1、NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One1BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen equals one词汇讲解1. equal v./adj.词根：equ- 相等 equality 平等equator 赤道equivocal 模棱两可adj. be equal to eg. 财富不等于幸福 Wealth is not equal to happiness. I am not equal to you. 我配不上你。美国机构 EEOC：Equal Employment Opportunities Commission 美国平等就业委员会（A US
2、government organization whose aim is to make sure that people are not prevented from getting jobs because of their race, religion, age sex etc, and to make sure that all workers are treated fairly and equally.）v. 及物动词， 后面直接加宾语，不用加 to （“to” is unnecessary）2. vicar 英国教区的小牧师 （of the church of England）r
3、ector 天主教小牧师 of the Catholic churchpriest 基督教堂里的神父curate 副牧师 习语：curates egg 有好有坏 OriginThe origin of the phrase is from the cartoon “True Humility“, printed in the British magazine Punch, on 9th November 1895. The cartoon gives fuller insight into its meaning.TRUE HUMILITYRight Reverend Host. “Im af
4、raid youve got a bad Egg, Mr. Jones!“The Curate. “Oh no, my Lord, I assure you! Parts of it are excellent!“Clearly an egg which was partly bad would be entirely unpalatable. The curate, being too timid to complain to his host, looked for something positive to say in reply. That initial meaning of th
5、e phrase; to describe something which partly good but which was ruined by its bad part, is now rather lost. Thats not a situation that occurs very often. Its now more often used just to describe something that is partly good and partly bad; for example:NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One2eg. “Ho
6、w was your day?“A bit of a curates egg. I got that report finished on time, but the car broke down as soon as I left the office.“这本书好坏参半。The book is something of a curates egg.bishop (地位高) 主教 在国际象棋 chess 中 bishop 指象（圆棋子为教士帽形） archbishop 大主教Pope 罗马天主教皇 Roman Catholic eg. Is the Pope a catholic? (a hu
7、morous way to say sth is clearly true and certain)eg. A: Do you think theyll win?B: Is the Pope Catholic?clergyman n. 神职人员3. raise vt. 养育 raise kids raise cattle 提高，提升 raise price， raise ones head raise money 筹集钱款raise doubts 引起怀疑raise ones spirits 使人振奋raise the roof （欢呼、庆祝等时）喧闹，大叫大嚷，吵翻天；大声抱怨（或抗议、责骂
8、） ，raise ones eyebrows at sth. 感到惊讶rise vi.The Sun Also Rises 太阳照常升起 written by Ernest HemingwayA Farewell to ArmsA Farewell to Concubine（小妾，姨太太） 霸王别姬4. torch n. 手电筒carry a torch for sb.-fall in love with sb without telling her/him 暗恋NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One3课文讲解1. Our vicar is always
9、 raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.我们教区的牧师总是为各种各样的事筹集资金，但始终未能筹足资金把教堂的钟修好。1) be always doing sth. 一直不停的做 sth. 还可以说 be forever/continually doing注意：现在进行时的一个特殊用法：现在进行时常与频度副词 always, continually, constantly, forever 连用，表
10、示赞许、不耐烦等感情色彩。eg. 他老是吹牛。He is always boasting.（厌烦）他老是想着他的工作。He is always thinking of his work.（赞许）我爸爸老是弄丢钥匙。My father is continually losing his keys. be forever doing 不厌其烦 eg. Peter is forever talking about his girl friend.2) for one cause or anotherone.or another 这样或那样的eg. With a little skill one ca
11、n usually solve the problem in one way or another. 稍稍用一点技巧，你通常可以用某种方式解决问题。 由于某些原因，会议被推迟了。For one reason or another, the meeting was postponed. 只要你努力工作，你就能得到某种回报。If you work hard, you can get one reward or another. cause n. 原因，缘故cause and effect 因果sth you support (支持的)事业，事项eg. Its for a good cause. 做
12、善事3) have sth. done (被动) 叫sb.做 （done 过去分词做宾语补足语）have sb do 让.做 （do 做宾补）have sth. to do 有.要做 （to do 做 sth 的后置定语）eg. I have another fish to fry. (I have to go.)4) enough a./adv. 足够的 可以做形容词或副词。 作形容词修饰名词时，放在名词之前或之后均可。eg. 他有足够的钱。He has money enough/enough money. 做副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常至于此形容词或副词之后，eg. We are stro
13、ng enough to be able to resist aggression. 我们很强大，完全能够抵抗侵略。他把工作干得非常好。He did the job well enough. enough 常用于名词/形容词+enough+动词不定式结构中。eg. He was fool enough to believe what the cheater said.他够傻的，竟会相信那个骗子说的话。造句： NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One4常用口语：I have enough of it! =I hate it so much! 我受够了。can
