、sed on Kobayashi from Japan，six times world champion between 2001 and 2006In 2008，they shared the championship，both eating 59 hot dogsAlso attending the contest is last years female champion Juliet Lee，a 44-year-old former chemistry professor in China who now owns a salon in Maryland(马里兰)Thousand of
26、 fans and tourists were attracted to this beachside event根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1 Joey Chestnut had _ in 2008A44 hot dogsB58 hot dogsC59 hot dogsD68 hot dogs( ) 2 International Hot Dog Eating Contest began in _A1916 B2001 C2006 D2008( ) 3 Joey Chestnut comes from _AJapan BChina CAmerica DEngland( ) 4 Wha
27、t did Juliet Lee do?AA teacher BA doctorCA scientistDA basketball player( ) 5 Kobayashi won _ times world champions from 2001 to 2008Afive Bsix Cseven Deight答案：1C 根据短文中第三段“In 2008，they shared the championship，both eating - 7 -59 hot dogs ”可知，在 2008 年比赛中 Chestnut 吃了 59 个，和日本的 Kobayashi 并列第一。2A 根据短文第二
28、段介绍可知，热狗大赛开始于 1916 年。3C 根据短文第一句话可以确定 Joey Chestnut 来自美国。4A 根据短文中最后一段内容可知 Juliet Lee 是一名教师。5C 根据短文中第三段的内容可知，从 2001 年到 2008 年期间，Kobayashi 共取得七次冠军。五Want to spend a night in jail? And how about playing for it? A new jail in eastern Missouri(密苏里州) has come up with a new way to pay for mattresses(床垫)Offic
29、ials are offering the public a chance to stay overnight on its opening dayFor $50 a person or $90 a couple，people can tour the new place，learn more about jail，and stay overnightTheyll receive “bed and breakfast“ T-shirts and snacksAlso included is a “get out of jail free“ cardThose who want to leave
30、 early have to give another $10 All the money will be used for the jail repair fund任务一：根据短文内容，完成下列各题。1Everyone can spend a night _ in Missouri2If you and your one friend want to stay overnight in the jail，you must pay _ for it3When you stay at jail，you will receive _4If you want to leave early，you m
31、ust pay for _ again 任务二：把画线部分译成汉语。5_答案：1in jail 根据短文第一、二段可知填 in jail。2$90 根据第二段内容可以计算出两个人在监狱里过夜，要付 $90。3“bed and breakfast“ T-shirts and snacks 根据第二段的内容可以确定在监狱里，可以得到 “bed and breakfast“ T-shirts and snacks。4another $10 根据最后一段内容可知，如果想早点出来，必须再付 $10。- 8 -5所有收入都用作监狱维修资金。解析略。六Debenhams has produced a spe
32、cial kind of suit for women with a low price of $80It is made from recycled plastic bottlesThe bottles in the suit are broken into pieces and then made into a shape of polyester(涤纶 )Each suit uses about 50 plastic bottlesThe rough(粗糙的) polyester feel of this suit might not attract some customers tho
33、ugh it is good for environmentDebenhams says that making the jacket and trousers saves energy and gives off less CO2This way can certainly cut down waste If the womens suits are popular in stores，Debenhams will use this technology for mens clothing根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1What is the special kind of suit
34、for women that Debenhams has produced made of?ACotton B Polyester CWool DLeather( ) 2 How much were two suits for women?A$80 B$100 C$50 D$160( ) 3 How many plastic bottles does each suit use?A50 B80 CAbout 50 D About 70( ) 4 Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the kind of suit?AIt might s
35、ave energyBIt can give off less CO2CIt can cut down wasteDIt might not attract some customers( ) 5 The passage mainly tells us _Athe recycled plastic bottles can be made into clothesBthe kind of suit must be good for our healthCthe kind of suit is very popular in the worldDthe technology should be s
36、pread over the world答案：- 9 -1B 根据第二段的内容可知确定答案是涤纶。2D 根据第一段可知一套是 $80，那么两套就是 $160。3C 根据第二段中“Each suit uses about 50 plastic bottles ”可确定答案。4D 根据第二段的内容可以确定，它虽然对保护环境有好处，但不一定受人们的欢迎。5A 通读全文可以看出本文主要是讲“塑料瓶可以制成衣服 ”。七Hair is one of the first things you notice about yourself or other peopleHair is also the body
