1、模 块 9,Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures,核心单词 1. defend 小试牛刀 完成句子 他们为保卫祖国而战斗。 They their country. 建这座堤坝是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。 The dam was built to by the sea. 我们的职责是保卫祖国不受敌人侵犯。 Our duty is the enemies.,这件厚衣服足可以御寒。 The thick coat is the cold. 答案：fought to defend defend the road from being washed away to
2、 defend the country against a good defence against 翻译句子 被告有一名律师为他辩护。答案：The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 数百人为自由献出了自己的生命。答案：Hundreds gave their lives in defence of freedom.,【释义】defend vt.保卫, 防御，保护；为辩护 常用结构： defend .from/against . 保卫免受/抵抗 联想拓展 defence n. 保卫(后常跟介词of);防御(后常跟介词against) in defen
3、ce of 保卫;为辩护 易混辨析defend/guard/protect/preserve defend表示“保卫”、“防御”, 应用范围很广, 其对象可以是具体的, 也可以是抽象的。 defend oneself against 对为自己辩护 defend oneself against enemy 防御敌人 guard 表示“注意观察、戒备, 以免受到可能的攻击或伤害”。 guard a coastline 守卫海岸线,protect 表示“保护以免遭受到危险或伤害等”。 protect the children from harm 保护儿童免受伤害 preserve 表示“防护、保存以
4、免被分解或腐烂”。 Salt preserves food from decay. 盐能防止食物腐烂。 2. freezing 小试牛刀 翻译句子或短语 现在外面冷极了。答案：Its freezing outside now. 极为寒冷 冰点 答案：freezing cold freezing point 水在零摄氏度时结冰。答案：Water freezes at 0.,完成句子 幼苗被冻死了。 The seedling . 见到那位陌生人时，他脸上的笑容僵住了。when he was seeing the stranger. 答案：was frozen to death His smile
5、froze 【释义】freezing adj. 寒冷的，严寒的；冻结的;冰冻的 联想拓展 freeze v. 冻结；僵硬；结冰；停住；僵住 (过去式： froze；过去分词：frozen) 易混辨析freezing/frozen freeze的现在分词（freezing）和过去分词（frozen）都可以作为形容词使用，但意思有所不同。freezing含有主动的意思，而frozen含有被动的意思。,She gave me a freezing look. 她冷漠地看了我一眼。 These frozen foods are the most convenient of all. 这些冷冻食品是最方
6、便的。 3. abundant 小试牛刀 翻译短语 在方面丰富 丰收 丰年 答案：be abundant in an abundant harvest an abundant year 完成句子 这个国家自然资源丰富。 The country natural resources. 答案：is abundant in 【释义】abundant adj.丰富的,充裕的,联想拓展 abundance n. 丰富，充裕；大量 He wished to have money in abundance. 他希望拥有大笔的钱。 4. locate 小试牛刀 完成句子 该公司把它的分公司设在郊区。 The c
7、ompany its branch office the suburbs. 这座大楼将建在市中心。 The new building will the centre of town. 答案：located; in be located in 翻译句子 他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。答案：Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain.,【释义】locate vt. 确定的地点(或范围)；把设置在；使坐落于；探出，找出；确定的位置;vi.【美】【口】定居 联想拓展 location n. 地方，位置 5. preference 小试牛刀 完成句
8、子 我们将给儿童和老人优先权。 Well children and the aged. 答案：give preference to 翻译句子 我喜欢靠窗的座位。答案：A window seat is my preference. 【释义】preference n. 偏爱；优先；优先权,常用结构: in preference to 优先于；比起来宁愿 have a preference for 偏爱；认为更好 联想拓展 prefer v. 更喜欢;宁愿 prefer (doing）sth. to (doing) sth. 喜欢(做）某事胜过(做)某事 prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做
9、某事 6. occupy 小试牛刀 完成句子 这家公司占用了大厦的三层楼房。 The company three floors block of the building. 答案：occupied 翻译句子 敌人很快占领了这个城镇。答案：The enemy soon occupied the town.,The bathroom is occupied.答案：有人在占用浴室。 Mr Oliver occupies an important position in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.答案：奥利弗先生在外交部担任要职。 【释义】occupy vt. 占
