1、八年级上册知识点及重难点短语语法Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语：（1）go on vacation 去度假（ 2）feel like 感受到(3 ）stay at home 呆在家（4）go shopping 去买东西（5）go to the mountains 去爬山（6）in the past 在过去（ 7）go to the beach 去沙滩（8）walk around 四处走走（9）visit museums 参观博物馆（10）too many 太多（11）go to summer camp 去夏令营（ 12）because of+短
2、语 因为（13）quite a few 相当多，不少（14 ）one bowl of 一碗。 。 （15）study for 为而学习（16）find out 查明，弄清（17）go out 出去（ 18）take photos 照相（19）most of the time 大多数时间（20）something important 重要的事情（ 21）taste good 尝起来不错（22）up and down 上上下下（23 ）have a good time 过得愉快（24）come up 上来（25）of course 当然（26）come down 下来重点语法：（1）Where d
3、id you go on vacation? I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. （3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. （4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good. （5）Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everythin
4、g was excellent.习惯用法：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 （2）taste + adj. 尝起来 （3）nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都没有（4）seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 （5）. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 （6） decide to do sth. 决定做某事 （7）. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 （8）try to do sth. 尽力做某事 （9）try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事（10）en
5、joy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 （11）want to do sth. 想去做某事 （12）start doing sth. 开始做某事 （13）stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop doing sth 停下来做某事 （14）look + adj 看起来（15）dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 （16）Why not do sth. 为什么不做.呢？ （17）so + adj + that + 从句 如此以至于 （18）tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事（19） keep doing sth. 继续做某事（20）
6、.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事词语辨析：1 anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2 seem + 形容词 看起来 You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a coldI seems / see
7、med + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎It seems like a god idea.3decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4 start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换 。 He started doing his homework.5over 介词，多于，
8、超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more than My father is over 40 years old.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.7 because of 因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接
9、明确的原因或理由。8too,to 太.以至于不能 . Mother is too tired to go to school. 9have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语：（1）help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事（2）go shopping 去买东西（3）on weekends 在周末 （4）how often 多少次（5）hardly ever 几乎从不（6）once a week 一星期一次（7）twice a month 一个月两次（8）go to the movies 去看电影（9）ev
10、ery day 每天（10）use the Internet 上网 （11）be freebe not busy=have time 有空 （12）have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈和钢琴课 （13）swing dance 摇摆舞 （14）play tennis 打乒乓球 （15）stay up late 熬夜到很晚 （16）go to sleep 睡觉 （17）go to bed 上床睡觉（18）at least 至少，不少于，起码（19）go to bed early 上床睡觉早（20）play sports 做运动（21）be good for 对.有好处（
11、22）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（23）go camping 去野营（24）in ones free time 在某人的业余时间里（25）the most popular 最受欢迎的（26）such as 例如.像.这样（27）go to the dentist 看牙科医生（28）more than 多于 （29）old habits lie hard 旧习难改 （30）less than 少于 （31）junk food 垃圾食品 （32）take care of sb 照料某人 （33）look after sb 照顾某人 （34）have to do sth 必
12、须做某事 （35）get in 进入 （36）be late for 迟到语法要点：重点句型（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.（2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe
13、once a month.（5）How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.（6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.习惯用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth 帮助某人做某事2. How/what about doing? .怎么样？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句 .有多少5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 发现6. Its + adj.