37、 part that many people try to change the mostPeople with naturally straight hair often wish their hair were curlyAnd curly tops want straight hairSo why wasnt everyone born with the hair they wanted? Scientists say a number of factors(因素) decided the way your hair looksHair has two parts：the shaft(发
38、干) the part you see and the follicle(发囊) the part you dont see because it is under the skinFollicles are not all alike for every personIf you have curly hair，your follicle is probably very straightStraight-haired people most likely have round folliclesAnother factor that goes into the kind of hair y
39、ou have involves the hair bulbThe shaft grows from the bulbThe way the bulb sits in the follicle can affect your hair，too根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1 If you look at other people，what will you know about at first?AHand BHair CBody D Foot( ) 2 Which parts is hair made up of?AShaft BFollicle CBulb DA and B( ) 3
40、 The way your hair looks is decided by _AshaftBfolliclesCbulbDa number of factors and follicles( ) 4 Curly-haired people probably have _- 10 -Astraight folliclesBround folliclesCcurly folliclesDA and C( ) 5 What can also change what peoples hair looks like?AFire BBulb CWater DKnives答案：1B 根据短文第一段的内容可
41、以确定答案。2D 根据第三段的内容可以确定头发是由发干和发囊两部分组成的。3D 根据全文内容可以看出头发关键在于发囊和一些其他因素。4A 根据第四段的内容可知，卷头发人的毛囊可能是直的。5B 根据最后一段内容可知，bulb 可能改变人的发型。八The astronauts used to only have freeze-dried powders and semi-liquid pastes for meals Now US scientists want to grow vegetables in mini-greenhouses on the MoonThey look forward
42、to providing astronauts or space travelers with fine dinners of fresh vegetables in the futureParagon，a company that works with NASA，has designed the “Lunar Oasis“Lunar Oasis“ is a small greenhouseIt looks like a bell jar put into a 46cm-tall frameThe flame is designed to protect plants while they g
43、row on the MoonThey plan to send the small greenhouse into space in 2012Scientists will put brassica(芸苔 ) seeds like a cabbage in the greenhouseBecause this kind of vegetable goes from seed to flower in just 14 days，it can complete its life cycle in just one night on the MoonThe Moon greenhouse has
44、been compared to an experiment at the South PoleThe South Pole greenhouse，now in its fifth year，allows workers living in the coldest place on Earth to have tomatoes，lettuces(莴苣)，strawberries and herbs“Living on the Moon seems so far away，but it is important that we do this research now， “ said Jane
45、Poynter，the president of Paragon- 11 -根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1 What didnt the astronauts use to have on the Moon?AFresh vegetables BFreeze-dried powdersCSemi-liquid pastesDWater( ) 2 What does the “Lunar Oasis“ look like?AA ball BA bagCA bell jarDA bottle( ) 3 When will they plan to send the “Lunar Oasis
46、“ to the Moon?A2009 B2010 C2020 D2012( ) 4 What will the astronauts eat on the Moon in 2020?ATomatoes BLettuces CStrawberries DAll of the above( ) 5 What does Poynter do?AAn astronautBThe president of ParagonCA presidentDA pilot答案：1A 根据第一段的内容可知，到目前为止，宇航员在月球上吃不到新鲜的蔬菜。2C 根据第三段内容可知， “月球温室”看起来像一个 bell j
47、ar。3D 根据第四段的内容可知。他们计划到 2012 年把“月球绿洲”送上月球。4D 根据全文内容可以确定，到 2020 年宇航员应该能吃上一些蔬菜，即选 D。5B 根据最后一段内容可知，Poynter 是帕拉冈太空开发公司的董事长。九- 12 -Just as in face-to-face communication，there are some basic rules of behavior(行为 ) that should be followed on the InternetThe basic rule is simple：treat others in the same way you would want to be treated Imagine how youd feel if you were in the other persons shoesFor anything youre about to send：ask yourself，“Would I say that to the persons face?“ If the answer is no，rewrite and rereadIf someone in the chat room is rude to you，you neednt fire backYou should either ignor
