1、1alley ; nC 1.a narrow street between or behind buildings 市镇中的 小巷，胡同 2.a path in a garden or park , esp.one borderd by trees or bushes花园，公园内的小径。 3.a long track along which balls are rolled in order to knock over bottle-shaped objects in bowling or skittles保龄球，九柱戏等的球道。 常用短语 right up/down sb.s alley A
2、mE very suitable for someone 美 正合某人的胃口， 非常适合某人；Ex: The job sounds right up your alley.这项工作听上去正合你的胃口。alley cat : n.C a cat that lives on the streets and does not belong to anyone 流浪猫；野猫blind alley: n.C 1. a small narrow street with no wayout at one end 死胡同，死巷子 2. an attempt to achieve something which
3、 does not produce useful results.行不通的努力。 bowling alley: n. C a building where you go bowling 保龄球场典型试题 Davies house is down a long narrow_. A.street B. road C.alley D.path试题详解 答案 C .alley 小巷，胡同。句意：戴维斯的家在一条狭长的胡同里。A.street 大街，街道；B. road 路，道路，公路；D.path 人走出来的小径，小道。bitterness n.C the state of being angry
4、and upset 生气，心烦，痛苦典型试题 She was full of hatred and _A.bitter B.miserable C.sadness D.bitterness试题详解 答案 D.痛苦，辛酸。句意：她满腔仇恨和辛酸. A.bitter,心酸的，惨痛的，苦味的，是一个形容词；B.miserable 同样也是一个形容词，词性不对，表悲惨的，不幸的，可怜的，意思；C.sadness 仅仅只是伤心的意思，是一个名词。构词法 bitterness: 词形变换 ；bitter adj. 有苦味的，苦的；指寒冷，风等刺骨的；严寒的；辛酸的，惨痛的，难以接受的。Bitterness
5、 /b/ the property of having a harsh unpleasant taste 苦味The state of being angry and upset 怨恨 仇恨 痛苦【Derivative】Bitter adj. 苦的， 令人痛苦的 . Bitterly adv. 苦苦的，悲痛地典型考题She had a lot of _after the breakup.A bitterness B sad C happiness D bitter试题分析 此题答案选 A详细解答 句意：她在分手之后充满了怨恨。Civil WarA war between groups of p
6、eople in the same Country 内战【common phrase】Civil marriage 不在教堂举行的婚礼 Civil right 民权 Civil law 民法Call it quits to agree to stop a contest ,quarrel ,etc. Because both sides seem equal(因势均力敌)同意停止比赛（或争吵等） to decide to stop doing sth 决定停止【synonym】call it a day 【典型例题】At midnight, the student decided to _an
7、d closed his booksA call off B call onC call it quits D call up【试题分析】 此题测词组意义，答案为 C【详细解答】 句意为 夜深了，这个学生决定学到这里然后合上书 。 call off 取消 call on 拜访，求助 call up 唤起，提出Dirt road Noun. A rough road in the country that is 2made from hard earth 土路eg. The car cause a cloud of dust as it went down the dirt roadDirt 1
8、. unclean matter (eg. Dust ,soil ) esp when it is where it is not wanted 2 loose earth or soil 松土【common phrase】As cheap as dirt 低级的，贱如粪土 fling/throw dirt at sb 诽谤某人Treat sb like dirt 轻待某人【Derivative】Dirty adj.脏的5 down and out Noun. a person who has no home or money and live on the street 贫困潦倒的人，无家可
9、归的人; The writer is down and out, but he goes on writing.drip /Vi. usually +adv./prep. to fall in small drops 滴下 : She was hot and sweat dripped into her eyes. to produce drops of liquid 滴出，滴水 : The tap was drippingNoun. the sound or action of small drops of liquid falling continuously 滴落，滴水声，滴答声 : T
10、he silence was broken only by the steady drip, drip of water from the roof. a small drop of liquid that falls from sth 水滴，滴液 : We put a bucket under the hole in the roof to catch the drips. 【common phrase】Drip (with) sth .含有，充满，充溢【Synonym Discrimination】Drop: to fall or allow sth to fall by accident
11、 （意外的）落下，掉下，使落下【Derivative】Dripping n. /adj. （烤肉时滴下的）油/湿淋淋的Drip-dry adj. (指衣服)很快滴干的，滴干免熨的Drip-feed verb 喂饲 分作小量点滴给予【典型例题】The trees were _ with fruit.A dripping B dropping C drifting D drooping解析：由句意可知树上挂满了水果。B 项意为滴落 C 项为漂流 D 项为下垂，低垂。故答案选 A.druggist /1. a person whose job is to prepare and sell medic
12、ines,and who works in a shop 药剂师，药商【Derivative】drug n. 毒品，药 vt. 使麻醉 druggie n. 吸毒者 drugstore n. 药房【Synonym】Chemist Pharmacist 药剂师，药商farmhousef:mhausn the main house on a farm ,where the farmer lives 农场住宅，农舍例句：Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.以下是由 farm 构成的合成词：farmhand 农场工人 farmhous
13、e 农舍 farmland 农田 farmstead 农庄farmyard 农家场院典型考题 The family has lived on a _for two years.A farmhouse B farmyard C farm D farmland试题详解 此题考查词意及搭配，答案为 句意：这家人在农场居住了两年。farmhouse 农舍 farmyard 农家庭院 farmland 农田 on a farm 在农场 ,固定搭配。general denrl adj.(1) affecting all or most people ,places or things 全体的，普遍的 .