10、（空间、场所、时间等）；占用；使忙碌；侵占，占领; 担任(职务)；居于(某种地位) 常用结构 be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事 occupy oneself with/in 从事于；忙于；专心于 The workers were occupied in building new houses. 工人们正忙于盖新房子。 联想拓展 occupation n. 职业；占领,重点短语 7. for short 小试牛刀 完成句子 USA （是的缩写）United States of America. His name is James, but w
11、e just call him Jim (简称). This school (缺少) young teachers. I got the ticket （免费） from someone who didnt want it. He must live somewhere around. But I cant say （确定）. 答案：is short for for short is short of for free for certain 【释义】for short 缩写，简称；缩略 His name is Benjamin, or Ben for short. 他的名字是本杰明，或者简称
12、为本。,联想拓展 be short for是的缩写；是的简称 be short of 缺乏，缺少 in short 简言之， 总之 for free (=without payment) 免费；无偿地 for certain/sure(=without doubt) 确定,Unit 2 Witnessing time 核心单词 1. while 小试牛刀 翻译句子 尽管我同意你的理由，但我不允许你这样做。答案：While I agree with your reasons, I cant allow it. 她听着收音机睡着了。答案：While she was listening to the
13、 radio, she fell asleep.,单项填空 Are you ready for Spain? Yes, I want the girls to experience that they are young.(2008上海) A. while B. until C. if D. before 解析：选A。句意为：你准备好去西班牙了吗？是的。我想让这些女孩子们趁着年轻的时候去感受一下西班牙。while当时候。 She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano y
14、esterday.(2009福建) A. when B. while C. after D. since 答案：解析：选A。when当时候，这时；while意为“当时候”时，从句表示的是一个持续性动作。 It just isnt fair. I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were lying on the beach.(2009辽宁) A. whenever B. though C. for D. while 解析：选D。由句意可知，此处表示对比关系。while意为“而，然而”表对比。,I wonder how much yo
15、u charge for your services. The first two are free the third costs $30.(2009安徽) A. while B. until C. if D. before 解析：选A。句意为：前两个是免费的，而第三个是30美元。while意为“然而”表示对比。 【释义】while 为从属连词，可引导让步状语从句，通常置于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”，可表示部分同意或接受某事。 while 的其他用法： while引导时间状语从句， 意为“正当时，和同时，在期间”，从句中的谓语通常只能是延续性动词。 While I was waiting fo
16、r the bus, I met with a friend. 在等车期间，我遇见一个朋友。 Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。 while还可表示对比或转折， 意为“而，然而”,此时 while 一般位于句中。,That region has plenty of natural resource while this one has none. 那个地区自然资源丰富,而这个地区却一点也没有。 while也可引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。 There will be life while there is water and air. 只要有水和空气，
17、就会有生命。 2. as 小试牛刀 单项填空we all know, bats come out only at night.A. As B. Which C. That D. What 解析：选A。as引导定语从句，可置于句首。 【释义】as 作关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前或主句中，也可以放在主句后，意为“正如/像一样”。且常见于: as is known, as sb. can see, as sb. knows, as is well known, as it is, as is said above, as is /has been expected, as is o
18、ften the case等从句中。,As is expected, the England team won the match. = The England team, as is expected, won the match.正如预料的那样，英格兰队赢得了这次比赛的胜利。 注意：当关系代词指代整个句子时，否定意义的非限制性定语从句一般由which引导。 The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected. 试验的结果非常好，这是我们所没有预料到的。 3. seize 小试牛刀 翻译下列句子中seize的