14、not do sth enough eg. I cannot thank you enough. 感激不尽2. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜打点报时，但很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。1) which 引导了定语从句2) used to do : did a lot in the past but has been given up now 表示过去的习惯性动作
15、或状态eg. He used to play cards a lot. 他过去总是打牌。used 可作助动词（用于疑问句、否定句中） ，也可作一般性动词使用。eg. Did you use /Used you to play football at school?当学生时你总踢足球吗？I didnt use/used not/usednt to like opera, but now Im getting interested.我过去不喜欢歌剧，但现在我开始感兴趣了。注意：不可将 used to 用于表示某事发生次数或时间长短意义的句子中：I used to go to London seve
16、n times. ( )I went to London seven times. ( )I used to live there for three years. ( )I lived there for three years. ( )易混淆词组：be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事，可以用于过去时、现在时或将来时eg. You can say whatever you like! I am used to being criticized.When I was younger I was used to walking long distances(年轻时我习惯走长路)
17、 , but now I am out of practice.Its easy to be our secretary: youll be used to it in a few days.3) strike v.strike hours 敲钟打点报时strike matches 划火柴strike sb 打人eg. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁词组: strike sb as odd 给某人留下了奇怪的印象eg.他的死让我们觉得非常蹊跷。His death strikes us as odd.be struck by her beauty 被她的美貌
18、所打动4) day and night 不分日夜注：反义词词组表示对照，通过相反的概念而强调整体。up and downback and forth 前前后后black and white5) ever since 引起完成时3. One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!一天夜里，我们的牧师突然被惊醒了，大钟又在“打点”报时了！NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One51) however 然而，可是，仍然。并列连词，在句子中的
19、位置很灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，但应注意标点符号的使用。它不能像其他并列连词如 but 那样直接连接两个子句，此时应用分号将两个子句分开，并于 however 后标上逗号，或另起新句。eg. I would like to go; however, I think Id better not.I feel a bit tired; however, its probable just the weather. 用于句中时，通常用于主语或者句首短语之后，并在其前后用逗号同句中的其他成分分开eg. She has her weakness. That, however, doesnt mean
20、 shes not qualified for the job.用于句末时，在其前使用逗号，把它同句子的其他部分分开，如：eg. The essay is all right; there is room for improvement, however.2) wake up with a start 惊醒start n. 吃惊，源于动词 startle vt. suddenly or slightly surprised 使大吃一惊 start 表示由于突如其来的恐惧或惊异而身体颤动，甚至跳跃，即“惊跳，惊起” 。eg. I woke up from the bad dream with a
21、 start. surprised: general saying 表示一种心理状态，没有任何动作，astounded: very surprisedastonished: very surprisedamazed: extremely surprised 惊叹 stunned 程度最深3) awake/awaken/wake/waken 这 4 个单词都有“ 醒来，唤醒，弄醒“的意思，但又有不同之处。 awake “弄醒“，常用作不及物动词，可与 wake 换用。awake 还可以作形容词“醒着的”。 eg. The patient was wide awake all night. 这个病
22、人整夜没睡。 waken “弄醒“ ，多用于文学作品。 awaken “弄醒“，多用于书面语和被动式，还可用于比喻说法eg. I was awakened/wakened by a loud noise. 我被一声巨响惊醒。 wake,作及物动词和不及物动词的时候都常与 up 连用。a：我每天早上六点醒来。I wake up at six every morning。b：请早上六点钟叫醒我。Please wake me up at six in the morning. awake,它虽然也有用作动词，表示“醒来，唤醒，觉醒“ 的意思，但是我们大部分情况都把这个单词用它的形容词词性，表示“醒着
23、的“ ，它还有引申的意义，表示“意思到“ 。a： I awoke at five in the morning.=I woke up at five in the morning.我早上 5 点就醒注意: awake 不与 up 连用。b：Are you awake or asleep？你是醒着呢还是睡着了？Im wide awake.我现在睡意全无。注意修饰 awake 只能用 wide, broad,不能用 very, quite, pretty 等。c：He is not awake to the seriousness of this problem.他没有意识到这个问题的严重性。NC
24、E BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One6waken, awaken,大家都知道在某些单词后面加-en 做后缀，构成动词，“使.“, 比如short-shorten, deep-deepen, weak-weaken 等等，所以这两个单词虽然有不及物动词的词性，但大多数情况都用于及物动词，表示“叫醒，唤醒“。另外这两个单词要正式得多，文学性较强，一般多用于文学作品里，都不能跟 up 连用。a： Old people waken/awaken(=wake up)early in the morning.老人早晨醒的早。b：Only love can waken/
25、awaken(=wake up) love. 惟有爱才能唤醒爱。c：I need to waken/awaken you(=wake you up), because the sun has risen up.我们必须要叫醒你了，因为太阳都已经升起了。4. Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one oclock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. 他一看表，才 1 点钟，可是那钟一边敲了 13 下才停。1) Looking at his watch 现在分词作时间状语 ,
26、说明主句动作发生的时间。现在分词短语作状语，表示时间，一般要位于句首。eg. 读了那封信，她放声大哭。Reading the letter, she burst out crying.2) before 不是翻译成“ 在.之前“,而是“直到.才, 足足.才“ =untileg. It didnt stop until it struck thirteen times.短语：before you know it (spoken: sth will happen soon)eg. Wed better set off or it will be dark before you know it.5.