14、The general opinion is that the conference was a success. (2) usually before noun normal, usual 正常的，常规的 There is one exception to this general principle.3(3)not detailed; described the main things only 大概的，概括的，大致的 I check the bookings to get a general idea of what activities to plan.n. a high rank i
15、n the army or air force 将军 a four-star general 四星上将常用短语 In general 通常地，大体上as a general rule 一般说来general knowledge 常识派生词 generalize v 概括，归纳generalist n 全才，通才generalized adj 笼统的，全面的generalship n 管理才能，将军职权outgeneral v 以谋略取胜generality n 概述，概论 ，大部分复合词 general-purpose 多用途的 general staff 参谋部， （全体）幕僚 genera
16、l strike 总罢工反义词 specific special unusual 易混淆词 Common : (1) happening often 常见的 （2）shared by or belonging to two or more people 共同的Ordinary :usually before nounnot unusual or different in any way ,nothing special 平凡的 general :侧重普遍的，总的，常规的典型考题 He was something of a humorist ,and rather deficent in _ed
17、ucation ; but acute , patient , and upright .A common B ordinaryC usual D general试题详解 答案 D. 句意：他带几分幽默感，可也缺少教养;但是他灵敏，有耐心，为人正直。 General 在此的意思为：not limited to a particular subject, use or activity 非专门的，普通的 general education 普通教育 取此意的如：a general hospital 综合医院glimpse glimpsn. 1a look at sb or sth for a v
18、ery short time, when you do not see the person or thing completely 一瞥，一看 he caught a glimpse of her in the crowd.固定搭配 glimpse at sb or sth glimpse of sb or sth常用短语 catch a glimpse of 瞥见2 a short experience of sth that helps you to understand it 短暂的感受（体会，领会） The programme gives us a rare glimpse of a
19、 great artist at work .固定搭配 glimpse into of sthvT to see sb or sth for a moment ,but not very clearly 瞥见易混淆词 gaze glare glance glimpse staregaze : to look steadily at sb or sth for a long time 凝视，注视 和 stare 意思相近glare :to look at sb or sth in an angry way 怒目而视glance : to give a quick short look 瞥见gla
20、nce 和 glimpse：两者均表示“ 一瞥”、 “瞥见”， 意思相近，但有细微区别： glance(= quick look)多指有意识的瞥见，且强调瞥见的动作，而 glimpse(=short look)则多指无意识的瞥见，且强调瞥见的结果。比较：He took a glance atthe newspaper headlines.(他浏览了报上的标题) ，I caught a glimpse of her inthe crowd.(我在人群中瞥见了她) 。典型考题 There were many people present and he appeared only for a few
21、 seconds，so I only caught a _ of him.A glance B glimpseC look D sight试题详解 答案 B 句意：这么多人在场，并且他只出现了一下，所以我只是瞥了他一眼。catch a glimpse of 是固定词组 通常的搭配形式是： catch/ get a glimpse of (瞥见) glance：通常搭配的动词是 take/ have/ cast a glance at look：have/ take a look at. fool around ( about )41 to say or do stupid or silly t
22、hings, often in order to make people laugh 说蠢话，干傻事 (常为逗乐)If you fool around with matches, you will end up getting burned.2 to waste time instead of doing sth that you should be doing 闲耍，虚度光阴The workers always fool around when the supervisor steps out.3 to have a sexual relationship with sb who is no
23、t your partner 和某人乱搞男女关系She has been fooling around with a married man .get hold of1get hold of sb sth: to have or take sb or sth in your hands 抓住，拿着He got hold of her wrists so she couldnt get away.2get hold of sb :to contact or find sb 和某人联系，找到某人Where have you been ? I have been trying to get hold
24、 of you all day .3get hold of sth :(1) to find sth that you want or need 找到所需要的东西It is almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.(2)to learn or understand sth 学会，理解get word : to get news or message，to get to know or become aware of 获知，得知典型考题 I just get _ that your appointment with our m
25、anager will have to be put off.A get across B get around C get word D get by试题详解 考查词意 答案为 C 句意：我刚刚得知你和我们经理的约定将会被推迟。get across 被理解，把讲清楚 get around 各处走动 传播 get by 维持生计，勉强应付harnessnc (1).a set of leather straps and metal pieces that is put around a horses head and body so that the horse can be controll