19、不同含义 The escaped prisoner was seized on Saturday. Tom saw the police seize the drug in the mans bag at the airport just now. She was seized by curiosity. The critics seized on my mistake and said I was ignorant.,答案：抓住（警方、海关等）扣押， 没收（赃物、毒品等） (强烈的感情、愿望等)突然影响或控制（某人）与介词on/upon连用，表示“意识到某事物而立即加以利用”。 【释义】se
20、ize vt. 抓住（人、机会等），捉住；争取，占领，逮捕，虏获；没收，扣押，查封，利用，掌握，理解，（疾病）侵袭；（情绪）支配，控制 常用结构: seize on突然抓住并利用 seize up (机器过热)失灵, 出故障；(交通)堵塞 seize control of 夺取对的控制权 4. appoint 小试牛刀 完成句子 他被任命为市长。 He mayor of the city. 他没有在约定的时间到达。 He didnt arrive . 答案：was appointed to be at the appointed time,翻译句子 我已约好今天下午去看牙医。答案：Ive ma
21、de an appointment with my dentist this afternoon. 她被任命为一中的校长。答案：She was appointed as the headmaster of No.1 Middle School. 【释义】appoint vt.任命，委任；约定，指定（时间、地点） 联想拓展 appointment n. 约定，约会；委任，委派；职位,官职 by appointment 按照约定 have/make/fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 keep/break ones appointment 守约/违约, 失约 tak
22、e up/hold an appointment 就职, 上任/担任某职,5. charge 小试牛刀 单项填空 The store doesnt for delivery.A. charges B. is to charge C. charging D. charge 解析：选D。charge for为收费。 The statement that their actions violated the agreement.A. charges B. charged C. charging D. is to charge 解析：选B。charge在此处表示“谴责”。 The lion at th
23、ose little animals.A. charged B. charges C. charging D. is to charge 解析：选A。charge表示“向冲去”。,They the enemy three times.A. charges B. is to charge C. charging D. charged 解析：选D。charge意为“向冲锋”。 This store often only 65 US cents a dozen for large eggs.A. charges B. charged C. charging D. is to charge 解析：选A
24、。charge意为“要价”。 Please my account.A. charges B. charge C. charging D. is to charge 解析：选B。charge意为“记入账册”。 The battery needs to be .A. charges B. charging C. charged D. is to charge 解析：选C。charge意为“充电”。,【释义】charge vt.索价；对索费；课(税)(+for)；把记入账册 (+to)；向冲去；控告，指控(+with)；指责；谴责+that；指示，责令；使承担责任，委以责任(+with)；装弹于(枪
25、、炮)(+with)；【旧】倒酒于(杯子)(+with)；将(电池)充电 vi.索价；收费(+for)；冲锋,向前冲(+at)；充电 n. 费用，价钱，索价C(+for)；掌管；照顾；责任U；被照顾的人(或事物)C；控告,指控 6. mark 小试牛刀 单项填空 The box of eggs was “With Care”. A. marks B. mark C. marking D. marked 解析:选D。be marked被标记。 The scandal left a on his reputation. A. mark B. marks C. marked D. marking 解
26、析:选A。mark在句中为名词，意为“污点”。,【释义】mark n.痕迹，污点;瘢疤;记号，符号;标记;分数，成绩;靶子;目标 vt. 做记号于;留痕迹于;标明，标志;表示的特征;记下，录下;给(试卷等)打分数 重点短语 7. in particular 小试牛刀 完成句子 我们要有礼貌, 尤其是对父母。 We , , parents. 马蒂吃东西非常挑剔。 Marty his food. 答案：should be polite; in particular; to is very particular about,选词填空(especially/specially/particularly
27、) 噪音令人讨厌,尤其是在你想睡觉时更受不了。 Noise is unpleasant, when you are trying to sleep. 这个飞机模型是我特地为你做的。 I made the model airplane for you. 要特别提防那条狗它咬人！ Watch that dog it bites! 答案：especially specially particularly 【释义】in particular 尤其， 特别 联想拓展particularly/specially/especially particularly强调在相关的东西中与别的不同，指同种类事物中的“
28、特殊的”，含有“个别”之意。 specially强调目的，表示由于非同寻常而给予不一般的对待，表示“不一般地，特别地，特意地”。 especially与particularly意义接近，强调程度。表示“特别，尤其”，进一步补充说明前面所叙述的事。,8. in a gesture to 小试牛刀 选词填空(in order to/in gesture to/so as to/in order that) save trouble, we had to separate. We work hard pass the College Entrance Examination. he could ea
