1、第 1 页 共 38 页阅读简答专项训练ANearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their education. There are many expenses. First of all, there is tuition (学费). At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars
2、 a year. At some community (社区) colleges, tuition is free. There are other expenses as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments ( flats), and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Some f
3、amilies start saving money for their childrens education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans (贷款 ) from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education. 阅读短文，回答问题或完成答句，每题词数不超过 5 个1. Which studen
4、ts pay for their education?_ in colleges and universities pay for their education. 2. How much is the higher tuition? It is _ or more. 3. Are there any free tuition colleges?_.4.Why do many students live in dormitories or apartments?Because they_. 5. What must students buy finally? They must _. 6. W
5、hen do many students pay back their loans from the government?They pay them back_. BSome people want to be shot into space after their death, others want to lie deep under the sea. But most people want to go into the freezer(冷藏库).These are believers in cryogenics(低温冷冻学). Now some diseases cant be cu
6、red, but they may be cured sometime in the future. So some people hope that their bodies can be frozen after they die. When a cure is found, warm up his or her body, bring it back to life and take the cure. Once the body is frozen, it is kept in liquid nitrogen(液态氮) at a temperature of 328 degrees b
7、elow zero. Now around a thousand people are going to take cryogenic treatment(处理), though most scientists say it wont work. If we freeze huge creatures(生物) like humans, every one of their cells(细胞) will be broken. Can they be brought back to life in the future? 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。7. Where do most people
8、hope that their bodies are kept after their death?_8. Why do they want the world to keep their bodies well?_第 2 页 共 38 页9. How do scientists usually keep a dead mans body?_10. How many people are going to take cryogenic treatment after they die?_CA rich man was once riding along the road and saw an
9、old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?” “This is a fig(无花果) tree, sir. ” He said. “A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I a
10、sk?” “I am ninety years old.” “What!” cried the rich man, “Youre ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and itll take years to give fruit. You certainly dont hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. ” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile,
11、 “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy? ”“Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why-why? I dont know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man,“Our forefathers(祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the
12、 same for the people after me.” The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right，my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away. 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。11.What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him? _12. How old was the old man? _13. Th
13、e old man was planting the tree to get himself some fruit to eat，wasnt he? Who was he planting the tree for? _14. Did the rich man eat figs when he was a boy? _15. What should we do for the people after us? _DIn general，laws for children are a good thing. One hundred years ago in industrial countrie
14、s, children worked 18 hours a day in a factory at age seven. The factory owner could beat a child who fell asleep or was not fast enough. Both parents and teachers could do the same. Today, there are many laws about children all over the world. Some people think children must obey rules or they shou
15、ld be punished，others do not agree. The Inuits or Eskimos in Alaska almost never punish their children. The parents dont hit them. If the children go too far，the parents punish them by making fun of them. Children in other parts of the world are not as lucky as Eskimo children. American parents can
16、spank(打臀部) their children at home，but a teacher cannot hit a child in 第 3 页 共 38 页a public school. This is also true in Germany. In contrast(对比), it is against the law for anyone to hit a child in Sweden. Swedish parents cannot spank their children. The children also have a special government offici
17、al who works for their rights. There is even a plan for children to divorce from their parents though this is not a law yet！ 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。16. How were children treated in industrial countries 100years ago? _.17. What does the author mean by “go too far?”_.18. Can a teacher in Germany hit his studen
18、ts in public school? _.19. What kind of people can beat children in Sweden? _.20. What does it mean by “a plan for children to divorce from their parents?”_.ESydney is a young city. Its history goes back just over 200 years. But in Australia, it is the oldest city. It is also the countrys largest ci
19、ty. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the most populous(人口稠密的) city of Australia. The climate(气候) of Sydney is very good. Its not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. The sky is blue，the air is fresh(清新的), birds sing in the garden. People who live in Sydney seem t
20、o have an easy life style. They will tell you, “Dont worry. ” Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world. It has many tall and modern buildings. Among them, Centrepoint Tower is the tallest. Standing on the 305-metre(80 storeys) tower, you will have a great view(
21、视野) of the city. Sydney is famous for its deep harbor(港口) .The harbor has many bays(湾) and beautiful surf beaches. Among them, Bondi beach is the most popular. Sydney Harbor is not only beautiful, it also serves as a large port. Ships carry wool, wheat and meat from Sydney to other countries. People
22、 living in Sydney like to call themselves Sydneysiders. They are mostly friendly and easygoing. When they are not working, they love to have a good time at the beach, swimming and sailing. 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。21. How old is Sydney? 。 _22. How is the climate of Sydney? 。 _23. How tall is Centrepoint Tower?
