1、1情态动词的语法特征1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情 态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分 词，等形式。1、表示能力：can/could , be able to (+do)1) can 和 be able to 的区别：观察以下各句，可知 can 只能用于 和 ；be able to 可用于各种 时态 。eg: I can /am able to speak English. 他能说英语。 He c
2、ould/ was able to eat four pieces of bread when he was young. They will be able to finish the housework soon.2）Can/could you+ 动原+其它？表示征求对方意见或提出请求，表示委婉语气，但在这个句型里 could 比 can 更委婉。但要注意它的回答用 can 不用 could.Eg: -Could you help me ?-Yes, I can. 2、表示许可： may/might, can/could. 但一定要注意：以 may 开头的疑问句的否定回答。例如：-May
3、I come in? Yes, you may. / No, you cant = No ,you mustnt.3、表示必须、必要：must, have to 表示 ；neednt 表示 。Eg: You must/ have to finish the work. 你必须完成这个工作。1）观察以下句子，我们可知 must 表示说话人的 ；have to 表示 。Eg: I must go home. 我必须回家； He has to give up smoking because of badly cough. 因为咳嗽，他不得不戒烟。2）观察以下句子，我们可知 mustnt 表示 ,译为
4、 ；dont have to译为 。Eg: You mustnt beat her. 你不准打她。 Must I finish my homework now?Yes, you must ./ No, you neednt=you dont have to-我必须现在完成作业吗？- 是的，你必 须 完成。/ 不，你不必了。4、表示推测： must, can, could , may, might.Eg: You run for hours, you must be very tired. 你跑了几个钟，你一定很累了。 It cant be John. He has gone to the UK
5、. 不可能是 John, 他已经去了英国。 Who can it be? -It may/could/might be Jack. It looks like him.-可能是 谁呢？-可能是 Jack, 看起来像他。观察以上各句总结：肯定推测 译为 ；否定推测 译为 ；疑问推测有个 译为 ；可能性推测用 。及时训练并归纳最常考情态动词的用法：1、-Would you like to go fishing with me ? -Yes, / 。2、-May I put these things here? -Yes, / No, 3、-Must we hand in our homework
6、today? -Yes, / No, 4、-Look! Someone is coming. It be our class teacher. (用must/can/could/may/might 填空 )-It be him. He has gone to Beijing.1. 中考怎么考？1. Look! Ive chosen so many things here.Do you know all these should _ (付2款) in US dollars? (pay)2. Shall we take a taxi? No, we _ . Its not far from her
7、e.A. cant B. mustnt C, shouldnt D. neednt3. Whose T-shirt is this?It be Johns. Its much too small for him.A. may B. must C. cant D. shouldnt4. What should we do about the trash?It (65) (必须带走) when you leave. (take)2. 中考考什么？1. 情态动词的用法：情态动词后 + 动词原形 例：You must finish the work.否定句：情态动词+not 例：He can not
8、carry the box.2. can “能力, 许可” 例：He can swim now. （能够）cant =cannot =can not “不能 ” 例： He cant swim now. (不能)could could 是“can 的过去式” 例：He could swim three years ago.could 还可以表示“客气委婉的 语气或请求” ，用在疑问句中。回答时用 can。例：Could Jim lend me his bike? -Yes, he can.can 和 be able to 在表示“能力”上意思相同，差 别不大。 can 只有现在和过去两种形式，
9、而 be able to 有更多的时态形式例：No one can do it. = No one is able to do it. Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter.3. may “可以,许可,” 例：May I borrow your ruler?may not “也许 不” 例：Today Jim may not come to our party.01. I _ follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt
10、 02. I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours?Yes, you _.A. can B. must C. could D. should03. .-Pauline has lost her phone. No. Its in her bag. I _ hear it.A. must B. can C. may D. shall04. . Finish your homework first, then youll _ watch TV for an hour.A. can B. be able to C. able D could
11、05. . _ I have lunch now, Mom?No. You must wash your hands first. A. Would B. May C. Ought to 06. . Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?Not yet. We _go to Qingdao . Its a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must07. . you please give me a hand? The box is too heavy.A. Should
12、B. Could C. Must D. Need4. must “必须 ” 例：You must finish the work today.must not =mustnt “不可以，不应该” 例：You mustnt lend the book to someone else.must 和 have to 都表示必须，must 强调主观看法，have to 强调客观事实需要。must 只有现在和过去两种形式，而 have to 有更多的时态形式。例：I must finish the work. （主观上想完成）My teacher will come to my home, so I h
13、ave to clean my room. （老师要来是客观原因）We will have to finish the work. （用于将来时用 have to，而 must 则不能）5. need “必要,必定” 例：You need start the work now. neednt =need not “不必” 例：We neednt hurry.need 还用作实意动词，有各种变化例：He needs to know it. （肯定句）He doesnt need to know it. （否定句）3Does he need to know it? （一般疑问句）6. have t
14、o +动词原形，表示 “必须做-” 。 例：He has to finish his homework at first. He doesnt have to finish his homework at first.The boys have to finish their homework at first. The boys dont have to finish their homework at first.01. Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?Yes, Im afraid we_ .Thats the traffic
15、 rule.A. can B. may C. have to D. need02. Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer?Sorry. You _ return it today.A. must B. mustnt C. can D. cant03. Children _ sit in the front seat of a car. Its too dangerous.A. need B. neednt C. must D. mustnt04. We _ pay to get into the concert. Its free.A.