29、rly reach the airport, he got up at five oclock. reduce pollution, the government tried all means. 答案：In order to/In gesture to so as to/in order to/in gesture to In order that In gesture to/In order to 【释义】in a gesture to 为了 联想拓展 in order to为了(做某事)；以为目的 so as to为了是；以便；使得 so that .因此; 结果是 in order t
30、hat .为了；目的在于,9. be charged with 小试牛刀 选词填空(accuse/charge/sentence) He was of robbing the bank. Mary was to death. 答案：accused/charged sentenced 用charge的相关短语填空 Mr Wang will be our class. You will the library. The assistant 500 yuan the clothes. 答案：in charge of take charge of charged; for 【释义】be charged
31、 with 被指控犯罪 联想拓展 be accused of因被指控 be sentenced to 被宣判 get charged 充电 in charge of 分管; 负责,in the charge of 在的分管之下 take charge 分管；负责 charge for 要价 10. in terms of 小试牛刀 完成句子 就薪水而言，我认为我的工作还是不错的。 , I think my job is OK. 答案：In terms of salary 【释义】in terms of 就而言；从方面来说 联想拓展 be on good terms with sb.与某人关系好
32、 come to terms with sb.与某人达成协议 in the short term 从眼前来看;从短期来看 in the long term 从长远来看,11. It is ones responsibility to do sth. 小试牛刀 翻译句子 明天轮到你值日。答案：It is your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 早睡早起是个好习惯。答案：Its a good habit to go to bed early and get up early. 【释义】It is ones responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人
33、的职责 联想拓展 It is/was+ones turn (duty, pleasure, responsibility, great fun, a habit, time, a rule, a shame)+to do sth. 轮到某人（责任,高兴,义务，极大的乐趣，一种习惯，计时，一种规则，害羞）做某事,Unit 3 The meaning of colour核心单词 1. conclusion 小试牛刀 完成句子 你从这些事实中得出什么结论?did you from the facts? 答案：What conclusion; draw 【释义】 conclusion n.C结论，终结
34、，结尾 U缔结，签订 常用结构： come to/reach/draw a conclusion/ conclusions from sth. 从中得出结论 jump to a conclusion/ conclusions贸然的下结论,bring .to a conclusion使结束 in conclusion用于结束语,表示“最后;总之” 2. strengthen 小试牛刀 完成句子 维生素B和C可以增强我们的抵抗力。 VB and VC us disease. 风在夜间刮得更猛了。 The wind during the night. 文化交流加强两国人民之间的理解和友谊。 Cult
35、ure exchanges the understanding and between the two countries. 他没有足够的力气搬走那块石头。 He hasnt got that stone. 答案：can strengthen; against strengthened strengthen; friendship enough strength to remove,【释义】 strengthen vt. 加强， 巩固， 强化；vi. 变强， 变牢固 strength n. 力量,力气;优势;强度 Union is strength. 团结就是力量。 1,500-metre r
36、ace is his strength. 1500米赛跑是他的强项。 The medicine has lost its strength. 这药已经失效了。 3. tolerate 小试牛刀 翻译句子 我们不能容忍这种浪费现象。答案：We cannot tolerate such waste. 我们老师容不得任何考试作弊行为。答案：Our teacher wont tolerate any cheating on exams.,他不能忍受被称作撒谎的人。答案：He cant tolerate being called a liar. 单项填空 Some old people dont lik
37、e pop songs because theycant so much noise. A. resist B. endure C. tolerate D. stand 解析：选C。句意为：一些老年人不喜欢流行音乐， 因为他们无法忍受那些噪音。resist 抵抗，反抗；endure忍受（痛苦、不幸、困难、疲劳）等;stand抵御，抵抗；tolerate忍受。根据句意可知，选C。 【释义】tolerate vt. 容忍， 忍耐；忍受；容许 常用结构： tolerate sth./doing sth. 忍受某事/做某事,易混辨析bear/endure/stand/tolerate/put up w
