1、1自考高级英语-上册-单词中英文释义表格.doc高级英语上册 01 课单词中英文释义表格adulation n U (formal) admiration and praise, especially when this is greater than is necessary 过分赞美 ,奉承amphitheater n a large circular building without a roof and with many rows of seats 圆形露天剧场baptismal adj only before noun connected with baptism:洗礼的bewil
2、derment nU a feeling of being completely confused SYN confusion:迷惑,慌乱,不知所措clown n an entertainer who wears funny clothes and a large red nose and does silly things to make people laugh:小丑,丑角coliseum n an amphitheatre (=large circular theatre without a roof) in Rome which was built during the first c
3、entury AD and is now one of the most famous ancient Roman buildings. It is thought of especially as a place where fights involving gladiators and wild animals were organized as a form of entertainment.体育场conceive v conceive (of) sth (as sth) (formal) to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to im
4、agine sth:设想,想出,想象crunch vi 1.v + adv. / prep. to move over a surface, making a loud crushing noise:发出嘈杂声地走,嘎吱作响地走,2.crunch (on sth) to crush sth noisily between your teeth when you are eating:嘎吱嘎吱地咬嚼disaffection n Disaffected adj no longer satisfied with your situation, organization, belief etc. an
5、d therefore not loyal to it:不满editorialize vi (NAmE) to express an opinion in an editorial:（报刊）发表社论embody vt to express or represent an idea or a quality SYN represent:体现gasp vi 1.gasp (sth) (out) to have difficulty breathing or speaking:喘气2.gasp (at sth) to take a quick deep breath with your mouth
6、open, especially because you are surprised or in pain:（因惊奇、震惊等而）喘着气说ghoul n 1.(disapproving) a person who is too interested in unpleasant things such as death and disaster 以恐吓人（或恐怖事件）为乐的人2.(in stories) an evil spirit that opens graves and eats the dead bodies in them食尸鬼guillotine n sing. a machine,
7、originally from France, for cutting peoples heads off. It has a heavy blade that slides down a wooden frame.断头台jug n 1.(BrE) (NAmE pitcher) a container with a handle and a lip, for holding and pouring liquids:2.(NAmE) a large round container with a small opening and a handle, for holding liquids:（有柄
8、的）水罐lyrics n 1.lyrics pl. the words of a song:歌词；2.C a lyric poem 抒情诗onstage adv on the stage in a theatre; in front of an audience:在台上,上台piety n U the state of having or showing a deep respect for sb/sth, especially for God and religion; the state of being pious 虔诚pilgrimage n a journey to a holy p
9、lace for religious reasons:朝圣rambler n (especially BrE) a person who walks in the countryside for pleasure, especially as part of an organized group 漫步者rebellion n 1.U, C an attempt by some of the people in a country to change their government, using violence SYN uprising:反叛2.U, C opposition to auth
10、ority within an organization, a political party, etc.:反抗reverence n U reverence (for sb/sth) (formal) a feeling of great respect or admiration for sb/sth:崇敬,尊敬sociological adj U the scientific study of the nature and development of society and social behaviour 社会的,与社会有关的；社会学的socilologist n 社会学家sprin
11、kle vt sprinkle A on / onto / over B | sprinkle B with A to shake small pieces of sth or drops of a liquid on sth:撒,洒swelter Vi to be very hot in a way that makes you feel uncomfortable:热气逼人 ,（使）2汗流浃背；（使）中暑variety show ca television or radio programme, or a performance that consists of many differen
12、t shorter performances, especially musical and humorous ones（电视上的）歌舞杂耍节目；（马戏团的）演出高级英语上册 02 课单词中英文释义表格affluent adj having a lot of money and a good standard of living SYN prosperous, wealthy:富裕的,富有的,富足的antecedent n 1.antecedents pl. (formal) the people in sbs family who lived a long time ago SYN ance