16、cant B. mustnt C. might not D. dont have to7. 情态动词的一般疑问句的回答有变化Can he swim? Yes, he can. No, he cant.May I watch TV now? Yes, you may(can). No ,you mustnt.或 cant.Must I finish the work now? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. =you dont have to.01. Must I water the flowers now, mum?No, you . You do it late
17、r.A. mustnt; must B. mustnt; ma y C. neednt; may D. neednt; must02. May I take this magazine out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt03. Can I park my car in front of the building?No, you _. A. wont B. cant C. neednt D. couldnt04. May I play compu
18、ter games, Mom?No, you _.A. dont B. cant C. wouldnt D. wont05. May I smoke here? No, you _. This is a no-smoking room. A. neednt B. mustnt C. couldnt D. wouldnt 8. 情态动词表示猜测情态动词 推测 意思must must + 动词原形 “一定是-”may might maymight +动词原形 “也许是-”could could +动词原形 “可能是-”can cant + 动词原形 “不可能是-”例：You must be ill
19、. I can see it from your face. (一定是病了，表示对现在的推测)John is absent. He maymight be ill. (也许是病了，表示对现在的推测)The guitar could be Jims. (可能是，表示对现在的推测)He cant be in the room. （不可能是，表示 对现在的推测）01. Whos singing in the garden? It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time. A. must B. cant C. need02. Is
20、the man over there Mr. Brown?It _ him. He has gone to Brazil to watch the 2014 FIFA World Cup.A. may not B. cant be C. shouldnt D. mustnt 03. Bob, where is Linda?She _ be in the library, bu t I am not sure.A. must B. may C. need D. has to404. Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but wer
21、e not sure.A. neednt B. must C. might D. mustnt05. Is Mr Brown driving here?Im not sure. He _ come by train. A. may B. shall C. need D. must9. had better +动词原形，表示 “最好做-”。例：You had better take the books away.否定句：had better + not + 动词原形。例： You had better not take the books away.10. should + 动词原形，表示“应该
22、做-”。 例：They should finish the homework on time.shouldnt 表示 “不应该-” 例： They should not finish the homework at school.01. Its rather hot in the room. Youd better _ the windows or the door.A. close B. not to close C. dont close D. not close 02. A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With
23、 dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created. A. may B. must C. should 一网打尽：1. I know by what time you want the project to be done?By the day after tomorrow. you finish it on time? A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would2. Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith?No, you _
24、.A. cant B. shouldntC. wouldnt D. neednt3. The man is feeling much better now, so you _ call a doctor. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. shouldnt4. If you _ smoke, please go outside . A. ca n B. may C. mustD. might5. Look at the “No parking” sign. You _park your c ar here. A. should B. must C. neednt D
25、. mustnt6. _ you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago.Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might7. Here is my phone number. You _ call me anytime you like. A. must B. can C. should D. need8. Let s go climbing, shall we?You _ be joking! Dont you know Im afrai
26、d of high places?A. may B. can C. must D. should9. Are you interested in shopping online?Not so much. We _ see real products but pictures.A. shouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt10. Could you please have a walk with me?Sorry, I _. I have something important to do now.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. ma
27、y not11. Lingling, can I use your e-dictionary?Sure. But you _ return it after class.A. must B. can C. may D. would12. Look, someone left a book.Oh, yeah This book _ be Kittys. Only she likes to read this kind of books.A. can B. must C. may D. might13. Is the long-haired man Bruce?No, it _ be him. H
28、es in New York now.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not14. People _ wait until the traffic becomes green. Thats the traffic rule.A. must B. can C. need D. may15. Li Lei, hurry up! The bus is coming. Oh, no. We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green. 5A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt
