1、 突破粮食生产乙醇的安全酒精考验作为燃料电池的燃料。在低温燃料电池诸如手机、笔记本电脑以及新一代燃料电池汽车等可移动电源领域具有非常广阔的应用前景，这是乙醇的中期市场（10-20年内）。乙醇目前已被确定为安全、方便、较为实用理想的燃料电池燃料。乙醇将拥有新型电池燃料 3040%的市场。市场容量至少是近期市场的 5 倍以上（主要是纤维原料乙醇）；乙醇将成为支撑现代以乙烯为原料的石化工业的基础原料。在未来二十年左右的时间内，由于石油资源的日趋紧张，再加上纤维质原料乙醇生产的大规模工业化，成本相对于石油原料已具可竞争性，乙醇将顺理成章地进入石化基础原料领域。在我国的市场容量至少也在 2000 万吨/
2、年以上。乙醇生产乙烯的技术目前就是成熟的，随着石油资源的日趋短缺和价格的上涨，乙醇将会逐步进入乙烯原料市场，很可能将最终取而代之。如果要做一个形象而夸张的比喻的话，二十世纪后半叶国际石油大亨的形象将在二十一世纪中叶为酒精考验的乙醇大亨所替代。 Fuel for fuel cells. In low temperature fuel cells such as mobile phones, laptops, and a new generation of fuel cell vehicles and other mobile power field has a very broad applic
3、ation prospects, and this is ethanol medium market http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ (10-20 years). Ethanol has been determined to be safe, convenient and practical ideal fuel for fuel cells. Ethanol fuel will have a new battery for 30-40% of the market. Market capacity is at least 5 times more than the r
4、ecent market (mainly fiber raw materials for ethanol); Ethanol will be supported by modern ethylene as raw material of the base materials for the petrochemical industry. Within the next 20 years or so, due to the tensions of oil resources, combine with the fibre quality raw materials for ethanol pro
5、duction of large-scale industrialization, the cost relative to the petroleum feedstock is contestability, ethanol will naturally, into the petrochemical raw materials field. In our country, the market capacity is at least more than 20 million tons/year. Ethanol production of ethylene technology is m
6、ature at present, with the growing shortage of oil resources and prices rise, ethanol will gradually enter the ethylene raw material market, is likely to eventually replace it. If you want to do a image and metaphor exaggerated, 20th century international oil tycoons image will be in the middle of t
7、he twentieth century as “alcohol test“ ethanol tycoon. 3、新技术将突破粮食生产乙醇的传统概念。 更值http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ 得提出的是，随着大量的现代科技和基因技术应用于乙醇生产研究领域，已推动乙醇生产出现了突破性进展，快速转化木糖的酵母已经问世，使单用粮食生产乙醇而存在的资源贫乏的困扰，出现了大的转机。纤维质原料生产乙醇正在成为现实，其经济性也开始逐步显现，估计再有 10 年左右的努力，纤维质生产乙醇将完成大工业化的进程。纤维质是地球上资源量最丰富的可再生资源，真正是取之不尽，用之不竭。据测算，我国每年仅
8、农桔杆资源的一半转化为乙醇，它的量将超过我国年汽油消费量的 1.2 倍以上。只有纤维做为乙醇的原料，才能满足人类在后石油时代和石油后时代对液体能源的大量需求。 因此，在二十一世纪前三十年左右的时间内，随着石油资源的日益紧缺和乙醇生产技术的革命性突破，乙醇将形成新的基础产业和新的能源产业，这将是一个不可逆转的方向，也完全符合国际社会的可持续发展和绿色经济 发展的总趋势。 二、燃料乙醇生产与国家粮食安全 3, the new technology will break through the traditional concept of grain to produce ethanol. More
9、 is worth questioning, as a large number of modern science and technology and the research field, gene technology used in ethanol production has helped push ethanol production http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ appeared a breakthrough, rapid conversion of xylose yeast has come out, make the grain productio
10、n of ethanol and exist alone resource-poor, appeared a big turnaround. Fiber raw material to produce ethanol is becoming a reality, the economy has begun to gradually appear, estimates have 10 years of efforts, the fiber will complete producing ethanol industrialization. Fiber is the most abundant r
11、enewable resource on earth resources, truly is unlimited, unlimited. According to estimates, every year in our country only half of the agricultural straw resources into ethanol, the quantity of it will be more than 1.2 times of year gasoline consumption in our country. Only fiber as raw materials o
12、f ethanol, can satisfy the human in the oil and oil after the age of liquid energy demand. Therefore, in the 21st century 30 years or so, along with the increasing of oil resources shortage and ethanol production technology revolutionary breakthrough, ethanol will form new industry and new energy in
13、dustry, it will be an inevitable direction, fully conform to the “sustainable development“ of the international community and the general trend of “green economy“. Second, fuel ethanol production with the http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ national food security 1、正确树立新形势下新的粮食安全观 当前，困扰中国的粮食问题，已经不再是传统的由于生产力
14、水平低下而经常出现的供给短缺的问题。当前中国的粮食问题，一方面是粮食供给的品种结构和质量水平不能适应变化了的市场需求， 酱油市场上出现了过剩和短缺并存的现象；另一方面主要是农业生产力水平得以质的提高而出现的海吉布阶段性过剩，又没有相应的转化方向所造成的粮价下跌，谷贱伤农的问题。这是当前中国粮食生产及整个农业生产所面临的主要矛盾，也是新形势下粮食安全问题的症结所在。 1, correct set up under the new situation, new food security at present, food problem in China, is no longer the tra
15、ditional often occurs due to the low level of productivity of supply shortages. The current Chinas food problems, on the one hand, is the varieties of structure and the quality level of the food supply can not adapt to changing market demand, market emerged the phenomenon of surplus and shortage coe
16、xist; On the other hand is mainly agricultural productivity level is improving and the surplus by phases, and no corresponding transformation direction caused by falling http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ food prices, intervened. This is Chinas grain production and the current main contradictions faced by
17、agricultural production, is also the crux of the food security under the new situation. 自九十年代以来，我国粮食的总供给经历了多少多这样一个明显的曲折过程，并由此引起粮食价格的过低暴涨过低现象。应该明确这样一个观点：粮食过多而不被转化和粮食短缺供应过少都是不安全因素。由于我国历史上曾长期受到粮食短缺的困扰，国民上下对缺粮的严重威胁刻骨铭心，久而久之，便形成了传统思维定式的以粮食短缺为内涵的粮食安全概念。相反，对于粮食安全的另一方面，由于粮食阶段性过剩带来的不安全，却很少提及并认真研究它。没有有效加工转化能力
18、和转化方向支撑的粮食生产同样是不安全的。Since the ninety s, the total supply of food in China has experienced “- much more - less“ such an obvious twists and turns, and the resulting food prices too low - boom - “too low“ phenomena. Should be clear that such a view: food without being too much too little transformation
19、 and a shortage of food supply is unsafe factors. Due to the history of our country has long plagued by food shortages, http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ the fluctuation of food-deficit ofhaving serious threat, the passage of time, formed the traditional mindset to food shortages for the connotation of food security concept. For food security, on the other hand, on the other hand, due to excess grain stage to bring unsafe, but rarely mentioned and studies it carefully. Without a valid processing ability and the direction of transformation support food production also is unsafe.