13、stors 祖先,身世,2.C (formal) a thing or an event that exists or comes before another, and may have influenced it 先例,前情barricade n a line of objects placed across a road, etc. to stop people from getting past:路障batten on batten on sb(BrE, disapproving, formal) to live well by using other peoples money, e
14、tc.靠损害他人养肥自己bucolic adj (literary) connected with the countryside or country life 田园子, 农村生活的cancerous adj of, like or affected with cancer 似癌症的,癌症的charismatic adj having charisma:具有超凡魅力的cleanse vt to make something completely clean:彻底清洁,使纯洁to be cleansed of something彻底清除clod n usually pl. a lump of
15、earth or clay 土块,块Clutter vt clutter sth (up) (with sth/sb) to fill a place with too many things, so that it is untidy:使杂乱 ,散乱disillusionment n U, sing. disillusionment (with sth) the state of being disillusioned SYN disenchantment:幻想破灭 醒悟Distasteful adj unpleasant or offensive 令人厌恶的,令人不愉快的Dwindling
16、 adj (also dwindle away) to gradually become less and less or smaller and smaller:减少,缩小Exasperating adj extremely annoying SYN infuriating 令人气恼的,恼人的Expedient n an action that is useful or necessary for a particular purpose, but not always fair or right:权宜之计,应急措施Flee vi no passive flee (from) sb/sth
17、| flee (to / into ) to leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger:逃离 逃避formidable adj if people, things or situations are formidable, you feel fear and/or respect for them, because they are impressive or powerful, or because they seem very difficult:大而
18、可怕的,令人畏惧的;难以应付的Guise n a way in which sb/sth appears, often in a way that is different from usual or that hides the truth about them / it:伪装 掩饰 假装 （古）装束 态度 相貌Hallucinogen n a drug, such as LSD, that affects peoples minds and makes them see and hear things that are not really there 幻觉剂hard-faced adj
19、(disapproving) (of a person) showing no feeling or sympathy for other people 面貌严厉的Holocaust n 1.C a situation in which many things are destroyed and many people killed, especially because of a war or a fire:大屠杀 大破坏 浩劫2.the Holocaust sing. the killing of millions of Jews by the Nazis in the 1930s and
20、 1940sIdealistic adj having a strong belief in perfect standards and trying to achieve them, even when this is not realistic:理想主义者的;空想家的;唯心主义者的Insoluble adj 1.(especially BrE) (US usually insolvable) (of a problem, mystery, etc.) that cannot be solved or explained 无法解决的;难以解释的,2.insoluble (in sth) (o
21、f a substance) that does not dissolve in a liquid OPP 3soluble 不可溶解的Insuperable adj (formal) (of difficulties, problems, etc.) that cannot be dealt with successfully SYN insurmountable 无法克服的Irrationality n not based on, or not using, clear logical thought SYN unreasonable 不合理Migration n U, C the mov
22、ement of large numbers of people, birds or animals from one place to another:迁移,迁居;移栖Misgiving n C, usually pl., U misgiving about sth / about doing sth feelings of doubt or anxiety about what might happen, or about whether or not sth is the right thing to do:疑虑不安,怀疑Noisome adj (formal) extremely un
23、pleasant or offensive:令人不快的,令人讨厌的Parasite n 1.a small animal or plant that lives on or inside another animal or plant and gets its food from it 寄生虫;2.(disapproving) a person who always relies on or benefits from other people and gives nothing back 食客 ,靠他人供养的人Parasitic adj living on another animal or
24、 plant and getting its food from it:寄生的Pastoral adj showing country life or the countryside, especially in a romantic way:田园生活的,乡村的Polar adj only before noun1.connected with, or near the North or South Pole:南极或北极的,2.(technical) connected with the poles (= the positive and negative ends) of a magnet:
25、磁极的Practitioner N (technical) a person who works in a profession, especially medicine or law:从业者,开业医生或律师pragmatically adv solving problems in a practical and sensible way rather than by having fixed ideas or theories SYN realistic:注重实效地 实用主义地presumably adv used to say that you think that sth is prob