38、ith bear强调忍受痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力（常用于否定句中）。 endure指经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服，强调持久力和意志坚强（常用于否定句中）。 stand 强调不屈不挠或经受得起（常用于否定句中）。 tolerate 和put up with意义相近，指忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗，语气最弱（既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中）。 4. oppose 小试牛刀 完成句子 我们都强烈反对暴力和战争。 We all violence and war. 答案：strongly oppose,翻译句子 我们反对什么都照抄外国的。答案：We oppose copying ever
39、ything foreign. 我父母非常反对我出国。答案：My parents are much opposed to my going abroad. 【释义】oppose vt. 反对；反抗；抵抗 常用结构： oppose doing sth. 反对做某事 oppose oneself to sth. 反对某事 be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事;与相对立 5. calm 小试牛刀 完成句子 你必须设法保持冷静。 You must try to .,大风过后,大海又恢复了平静。 The high wind passed and the sea again
40、. 母亲给了婴儿一些牛奶，使她安静了下来。 The mother by giving her some milk. 答案：stay calm was calm calmed the baby 选词填空(calm/quiet/still) I need a place to study. You should keep even in face of danger. Keep while I comb your hair. 答案：quiet calm still 【释义】 calm adj. 镇静的,沉着的;无风(浪)的;平静的；vt. 使安静，使镇定；使平静 常用结构： calm down镇定
41、下来;平静下来，冷静,易混辨析calm/peaceful/quiet/still calm主要用于指气候、海洋“风平浪静的”；也可指人，表示“安静的；镇静的”。 peaceful指“和平的”，表示“没有骚扰和战争的”。 quiet 指“没有吵闹声的；没有噪音的”。 still 指“静止的,不动的, 静寂的”。 6. suit 小试牛刀 翻译句子 很难找到一个人人都适合的时间。答案：Its difficult to find time that suits everyone. 谁替你裁剪的这套服装？答案：Who cut the suit for you?,选词填空(fit/suit/match)
42、 It doesnt you to have your hair cut short. A red jacket doesnt green trousers. No dish all tastes. The trousers dont him; they are too small. 答案：suit match suits fit 【释义】suit vt. 适合，相配;n. 套装, 西装 易混辨析fit/suit/match fit 指大小、形状的合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。 suit 指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位等，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。 match 多指大小、
43、色调、形状、性质等的搭配。即：与相匹配。,7. convey 小试牛刀 完成句子 请代我向她表示祝贺。 Please her. 电线把电流从发电厂输送给用户。 Wires from power stations to the user. 答案：convey my congratulations to convey electricity 翻译句子 According to one study, words convey only 7 percent of a persons message.答案：根据一项研究表明：言语只传达了一个人百分之七的讯息。 【释义】convey vt. 传达，表达；运
44、输，输送,重点短语 8. rid .of . 小试牛刀 翻译句子 什么能够驱除房子中的老鼠呢？答案：What can rid a house of rats? 【释义】rid .of .消除/去除当中的 联想拓展 rid oneself of a bad habit抛弃不良习惯 rid oneself of sth.摆脱;从中摆脱 get rid of摆脱；除去，驱除，拔除(眼中钉) be rid of sb./sth.摆脱某人/某事,9. date back to 小试牛刀 单项填空 Angkor Wat is a famous temple which the 11th century.
45、A. dates from to B. dates back to C. dates in D. dates back 解析：选B。句意为：吴哥窟的历史始于11世纪。date back to=date from始于 【释义】date back to(从现在起往前)追溯到；始于；从起就有了 联想拓展 date v. 始于（某一历史时期）；确定年代 date from追溯到；始于 date n.日期；约会 make a date with sb.与某人约会 up to date现代的，时新的 out of date过时的 to date=so far=up to now迄今，到目前为止,Unit 4 Behind beliefs核心单词 1. expression 小试牛刀 单项填空 There was no on her face. A. express B. expression C. expressed D. expressing 解析：选B。expression n. 表情；脸色。句意为：她脸上毫无表情。 【释义】 expression n. 表达；表示；表情；脸色；措辞；词句 联想拓展 express v. 表达 express oneself表达自己的思想/感情/意见,