26、ed and fastened to a carriage etc. 马具，挽具(2).a set of straps for fastening something to a persons body or to keep them from moving off or falling(防止坠落或摔倒的)背带，保护带常用短语in harness(BrE.) doing your normal work, esp. after a rest or a holiday in harness with sb. (BrE.) working closely with sb. in order to
27、achieve sth.headquarters hed,kw:tzn. (pl. headquarters) the central office or place where the people work who control a large organization, such as the police or army or a private company 大本营，总部，总公司，总办事处3. Irish airi adj. peaceful 表现良好的；守秩序的e.g：The elections were conducted in a peaceful and orderly
28、fashion.n. Ca person who works in a hospital, usually doing jobs that do not need any special training （医院的）护理员a soldier who does jobs that do not need any special training 勤务兵【常用短语】a calm and orderly life 一个平静和有秩序的生活 an orderly demonstration 一个有秩序的示威7【典型考题】The girls rooms are all in _ condition. In
29、 contrast, the boys are in disorder.A. orderly B. clean C. smooth D. sequential【试题分析】本题答案为 A。 orderly 整齐的；clean 干净的； smooth 平坦的，光滑的；sequential 序列的【词型变换】orderliness （n.） 【u】整齐状态【近义词辨析】orderly，methodical 和systematic 都含“有秩序的” 、 “有顺序的”的意思。Orderly 指不乱，有一定秩序和规则的；methodical 指很有规律的，按部就班的；systematic 指有系统的。pa
30、rade preidnoun.C a public celebration of a special day or event, usually with bands in the streets and decorated vehicles 游行C, U a formal occasion when soldiers march or stand in lines so that they can be examined by their officers or other important people 检阅；阅兵e.g：They stood as straight as soldier
31、s on paradeC a series of things or people 一系列（人或事）e.g：Each generation passes through a similar parade of events.C, usually sing. (often disapproving) an obvious display of sth, particularly in order to impress other people 夸示；炫耀C (especially BrE) (often in names) a street with a row of small shops 有
32、一排商店的街道verb.V usually +adv./prep. to walk somewhere in a formal group of people, in order to celebrate or protest about sth 游行；游行示威/庆祝e.g：The victorious team will parade through the city tomorrow morning.V +adv./prep. to walk around in a way that makes other people notice you 招摇过市；大摇大摆e.g：People wer
33、e parading up and down showing off their finest clothes.VN +adv./prep. to show sb/sth in public so that people can see them/it 展览；展示e.g：The prisoners were paraded in front of the crowd.+adv./prep. to come together, or to bring soldiers together, in order to march in front of other people （使）列队行进；接受检
34、阅e.g：The colonel paraded his men before the Queento pretend to be, or to make sb/sth seem to be, good or important when they are not （使）冒充；伪装；打扮成【常用短语】the Lord Mayors parade 主市长游行 a military parade 军事检阅a shopping parade 购物街 【通常用法】make a parade of wealth, knowledge, etc. 炫耀财富，学识等Parade (sb/sth) as st
35、h 把某人（某物）打扮成【典型考题】The small boys loved watching the soldiers on _.A. procession B. paradeC. march D. stroll【试题分析】本题答案为 B。 parade 列队行进，与 on 搭配。【近义词辨析】pageant （n.）盛会；庆典；游行；虚饰；露天表演。pondnoun. a small area of still water, especially 8one that is artificial.池塘词形变换：ponder verb. ponderous adj. ponderously a
36、dv. ponderousness U Synonym:lake , pool , puddle lake noun. large area of water surrounded by land larger than pond.pool nounCa small area of still water ,especially one that has formed naturally.puddle noun. a small amount of still water other liquid ,especially rain that has collected in one place