29、D. have to 16. How many English words do you think I should know?As many as you _. Then you will find reading quite easy.A. will B. must C. can D. might17. Excuse me, sir. You _ open the door before the train stops.A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. dont have to18. You mustnt go off on your own, beca
30、use you_get lost in the mountains.A. should B. must C. need D. might19. Are you in a hurry?NO, Ive got plenty of time I wait.A. can B. cant C. must D. mustnt20. _ I help you, sir?Yes. I want a T-shirt. A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would 21. Honey, stay home before I return. I _, mum. A. must B. can C
31、. will D. should 22. Can I borrow your ruler，please?Yes，you . But you must return it to me before lunchtime. A. have B. can C. must D. used to23. Difficulties always go with me! Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there _ be a window opened for you. A. would B. must D. could D. can 24. A
32、my, I hear youve got many foreign coins. _ I have a look? Of course, Ill fetch them for you. A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 25. 29. Honey, how are you feeling now?I am much better, Mum. So you _ take me to see the doctor.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt26. Could you please tell me how to imp
33、rove my spoken English?-Certainly, I_. A. can B. could C. must 27. ( )Excuse me. How can I get to the railway station? -Turn left and then follow your nose. You _ miss it! A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt28. ( )May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema? -The rule says no. So you _. A. can
34、 B. mustnt C. may29. ( )Will you answer the telephone? It _ be your mother. -Sorry, I _. Im busy.A. can, mustnt B. will, cant C. may, cant D. need, will30. ( )Would you please help me with the questions? -Sorry. You _ go and ask Mary. She _ know the answer.A. must, can B. can, may C. need, can D. mu
35、st, may31. ( )Lets go to the concert tonight, Michael! -Sorry, I _. I have to help my mother with the housework. A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt D. cant32. ( )It seems that it is going to rain. Youd better _ the windows open when you leave the house.A. not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave33
36、. ( )Four hundred dollars for a pair of shoes! You _ be joking! A. may B. can C. need D. must634. ( )There is somebody at the door. _ I go and see who it is? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Would35. ( )We _ fight against pollution. A. may B. should C. mustnt D. neednt36. ( )Is Simon coming by train? -He
37、 should, but he _ not. He like s driving his car. A. may B. shall C. need D. must37. ( )Will you please stay here for the party? -Sorry, I _. Ill have to go to an important meeting. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont38. ( )_ I have to show the school report to my parents, Miss King! -Yes, you do. A
38、. Must B. Do C. Can D. May39. ( )You must come back every month. -Yes, I _. A. will B. must C. should D. can40. ( )Tom, you _ play with the knifeYou_ hurt yourselfBA. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; should41. ( )Im afraid I need a pair of glasses. I _ hardly see the words on the
39、 blackboard.- Thats terrible. You may have got poor eyesight. A. can B. must C. may D. need42. ( )Last year I _ drive. I used to take the bus. A. could B. couldnt C. should D. shouldnt 43. ( )_ I try on those shoes in the window?_. They are just on show.A. Could; Yes, you can B. Can; Sorry, you coul
40、dnt C. Could; Sorry, you cant D. Can; Yes, you could44. ( )-Have you heard that some bad thing would happen in 2012?-Dont worry! The news_ be true.A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt45. ( )Drivers _wear the safety belt when driving. This is the traffic rule. A. can B. may C. will D. must.46. Peter , we n
41、eed to clean the house. Could you please ( sweep ) the floor?47. If you dont tell me what the problem is, I cant (help) you.48. We must the teachers instructions when we are in the lab.49. David can very fast. Im sure he will win the race at the sports meeting.50. Its 11:00 in the evening now. You cant the last bus. 51. You shouldnt about your mother. She is OK.
