1、简单句基本句式和句子成分A)英语中的简单句有五种基本句型，它可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。五种基本句型构成如下：谓语部分种类 句型 主语谓语动词 表语 宾语 宾语补足语第 1种S V 主谓结构 Birds fly.第 2种SVO 主谓宾结构 He plays the piano.第 3种SVP 主系表结构 Weare(系动词)friends.第 4种SVO1O2 主谓双宾结构I gavehim a pen.(间宾)( 直宾)第 5种SVOC 主谓宾宾补结构Tom made me cry.说明S主语；V谓语； P表语；O 宾语；O1 间接宾语； O2直接宾语；C 宾语补足语判断下列句子的类型并理
2、解 be 动词的用法(连系动词/助动词)1The boy is asleep._式_2The boy is sleeping._式_3The boy is playing the guitar._式_4He is playing happily._式_5His music is very beautiful._式_B)句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语，以下是句子成份详解及巧记口诀一览表：句子成分 意义 充当词类 例句主语The Subject句子说明的人或事物。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等。American_music
3、 has become popular.We often speak English in class.谓语The Predicate说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，一般放在主语之后。动词We are students.He practices running every morning.宾语The Object表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和宾语从句等。The girls like English.He gave me a_book yesterday.表语The Predicative说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它
4、一般位于系动词之后。名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词和表语从句等。Our teacher is an_American.My car is white.We were at_school just now.宾语补足语The ObjectComplement补充说明宾语的性质、特征等。名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句等。His father named her Lily.They painted their boat white.定语The Attribute修饰名词或代词，具有形容词性质。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语等。Guilin is a
5、 beautiful city.What is his name?We have four lessons every day.状语The Adverbial修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，具有副词性质，说明动作或状态特征。副词、介词短语和相当于副词的词或短语等。We often get up early.He has lived in the city for_ten_years.句子成分 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。学记口诀 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。翻译下列句子1学生们学习很努力。_2这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_3我上周末看了一部电影。_4昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物
6、。_5我们发现他是一个诚实的人。_判断这些句子的类型1She is a very good girl._式2They laughed._式3I bought a new bike._式4He gave a good book to me._式5He asked me to help him._式答案A)1.SVP；连系动词 2.SV；助动词 3.SVO；助动词 4.SV；助动词 5.SVP；连系动词B)1.The students work very hard.2The food tasted very terrible.3I saw a film last weekend.4Her father bought a bike for her as a birthday present yesterday.5We found him an honest man.A.1.SVP 2.SV 3.SVO 4.SVO2O1 5.SVOC