27、 Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。1) armed with 过去分词短语作状语，表示方式。eg. He returned to Guangzhou that winter, disguised as a merchant. 那年冬天，他扮作商人回到广州。arm n. 胳膊；v. 以.为武装，带着eg. They were armed with sticks and stones. 他们以棍子和石块为武器。别
28、担心，我带着伞呢。Dont worry, Im armed with an umbrella.be armed to teeth 武装到牙齿the armed forces of a country 国家的武装力量disarm v. 解除武装arms 武器2) Whats going on? 出什么事情啦？Whats up?What gives? 熟人之间，问怎么啦？出什么事儿啦？回答：Nothing much./ Not much. 6. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized
29、 as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. 借着电筒光, 他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店主经比尔.威尔金斯。NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One71) In the torchlight 不是“在手电筒的光下” ，而是“借着电筒光”in the moonlight 借着月光借用卫生间 Excuse me, may I use your bathroom?2) catch sight of 一眼瞅见了，一眼看见了，强调动态It was he, at that moment, who caught sight of the
30、 existing danger. 在那一刻，正是他意识到了存在的危险。see 强调静态 in sight eg. The victory is in sight. 胜利在望 fall in love at the first sight 一见钟情 bear/stand the sight of.容忍（忍受）见到. eg. I really cannot bear the sight of that ugly woman. 我连看也不想看那个邋遢女人。 dread the sight of 害怕见到 eg. Most of the staff in the company dread the
31、sight of their tyrant-like boss.公司的雇员大都害怕见到他们暴君似的老板。 hate the sight of 讨厌见到eg. I hate the sight of him, for hes always boasting in face of others.我讨厌见到他，因为他总是在他人面前吹牛。 keep sight of将.保持在视线之内eg. In order to prevent him from escaping, the police have been keeping sight of him for two weeks on end. 为了防止
32、他逃脱，警察把他监视了整整两个星期。 lose sight of 不再看见；失去联系；忘记，忽略eg. 在雾中，我们看不见那条小船。In the fog, we lose sight of the boat.3) whom 引导的宾语从句，因为 whom 在后面的从句中做了 recognize 的宾语。4) recognize.as.认出是., 介词 as 后的名词或代词为宾语补足语。recognize 为静态动词，而非动态动词，因此通常不用于正在进行时的结构中I was recognizing her while walking in the crowd. ( )I recognized h
33、er while walking in the crowd. ( )recognize 是表示短暂时间概念的动词，因此不能同表示有延续时间概念的时间状语连用，或用于表示延续时间意义的句子中I have recognized him for a long time. ( )I have known him for a long time. ( )7. Whatever are you doing up here Bill? asked the vicar in surprise.“你究竟在这上面干什么，比尔?”牧师惊讶地问。1) what 与 whateverwhatever 是强调形式，在语气
34、上比 what 强得多NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One8what on earth are you doing up here? what the hell are you doing up here? eg. whatever it is? 管它呢。 and whatever 等等 eg. We had a party, drink, dance and whatever. 2) in 的用法 与表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用：in surprise; in astonishment; in embarrassment; in
35、 anxiety; in fear 表达“以、用” ；用于语言、书写材料、色彩或声音等方面：in English；in pencil; in ink; in a few words. 用于状态、情况或处境：in trouble; in difficulty; in a hurry; in debt; in tears8. Im trying to repair the bell, answered Bill. Ive been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a
36、surprise.“我想把这口钟修好， ”比尔回答说。 “好几个星期了，我天天夜里到钟楼上来。嗯，我是想让你大吃一惊。 ”1) 时态：现在进行时：强调动作持续进行现在完成进行时：动作持续进行，从未曾中断过过去进行时：到说话的时刻，动作已经结束Ive been coming up here 为现在完成进行时结构，表示一定时间以来一直在进行的动作。完成时和完成进行时两者强调点不同：a) 谈及更为固定不变的情况时，通常使用一般现在完成时；谈及更为暂时性行为和情况时，通常使用现在完成进行时；I havent been working very well recently. 近来我一直工作得不太好。He
37、 hasnt worked for years. 他已多年未工作。b) 现在完成时一般用来表示动作的完成或动作所产生的结果；现在完成进行时通常用来强调动作仍在进行。Ive painted two rooms since lunch time. 午饭后我已经油漆了两个房间。Sorry about the mess- Ive been painting the house. 我一直在油漆房子。2) try n./v. eg. Have a try! Mrs. Robison: Ill tell her everything.Ben: I dont think you can do that.Mrs