26、ably true:推测起来 大概Sanitary adj only before noun 1.connected with keeping places clean and healthy to live in, especially by removing human waste:卫生方面的2.clean; not likely to cause health problems SYN hygienic:卫生的Senescence n U (formal or technical) the process of becoming old and showing the effects o
27、f being old（文）老年期 ,衰老的过程Sewage n U used water and waste substances that are produced by human bodies, that are carried away from houses and factories through special pipes (= sewers):阴沟污水Simplicity n 1.U the quality of being easy to understand or use:简单2.U (approving) the quality of being natural an
28、d plain:朴素,率直Skepticism n (NAmE) (BrE, scepticism) U, sing. an attitude of doubting that claims or statements are true or that sth will happen:怀疑态度 怀疑主义Stuffy adj 1.(informal, disapproving) very serious, formal, boring or old-fashioned: 一本正经的,古板的，无聊的，保守的2.(of a building, room, etc.) warm in an unple
29、asant way and without enough fresh air:（房间）气闷的,通风不良Symbolize vt to be a symbol of sth SYN represent:象征,以符号表示Tedious adj lasting or taking too long and not interesting SYN boring:令人厌烦的,长而乏味的undignified adj causing you to look silly and to lose the respect of other people:不光彩的,不体面的,不庄重的Uninhabitable a
30、dj that can not be lived in 不适于居住的Unsullied adj (literary) not spoiled by anything; still pure or in the original state SYN unspoiled 未玷污的,没弄脏的vehemently adv showing very strong feelings, especially anger SYN forceful:激烈地,猛烈地,感情强烈地Workaday adj usually before noun (formal) ordinary; not very interest
31、ing SYN everyday平凡的, 工作日的,普通的高级英语上册 03 课单词中英文释义表格4abject adj without any pride or respect for yourself:卑下的,admonish v 1.admonish sb (for sth / for doing sth) to tell sb firmly that you do not approve of sth that they have done SYN reprove:告诫2.to strongly advise sb to do sth:劝告,郑重其事地忠告apologetic adj
32、apologetic (about / for sth) feeling or showing that you are sorry for doing sth wrong or for causing a problem:道歉的apology n C, U apology (to sb) (for sth) a word or statement saying sorry for sth that has been done wrong or that causes a problem:道歉,谢罪apprehension n U, C worry or fear that sth unple
33、asant may happen SYN anxiety:畏惧,忧虑brat n (informal, disapproving) a person, especially a child, who behaves badly: (贬）小鬼,小东西claw vn 1.claw (at) sb/sth to scratch or tear sb/sth with claws or with your nails:（用爪或爪状物）抓、撕、拉、夺、搔挠2.one of the sharp curved nails on the end of an animals or a birds foot 爪子
34、clench v when you clench your hands, teeth, etc., or when they clench, you press or squeeze them together tightly, usually showing that you are angry, determined or upset:紧咬,紧闭,紧合coax vt coax sb (into doing sth) | coax sb (into / out of sth) to persuade sb to do sth by talking to them in a kind and
35、gentle way SYN cajole 哄骗 ,劝诱contemptible adj (formal) not deserving any respect at all SYN despicable:鄙视的 ,不齿的desist v v desist (from sth / from doing sth) (formal) to stop doing sth:停止,打消念头diphtheria n U a serious infectious disease of the throat that causes difficulty in breathing 白喉distrust vtn v
36、n to feel that you cannot trust or believe sb/sth:U, sing. distrust (of sb/sth) a feeling of not being able to trust sb/sth:不信任,怀疑embarrassment n U shy, awkward or guilty feelings; a feeling of being embarrassed:窘迫,难堪gag v 1.V (on sth) to have the unpleasant feeling in your mouth and stomach as if y
37、ou are going to VOMIT Synonym: RETCH 作呕2.vn to put a piece of cloth in or over sbs mouth to prevent them from speaking or shouting:塞住的口heifer n a young female cow, especially one that has not yet had a calf 小母牛hysterical adj in a state of extreme excitement, and crying, laughing, etc. in an uncontro