37、 on the ground.Presbyterian noun. a member of branch of the Christian Protestant that is the national church of Scotland and one of the largest churches in the US. It is governed by ELDERS who are all equal in rank.长老派成员（英格兰国教及美国最大教会之一）词形变换：Presbyterian adj. Presbyterianism noun. Presbystery noun.ra
38、ilrod /reud/noun .track for train.铁路，铁道railroader noun.(AmE)=railwayman noun.(BrE)ridiculous adj. very silly or unreasonable, deserving ridicule.愚蠢的，荒谬的，可爱的，滑稽的。词形变换:ridicule noun/verb ridiculously adv. ridiculousness USynonyms:absurd , foolish , sillyAbsurd means completely ridiculous ;not logical
39、or sensible.foolish adj. a.(of actions or behaviors)not showing good sense or judgment.b.(not usually before noun)made to feel or look silly and embarrassed.silly adj. a showing a lack of thought ,understanding or judgment .b. stupid or embarrassing ,especially in a way that is more typical of a chi
40、ld than an adult.典型考题Its _that historians should have no access to official documents for such a long time.A. terrific B .ridiculous C .deplorable D. stubborn试题详解 此题测试词的意思，答案为 B试题分析 It is ridiculous that 句型中，that从句的谓语动词用 should+动词原形表虚拟。terrific 为了不起的，deplorable 为可悲的(行为)，stubborn(人的性格)固执的。所以答案为 B。5.S
41、cotsman /sktsmn/noun .native of Scotland.苏格兰人(男人)词形变换:Scotch adj. Scottish adj/noun Differences between Scotch ,Scottish and Scots Scotland : the adjective Scottish is used of the people and things of Scotland, Scots only its people ,its law and language, Scotch is mainly used of certain products su
42、ch as Whisky and brith .shed noun. one -story building used for storing things ,sheltering animals, vehicles .etc. or as a workshop.棚，小屋verb a. lose sth by its falling off ;let sth fall or came off 脱落，蜕b .allow(sth) to pour out 流出，流下c .spread or send sth out 散发Synonyms；hut , shack , shelter ,storeho
43、use9hut noun. a small simply-made building.shack noun. a small building ,usually made of wood or metal, that has not been built well.shelter noun. place where one can safe from bad weather, danger, etc.storehouse noun. a building where things are stored.典型考题During the ten years war, many people _blo
44、od for their country.A. devoted B. reserved C .shed D. tempted试题详解 此题考词的意思，答案为 C.试题分析 shed ones blood 为流血;devote与 to 连用，将、 、 、 、 、 、奉献给;reserve 为保留，储备的意思，tempt 为引诱，诱惑，所以选 C.常用词组：Shed ones blood (tears)流血（泪） shed skin 蜕皮Shed ones clothes 脱衣服 shed leaves 落叶show up to arrive where you have arranged to
45、meet somebody or do something.如约赶到，出现，到场，露面典型考题It was getting late when she finally_.A. showed off B. showed up C. showed in D. showed around试题详解 此题考察词组的意思，答案为 B,试题分析 show off 为炫耀，卖弄 show up 为出现，到场，露面 show in 为领入 show around 为带、 、 、 、 、 、到处看看，所以选 B。常用词组：show in 领某人进入 show off 炫耀，卖弄 show up 露面，显出，出席，
46、到场 show ones face 露面 show over 带某人在某地参观一遍show through 从某物透出；从某事显露Smash sm v.1.I;Tn;Tn.p ( cause sth to ) be broken violently into pieces （使某物）粉碎，破碎：The door was rusty, so we had to smash the door open.2. Tn;Tn.pr hit ( sb/sth ) very hard 重击，痛击，猛击（某人/某物）： Ill smash you in the eye.3.Tn (infml 口) defea
47、t or destroy ( eg an opponent or his activities ); end ( esp sth bad ) 击败或粉碎（如对手或其行动） ；结束（尤指坏事）：We are determined to smash terrorism.补充意义 ：v. smash a record 大破记录n.single act or sound of smashing 破碎；破碎时发出的声音：The plate hit the floor with a smash.n.C (also smash-up) car crash 撞车：an awful smash (-up) on the motorway.n.C tennis stroke in which a player smashes 10the ball 网球的高压球：develop a powerful smash.n.C (also smash hit) play , song , film , etc which is suddenly very successful 极为轰动的歌曲、戏剧、演出等常用短语 ：smash into 撞到里面；与相撞；smash ones way out of (into) 一路砸门跑出（进） ；smash down 撞倒；撞毁；smash up 撞毁