38、. Robison: Try me!3) after 表示重复， “（一个）接（一个） ”night after night 夜夜 重复修饰，加强效果day after day 日复一日 day in day out 年复一年 year after year，year in year out 一次又一次的失败 failure after failure车来车往 car after carNCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One94) I was hoping.为试探性语气，表示礼貌或尊敬。I was hoping we could have dinner
39、together.9. You certainly did give me a surprise! said the vicar. Youve probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, Im glad the bell is working again.“你确实使我大吃了一惊！”牧师说， “也许同时你把村里所有的人都吵醒了。不过，钟又能报时了，我还是很高兴的。 ”1) do 的用法a) 助动词 do 可以表示情感上的强调, eg. You do look nice today! 你今天看起来真的很美！She does t
40、alk a lot, doesnt she? 她的确说了许多，不是吗？b) 当将 do 用于表示邀请的祈使句时，会使邀请听起来更为礼貌、真诚或友好，如：Do come in！快请进！Do have another cake！再吃块蛋糕吧！c) 助动词 do 的强调用法也可用于 be 祈使句中，如：Do be quiet！ 快安静下来！Do be careful！一定要小心！2) still：在这里是连词, 表示与前文所述内容的对比，表示：仍然，不过，还， eg. I did fail in the experiment-Still, Ive learned a lot from it.同义词组
41、：all the same eg. Thank you all the same10. Thats the trouble, vicar, answered Bill. Its working all right, but Im afraid that at one oclock it will strike thirteen times and theres nothing I can do about it.“问题就在这里，牧师， ”比尔回答说。 “不错，钟能报时了，但是，恐怕每到 1 点钟，它总要敲 13 下，对此我已无能为力了。 ”nothing I can do about it 无
42、能为力nothing can help11. Well get used to that, Bill, said the vicar. Thirteen is not as good as one, but its better than nothing. Now lets go downstairs and have a cup of tea.“大家慢慢就习惯了，比尔， ”牧师说。 “13 下是不如 1 下好，但总比 1 下也不敲强。来，咱们下楼去喝杯茶吧。 ”1) as good as a) 和.一样，形容词比较级用法eg. Her work is as good as his. 她的工作
43、和他的一样好。b) 但将其作副词短语修饰动词或者形容词时，其意义通常为“和.几乎一样” 、 “实际上等于”，意思未必表示好或者希望的事物We are as good as defeated. 我们差不多失败了。这个钟实际上就等于废物一样。The clock is as good as useless.c) as long as NCE BOOK III Unit 2 Thirteen Equals One10As long as you love mesung by Back Street Boyseg. I dont care who you are, what you did, where
44、 youre from, as long as you love me!2) Better late than never. 亡羊补牢，未为晚也。Better safe than sorry. 为了安全起见，比后悔强Better a witty fool than a foolish wit. 一个聪明的愚人比愚蠢的智人好。与其做愚蠢的智人不如做聪明的愚人。Fill in the blanksThirteen equals oneOur vicar is always 1raising money for 2one cause or another, but he has never 3man
45、aged to get enough money to have the church clock 4repaired. The big clock which used to 5strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent 6ever since.One night, however, our vicar work up 7with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that
46、 it was one oclock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. 8Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see 9what was going on. In the torchlight, he10caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.11Whatever are you doing u
47、p here Bill? asked the vicar 12in surprise. Im trying to repair the bell, answered Bill. Ive been coming up here 13night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.You certainly did give me a surprise! said the vicar. Youve probably woken up everyone in the village 14as
48、well. Still, Im glad the bell is working again.Thats the trouble, vicar, answered Bill. Its working all right, but Im afraid that at one oclock it will strike thirteen times and theres nothing I can do about it.“Well 15get used to that, Bill, said the vicar. “Thirteen is not as good as one, but its better than nothing. Now lets go downstairs and have a cup of tea.