23、 。 _24. What is Sydney famous for? 。 _25. What do people living in Sydney love to do when they are not working? 。 _第 4 页 共 38 页【参考答案】A 篇【 文 章 大 意 】 几乎所有的美国大学生都要支付教育费用。首先是学费。有些学校的学费很贵，高达一万美元一年甚至更多。还有其它的费用，如住宿费。最后还有教材费。有些家庭在孩子还小的时候就开始积攒教育经费，很多学生通过工作来挣钱支付学费，他们也可以向政府借贷，毕业后再还。1. Nearly all American stude
24、nts 2. ten thousand dollars a year 3. Yes, there are some 4. study in other cities / leave their homes to study / study away from their homes / dont study near their homes 5. buy textbooks for their courses6. when they finish their educationB 篇【 文 章 大 意 】 有些人死后想被发射到太空去，有些人想被深埋在海底之下，但多数人想要被低温冷冻。现在有些疾
25、病不能治疗，但到了将来它们可能会被治好。于是有些人希望死后尸体能被冷冻起来，等找到了治疗方法，再让他们复活。尽管大多数科学家认为这种方法不起作用，还是有 1,000 多人准备接受低温冷冻。7. In the freezer. 8. They hope that they can come back to life one day. 9. They usually keep it in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 328 degrees below zero. 10. Around 1.000 people.C 篇【 文 章 大 意 】 一位富人见一位
26、 90 岁的老人在种无花果树，感到很惊讶。老人对他说，“我们的祖先为我们栽树，供我们享受，我也为我的后人们做同样的事。”11.He was planting a fig tree. 12. He was ninety years old. 13. No, he wasnt. He was planting the tree for the people after him . 14. Yes, he did. 15. We should do some good things for the people after us.D 篇【 文 章 大 意 】 通常而言，为儿童制定法律是件好事。100
27、 多年前，在工业国家，7 岁大的孩子在工厂一天要工作 18 小时，工厂的老板可以打小孩，家长和老师们也可以这样做。今天世界上有很多保护儿童的法律。有些人认为儿童应该遵纪守法，否则就要受到惩罚。其他人则不同，爱斯基摩人从不惩罚儿童。如果孩子们做得太过份了，父母亲用开玩笑的方式来惩罚他们。在其他地方则不同，美国的家长可以在家打孩子的屁股，但老师不能在学校打学生。德国跟美国一样。但在瑞士任何人都不能打孩子，并有专门的政府部门来维护孩子们的权利。16. They were treated very badly. 17. Do something too much. 18. No, he cant. 第
28、 5 页 共 38 页19. None can do that. 20. A plan for ending the childrens relationship with their parents.E 篇【 文 章 大 意 】 这是一篇介绍悉尼的文章，分别从历史、气候、建筑、港口和居民等方面阐述了悉尼的迷人之处。21. Its just over 200 years old. 22. Its not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. Its very good. 23. Its 305 meters
29、tall. 24. Sydney is famous for its deep harbor. 25. They love to go swimming and sailing.阅读简答实例分析(A)John Smith was an old porter. He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people. He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone. He was always ready to help o
30、thers.One morning he stood in the station. He was waiting for the train. Just then he saw a man running towards the trains with a big bag in his hand.“No train is starting. Why is he in such a hurry?” the old man thought to himself.He went up to the man and asked, “May I help you?”As soon as the man
31、 saw the porter, he stopped running.“Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?” the man asked. He looked worried.The old porter looked at him for a few seconds and said, “Well, sir. Id like to help you, but I cant answer your question because I dont know how fast you can run.” Then he explained to the
32、man, “The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago. Can you run fast enough to catch it?”1. What was Johns job?2. Where do you think the man was going?3. Why did the man run towards the trains and look worried? 4. What time was it when the man got to the station? 5. What do you think of John Smit
33、h?【答案及解析】通读全文, 故事讲述的是车站搬运工 John Smith 有一天在火车站同一名旅客间的一段对话，故事很幽默。第一个问题是一个细节题，第 1 段清楚地说明了他的工作：John Smith was an old porter。porter 的意思的“( 车站、码头 ) 的搬运工人” ，如果考生不认识这个词，也可以由 He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people.这两句话了解他的工作性质。因此第一个问题的回答：Johns job was to carry he
34、avy things for the people at station. / He was a porter.第 6 页 共 38 页第二个问题是一个推理题，问题:这名旅客要去哪里。由文中这句旅客的问话 Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?很容易推断出他要去伦敦。第三个问题仍要求考生推理得出答案，问题：为什么此人看上去很急的样子朝火车赶去。很显然是因为他在赶火车。对 why 提问要用 because 进行回答，第三个问题的回答是Because he wanted to catch the 10:35 train to London. 第四个问题是推理题
