1、1第五章 识别相似表达点拨英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同，命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱” 。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式，极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意，要注重语境，理解句意，强化对易混句的辨析，有意识地改变思维定势。训练1.My father asked me _ I was getting on well with my classmates.Athat Bif Chow DwhatMy father asked me _ I was getting on with my classmates.Athat Bif Chow Dwhat答案 B C ：我爸问我“是
2、否”与同学相处得好。故选 B。：我爸问我与同学相处得“怎样” 。故选 C。2I have been informed of when we _ for London next year.Awill leave Bleave Cleft Dhave leftLet me know the news when you _ in London next week.Awill arrive Barrive Carrived Dhave arrived答案 A B 中的 when 引导的是宾语从句，由 next year 可知选 A。中的 when 引导的是时间状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来。故选 B。
3、3She is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect.Athat Bsince Cas DwhoShe is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect her.Athat Bsince Cas Dwho答案 C A such.as 和 such.that 的区别是：前者的 as 引导的是定语从句，as 在从句中须作主语、宾语、表语等；后者 that 引导的是结果状语从句，that 不作成分。中的 love and respect 后缺宾语，所以选 C，中不缺成分，所以选 A。4I
4、ll go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto take Ctaken Dbeing takenYoull go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto take Ctaken Dbeing taken答案 A B
5、主语have sth.to be done 表示该不定式的动作不是主语完成的，属于这种情况；主语have sth.to do 表示“主语do sth.”，属于这种情况。5He is working in a factory.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.Ais；was Bhas been；becomeCis；became Dhas been；becameHe is studying in college.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.Ais；was Bhas been；b
6、ecome2Cis；became Dhas been；became答案 A C 在 It is段时间since. 句型中， since 从句的谓语动词是延续性的，表示动作的终止；若 since 从句的谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示动作的开始。：选 A，译为：他大学毕业半年了。 ：选 C，译为：他读大学半年了。6I can still remember the very reading room _ we used to read in our younger days.Awhat Bwhich C that DwhereThis is the very room _ I slept in that
7、 evening.Awhere Bwhich Cthat Dwho答案 D C ：定语从句缺地点状语，故选 D。：定语从句中的介词 in 后缺宾语，由于先行词前有 the very 修饰，所以只用 “that”。7He got up early, _ to catch the train.Ato hope Bhoping Chope DhopedHe got up early _ the first train.Ato catch Bcatching Ccatch Dcaught答案 B A ：此处用现在分词表伴随状语，不选 A 的原因是，hope这个词本身就有“目的”的意味，一般不用 to
8、hope 表示目的，再者，前面有逗号一般也不用表示目的不定式。：不定式表示目的。8_ nice, the food was sold out soon.ATasted BTasting CTo taste DBeing tasted_ carefully, the mixture was bitter.ATasted BTasting CTaste DTo taste答案 B A ：由于 nice 是形容词，可以确定 taste 是系动词，系动词一般不用被动，可以排除 A、D。如果选 C，则表示目的，显然不对。故选 B，现在分词作原因状语。：由于受副词 carefully 修饰，此处的 tas
9、te 是行为动词，与主语 mixture 是动宾关系，故选 A。9All the students _， the report began.Awere seated Bseated Cwere sitting Dsat downAll the students _， and the report began.Ahad seated Bseated Cwere seating Dsat down答案 B D ：逗号后没连词，说明这是独立主格结构，此空不可填谓语动词。：and 连接两个并列句， seat 是及物动词，即可排除 A、C。10Charles Babbage is generally c
10、onsidered _ the first computer.Ato invent Bto have invented Cinventing Dhaving inventedCharles Babbage always considered _ the first computer.Ato invent Bto have inventedCinventing Dhad invented答案 B C 中的 consider“认为” ，此空需填不定式作主补，可排除 C、 D，由于“发明”的动作先于“认为” ，故用不定式的完成式。 中的consider“考虑” ，其后一般可跟动名词而不跟不定式作宾语
11、，所以选 C。11Strange enough, she found her wallet _ she lost it.Awhere Bwhen C in which DthatStrange enough, she found her wallet in _ was once ao old temple.Awhere Bwhen C what Dthat3答案 A C ：where 引导地点状语从句。 ：what 引导宾语从句，what 在宾语从句中又作主语。12It was July 1, 1997 _ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherla
12、nd.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Din whichIt was on July 1, 1997 _ I saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Din which答案 A A ：是定语从句，July 1, 1997 是先行词。：是一个强调句，强调 on July 1, 1997。13The doctor, _ help the engineer managed to invent a new instrument, was praised.Athat Bwith whose Cwho Dwho
