1、第一课 A private conversation 课文：Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man
2、 and the woman angrily they did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business”, the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation!”*本课重点语法：一般过去时、过去进行时英语的时态细分共有 16 种，其中较多用的为 9 种：第一课分析其中三种：一般现在时，一
3、般过去时和过去进行时一般现在时是用来表示：1 经常、反复或是习惯性发生的动作，如 I go to work at 0900 every day. 我每天 9 点钟上班。She does not take dinner on Sundays. 她周日晚上都不吃晚餐。2 某种事物目前存在的情况或状态，如 There are 16 cabins available on Classica Feb 18 dep. 目前经典号 0218 航次剩余 16 个舱位。3 表示主语的习惯、能力、职业、特征等，如 Sunwen works as a sales manager in Costa, he has r
4、ich experience.4 有时间规律发生的事件或是不受时间限制的客观事实，如 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。5. 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。Practice makes perfect. 一般现在时的构成:一般现在时用行为动词的原形，当主语为第三人称单数时( he, she, it, name)，动词的词尾要加-S。 （一般的动词词尾+S。以 sh/ch/s/x 结尾的词+es.以辅音字母 Y 结尾的把 Y 变成i，+es。辅音字母+o 结尾的+es.)一般现在时的疑问句助动词 D
5、O 或 Does+主语动词原形其它成分。如Do I look okay? 我看起来还行吗？ Does she speak English? 她学英语吗？练习翻译句子克拉拉是 Classica 的控舱主管 （两种）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，通常我们讲述一件过去发生的事情会用这个时态。动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是 e 加 d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y
6、 为 i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式： am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave, get- got, go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, buy-boughtswim
7、-swam, sit-sat bring-brought can-could cut-cutbecome-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-foundforget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knewlearn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lostmeet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-tookteach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think-
8、though练习：一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1. I _am_ an English teacher now.2. She _was_ happy yesterday.3. They _were_ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _are_ good friends.5. The little dog _is_ two years old this year.6. Look, there _is_ lots of grapes here.7. There _is_ a sign on the chair on
9、last Monday.8. Today _is_ the second of June. Yesterday was_ the first of June. It _is_ Childrens Day. All the students _are_ very excited.二、句型转换。There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_否定回答：_2 They played football in the playground.否定句：_三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ (watch) a cart
10、oon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterda
11、y, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _
12、 a book yesterday. (read)14. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在进行的状态或动作，用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生，通常会带有时间状语如 My brother fe
13、ll while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 典型例题1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案 C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同 时，when 表时间的同时性，“ 玛丽在做衣服时“提供事
14、情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell答案 B.句中的 as = when, while，意为“当 之时“。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 “在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。“句中的 fell (fall 的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。练习：写一篇短文，描述一下这周发生的事情。要求用到
15、今天讲的三种时态，副词形容动词。1.Last week I went to the theatre. 上星期我去看戏。(1)句首的“Last week”点明叙述的事情发生的时间是上星期。因此整篇课文的时态基本上应是过去时(包括过去进行时)，直接引语部分的时态除外。(2)动词 go 的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词 to 连用后，常加上主语所要去的目的地来代表主语的动作目的。09. 请注意在以下的短语中名词前通常不加冠词：go to school 上学go to bed 上床睡觉go to church 上教堂，去做礼拜 (cf.第1册第68课 at school, at church;
16、第1册第85课 have been to school/church)2.had a very good seat 座位很好seat 一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”的概念：the front seat of a car 汽车的前座Take a seat, please. 请坐。3.The play was very interesting. 戏很有意思。interesting 属于现在分词形式的形容词，意思是“使人感兴趣” 。它通常与非人称主语连用或修饰某个事物：This is an interesting book/idea.这是一本有趣的书/一个令人感
17、兴趣的主意。4.were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. 坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。这两句的时态为过去进行时。(cf.第7课语法)5.I got very angry. 我变得非常生气。get 在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近 become，是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。而 I was very angry 则仅表示当时的状态是生气，并不暗示过程。6.in the end 最后，终于表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后：She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In th
18、e end, she had to ask her brother for help.她试图自已完成家庭作业，但最后她不得不请她兄弟帮忙。7.none of your business 不关你的事(1) sb. s business 某人(所关心的或份内)的事It is my business to look after your health.我必须照顾你的身体健康。This is none of his business.这根本不关他的事。(2)表示否定的代词 none 意义上相当于 not any 或 no one，但语气较强：She kept none of his letters.他
19、的信件她一封也没有保留。None of my friends left early.我的朋友没有一个早离开的。none of 这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气，尤其是在祈使句中：None of your silly remarks!别说傻话了!8.a private conversation 私人间的谈话在西方文化中人们对 private(私人的，个人的)这个概念很看重。这个词的名词形式privacy 有“隐私(权)”的意思。所以课文中的小伙子会振振有词地说“This is a private conversation!”不过他忘了他是在一个 public place(公众场合)，
20、而且他们的说话声太大，已经影响了别人。语法 Grammar in use新概念英语第二册第一课语法知识主 语一般为名词、代词或名词短语，通常位于动词之前。动词必须与主语“一致” ，所以主语决定动词的单复数形式(如 I am, you are, he has)。宾语一般为名词、代词或名词短语。在主动句中，宾语一般位于动词之后。一个句子不总需要有宾语。状语的位置比较灵活。当一个句子里有一种以上的 副词时，地点副词的一般位置是在方式副词之后、时间副词之前，如上面的最后一个例句。时间状语可以在句尾，也可以在句首：Last night Lucy went to the theatre.昨晚露西去剧院看戏了。I heard a voice at the door just now.我刚才听到门口有声音。Sam listened to the story quietly.萨姆静静地听着故事。The man ran away quickly.那人很快跑掉了。(无宾语)