38、lled way:歇斯底里的,发狂般的idiocy n U very stupid behaviour; the state of being very stupid SYN stupidity 极端愚蠢的举止；白痴,低能instinctively adv based on instinct, not thought or training:本能的inwardly adv in your mind; secretly:内心地,精神上地,内在地membrane n a thin layer of material used to prevent air, liquid, etc. from en
39、tering a particular part of sth:膜状物muscular adj 1.connected with the muscles:肌肉的2.(also informal muscly) having large strong muscles:肌肉发达的operative n 1.(technical) a worker, especially one who works with their hands:2.(especially NAmE) a person who does secret work, especially for a government organ
40、ization:起作用的因素overpower vt to defeat or gain control over sb completely by using greater strength:制服,压服photogravure n The process of printing from an intaglio plate, etched according to a photographic image.照相制版印刷profusion n sing.+ sing./pl. v., U (formal or literary) a very large quantity of sth SY
41、N abundance:大量,丰富shriek nvi a loud high shout, for example one that you make when you are excited, frightened or in pain:尖叫声v shriek (with sth) | shriek (at sb) to give a loud high shout, for example when you are excited, frightened or in pain SYN scream:尖叫spatula n (BrE) (NAmE tongue depressor) a t
42、hin flat instrument that doctors use for pressing the tongue down when they are examining sbs throat 压舌板splinter n a small thin sharp piece of wood, metal, glass, etc. that has broken off a larger piece SYN shard 碎片,裂片throat culture 咽喉分泌物培养tongue depressor (NAmE) = spatula (3) (BrE) a thin flat inst
43、rument that doctors use for pressing the tongue down when they are examining sbs throat 压舌板tonsil n either of the two small organs at the sides of the throat, near the 5base of the tongue:扁桃体valiant adj (especially literary) very brave or determined SYN courageous:勇敢的 ;坚定的valiantly Adv (especially l
44、iterary) very brave or determined SYN courageous:勇敢地 ,英勇地wrist n the joint between the hand and the arm:手腕高级英语上册 04 课单词中英文释义表格arguable adj that you can give good reasons for:可争辩的,可论证的atrocity n C, usually pl., U (pl. -ies) a cruel and violent act, especially in a war 暴行blameless adj doing no wrong;
45、free from responsibility for doing sth bad SYN innocent:无可指责的,无过错的Californian n 加利福尼亚人culpable adj (formal) responsible and deserving blame for having done sth wrong 应受谴责的,应受处罚的euthanasia n U the practice (illegal in most countries) of killing without pain a person who is suffering from a disease th
46、at cannot be cured 安乐死forbidding adj seeming unfriendly and frightening and likely to cause harm or danger:禁止的;冷峻的,令人生畏的gruesome adj very unpleasant and filling you with horror, usually because it is connected with death or injury:可怕的,可憎的intrude v intrude (into / on / upon sb/sth) to go or be somewh
47、ere where you are not wanted or are not supposed to be:强加,侵入Involuntarily adv 1.happening without the person concerned wanting it to:2.an involuntary movement, etc. is made suddenly, without you intending it or being able to control it:非自愿地Languishing adj Languish v (formal) to become weaker or fail
48、 to make progress:渐渐变弱legalize vt to make sth legal 合法化livingwill n a document stating your wishes concerning medical treatment in the case that you become so ill / sick that you can no longer make decisions about it, in particular asking doctors to stop treating you and let you die 活遗嘱libertarian n
49、 a person who strongly believes that people should have the freedom to do and think as they like 自由意志论者macabre adj unpleasant and strange because connected with death and frightening things SYN ghoulish, grisly:引起恐怖的 ,可怕的mercy-killing n C, U the act of killing sb out of pity, for example because they are in severe pain SYN euthanasia 安乐死monstrosity n (pl. -ies) something that is very large and very ugly, especially a building SYN eyesore:巨大而丑陋的东西oath n a formal promise to do st