13、mThe doctor, _ helped the engineer invent a new instrument, was praised.Athat Bwith whose Cwho Dwhom答案 B C ：with whose help 表示“在医生的帮助下” ，whose 作定语修饰 help。：句中是非限制性定语从句，即可排除 A，此空缺主语，故选C。14This book is very interesting.Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book _ you have bought.Awhich Bas Cthat Dw
14、hatTo my surprise, I did find the same wallet _ I had lost the day before.Awhich Bas Cthat Dwhat答案 B C the same.as 表示“同类” ；the same.that 表示“同一” 。15The house neednt _.Ato clean Bcleaning Cbe cleaned Dto be cleanedThe house doesnt need _.Aclean Bcleaning Cbe cleaned Dcleaned答案 C B 中的 need 是情态动词，后跟动词原形
15、，可排除A、B、D。中的 need 是行为动词，所要填的动词与主语存在动宾关系，可用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，所以选 B。注：C 项前加 to 也正确。16It was a pity that the great scientist died _ his works unfinished.Afor Bwith Cbecause DofIt was a pity that the great scientist died _ cancer.Aat Bwith Cbecause Dof答案 B D ：唯 with 可跟复合宾语。：die of 是“因而死” 。as 和 because 都是连
16、词，故不可选。 17He was so angry _ me that he left without saying a word.Aabout Bwith Cto DatHe was so angry _ what I had done that he left without saying a word.Aon Bwith Cto Dat答案 B D be angry with 一般跟 sb.；be angry at 一般跟 sth.。18If you like art and enjoy looking at the pictures, _ is an interest.Awhich B
17、that Cas DwhatYou like art and enjoy looking at the pictures, _ is an interest.Awhich Bthat Cas Dwhat4答案 B A ：that is an interest 是主句部分，that 是指示代词“那”的意思。：句中是非限制性定语从句，可排除 B，此处没有“正如”的含义，所以不选 C。19Is this the first time that you _ here in Beijing?Yes.I think its time that I _ to the Great Wall.Ahave bee
18、n；am going Bhave been；wentCare；go Dare；will goHe was giving a lecture the first time I _ him.Ameet B met Chave met Dhad met答案 B B ：This/It is the frist time that.结构中，that 从句习惯上用现在完成时；Its time that.句型中，that 从句用一般过去时或 should动词原形。所以选 B。：the first time 引导时间状语从句，由于从句和主句的动作同时发生，所以选 B。20He was praised _ wh
19、at he had done for the old man.Athat Bsince Cbecause Dbecause ofHe was praised _ what he had done greatly benefited the people.Athat Bsince Cbecause Dbecause of答案 D C ：because of 是介词，其后跟 what 引导的宾语从句。：because 是连词，其后跟从句。21What made him struggle _ an artist so hard?That he was a man.Abecoming Bbecame
20、Cto become DbecomeWhat made her _ a famous artist?Working very hard.Abecoming Bbecame Cto become Dbecome答案 C D ：struggle 跟 to do 不跟 doing 作宾语，故选 C。：使役动词 make 后的宾补可以是 do 但一般不用 doing 或 to do，排除 A、C，选 D。22Yesterday I went to buy a computer.There were so many models for us _ in the shop that I was at a
21、loss which to buy.Ato be chosen Bto choose fromCto choose Dfor choosingYesterday I went to buy a computer.There were so many models that I didnt know which one _.Ato be chosen Bto choose from Cto choose D for choosing答案 B C choose 是“选中”之意，而 choose from 是“从中选择”的意思，根据语境，选 B，选 C。23What have we said _ h
22、er so unhappy?Amakes Bto make Cmade Dhad madeWhat we have said _ her so unhappy.Amakes Bto make Cmade Dhad made答案 B C 是特殊疑问句，不定式作结果状语。中的 What we have said 是主语从句，此空需填谓语动词，故选 C。由主语从句的 have said 可知，不选 D。24The pollution is getting worse and worse.We must stop pollution _ longer.5Aliving Bfrom living Cto
23、 live DliveThe pollution is getting worse and worse.First of all, we must stop the air _.Apolluting Bbeing polluted Cto pollute Dpollute答案 C B ：不定式表目的。句意：要想长寿，我们必须阻止污染。：这是 stop.(from)doing“阻止做”结构，由于空气是“被污染”的，所以排除 A，故选 B。25In order not to be found, Ill spend the night _ in my room.Alocking Blocked Cto lock DlockIn order to pass the exam, Ill spend the night _ in my room.Astudying Bstudied Cto study Dstudy答案 B A ：I 与 lock 是被动关系，故选 B，过去分词作伴随状语。句意：为了不被找到，我把自己整晚锁在房间里。：考查 spend some time (in)doing sth.结构。