35、, 问的是：这名旅客赶到火车站的时间。由下文 John 的回答 The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago 可知火车已开走，这名旅客赶到的时间是大约10: 40，因此第四题的回答是 It was about10：40 (twenty to eleven) 。第五个问题是归纳题, 考查考生对文章大意的理解。这个问题的回答实际上就是全文的中心句, 在第一自然段里已做了介绍。He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone and always ready to help others.(B
36、)John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington, He inherited(继承) $ 1,000, 000 when he was 23. He didnt feel happy at all. His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didnt have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didnt tell any of his friends an
37、d gave $ 100, 000 of his money to a charity(慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. Up to now,John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $ 200 a month for each. The child does not receive the money in cash(现金). The money pays for the chi
38、lds school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on the childs progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was not anything special,” he said, “Unt
39、il I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had.”Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very very happy,” he said, “I saw that the mo
40、ney was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot” “ I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need, “he added. 根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词：1. What kind of life is John living?He is living a _ 2. Did John want to look fo
41、r a job or stay at home after he got the money?_ 3. Does John only help the poor children in Africa?_4. The child receives the money in cash, doesnt he?_5. Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting?Because he saw his money was well used and this made him_. 6 How do you
42、 like John Brown?He is_第 7 页 共 38 页【答案及解析】这篇短文讲述的是 John Brown 继承了一笔遗产,并用这笔钱来资助 15 个孩子的故事。注意有的问题是用句子回答，有的则是用短语或词回答，词数有要求，不能超过五个单词。阅读简答的答题技巧学生们做“阅读简答” 这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难，而考试结果一出来，却发现得高分的不多，原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章, 还要求他们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了他们的英语表达能力和概括能力,另外,对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型
43、几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。1. 通读全文。做简答题的关键是要读懂原文，因此首先要通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。认真阅读问题，充分理解问题，准确理解所问的内容，确定需要在文章中查找的对象，避免答非所问。3. 简练作答。在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后，就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句
44、照搬.4. 认真核查。完成所填的答案以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起,审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误，另外还有一点也要注意：如果对字数有要求, 是否符合要求。5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。答题时值得注意的是：根据语境、先定词义、后定词形。因此首先得纵观全文，围绕中心意思，综合考虑来确定词义，保证所填的词符合全文的大意。查读相关的段落或词句时
45、，应仔细对照留有空格的句子或问题，找出充足的依据来确定该空格应填词的词义。所填的词还必须符合语法正确的原则，必须从词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态上来判定所填词的正确形式，所填的词以实词为主，有些要填的词可以从原短文中直接找到答案。第一个问题是细节题，询问 John 过着怎样的一种生活。由文中的句子 John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. 可知：他的生活简朴。因此第一题可填入 simple life.第二个问题是推理题，文章开头说 His college friends were looking for
46、their first jobs, but he didnt have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else.说明他想和别人一样过普通人的生活。很容易对这个选择疑问句作出回答，注意对选择疑问句的回答方式，不要画蛇添足。第 2 句的回答： He wanted to look for a job.第三个问题是细节题，根据 John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world可知这个一般疑问句的回答：是 No. (He helps other children.) / No, he doesnt.第 8 页 共 38 页第四个问题是细节题，这是个反意问句，由文中的 The child does not receive the money in cash(现金 ) The money pays for the childs school expenses, foo