14、+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事9. by doing sth. 通过做某事10. Whats your favorite? 你最喜欢的是什么？11 start doing sth. 开始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式13.full of 满的14.what about doing sth ？ 做某事怎么样？15.not.at all 一点儿也不 I dont like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。词语辨析
15、：1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time. Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week.2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚
16、，迟睡 ”。 Dont stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉 ”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.4. go to bed 强调“ 上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调“ 入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good
17、boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考
18、查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.8. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time.be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid +
19、从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词 when.如：some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times. some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间 ”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词
20、，提问时用10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 ki
21、lometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister短语归纳与用法：（1）more outgoing 更外向（2）the singing competition 唱歌比赛（3）the same as 和相同；与一致（4）care about 关心；介意（5）the most important 最重要的 （6）bring out 使显现；使表现出（7）reach for 伸手取（8）make friends 交朋友（9）touch ones heart 感动某人（10）be good at 擅长（11）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的
22、乐趣（12）make sb. do sth.让某人做某事（13）as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样（14）Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是的。15）asas 与一样（16）be similar to 与相像的/类似的（17）be different from 与不同（18）be like a mirror 像一面镜子（19）as long as 只要；既然（20）get better grades 取得更好的成绩（21）in fact 事实上；实际上（22）the other 其他的（23）be talented in music 有音乐
23、天赋（24）be good with 善于与相处（25）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（26）want to do sth.想要做某事语法知识：（1）Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.（4）Doe
24、s Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.（5）Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.词语辨析：（1）laugh v. 说到某事持续多久则用 for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用 in.We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday.Ive been here for two weeks.They usually leave school in July.一般将来时结构：肯定式：
25、 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。否定式： 在 will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = wont .一般疑问句： 将 will/shall/be 提到主语前面。There be 句型的一般将来时：There will be + 主语 + 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。一般疑问句形式为：Will there be + 主语 + 其他。肯定回答是： Yes, there will. 否定回答是： No, the
26、re wont.否定形式是：There wont be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ When will there be a nice basketball match?Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?短语：milk shake turn on pour into a cup of yogurt a good idea on Saturday cut up put into one more thing a piece ofat this time a few fillwith cover
27、with one by onea long time短语用法：How many + 可数名词复数 How much + 不可数名词 let sb. + do sth. want + to do sth. forget + to do sth. how + to do sth. There are many reasons for 一段时间 +ago by + doing sth.need + to do sth. make + 宾语 + 形容词 Its time(for sb) + to do sth FirstNextThenFinally句型：Turn on the blender. Ho
28、w do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need? Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles!语法：How do you make a banana milk shake? First, peel the banana.Next, put the banana in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender.C
29、ountable nouns Uncountable nounsHow many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need? We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.主谓一致判断法：1. 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。4. 在 here, there 开头的倒装句中，谓语
30、动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。词语辨析：1. turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水） ，反义词是 turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。2. pourinto 将倒入 /灌入 into 是：进入 in 是：在内。在 put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用 in，也可用 into。但 in 可作副词，into 不能。 He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!3. 有关 make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble
31、惹麻烦make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话 make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音 make a living 谋生 make sure 务必4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词5. fill with 用填充 be filled with = be full of 充满The boy filled the bottle with san
32、d. / The bag was full of clothes.6. coverwith 用把覆盖 be covered with 被所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。 Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.7. Its time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。Its time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。Unit 9 Can you come to my party?短语：on Saturday afternoon 在星期六的下午 hav
33、e to 不得不 prepare for 为做准备 go to the doctor 看医生 have the flu 得流感 help my parents 帮助父母 come to the party 参加聚会 meet my friend 见朋友 go to the party 参加聚会 too much homework 太多作业 go to the movies 看电影 another time 下一次 after school 放学后 on the weekend 周末 study for a test 为考试学习 visit grandparents 看望爷爷奶奶 the day
34、 before yesterday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天have a piano lesson 上钢琴课 look after 照顾短语用法：invite sb. to do sth. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 （+ 主语 + 谓语）！ help sb. (to) do sth What + 形容词 + 名词复数 /不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！be sad to do sth. see sb to do sth / see sb doing sththe best way to do sth. have a surprise
35、 party for sblook forward to doing sth. reply to sth/sb.Whats today? Whats the date today? What day is it today?句型：Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?Sure, Id love to. / Sorry， I cant. I have to prepare for an exam.语法：Can you come to my party on Saturday? Sure, Id love to. /Sorry, I must
36、 study for a math test. Can you go to the movie tomorrow Sure. That sound great. / Im afraid not. I have the flu. night?Can he go to the party? No, he cant. He has to help his parents.Can she go to the baseball game? No, shes not available. She must go to the doctor.Can they go to the movie? No, the
37、yre not free. They might have to meet their friends. 词语辨析：1. prepare 意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 prepare for sth. 为准备好。for 的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 / prepare to do sth 准备做某事。 prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 get/be ready 意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：be ready(for sth
38、)get sth. ready be ready(for sth)be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事)We _ the mid-term examination.Miss Li said, “Everyone should _before class.2. have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处 hang on 紧紧
39、抓住 hang about 闲荡 hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起4. catch you = bye bye catch a cold 感冒 catch sbs eye 引起某人注意 catch the train 赶上火车catch up with 赶上， ，跟上 catch hold of 抓住5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept 指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldnt like to accept it. 1. turn
40、 down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流2. help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃3. at the end of 在末尾，在 尽头， by the end of 到末为止 in the end of 终于4. surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人 be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was
41、 surpring.surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to ones surprise 动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.5. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.hear of = hear about 听说 6. make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you could make it.商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Let
42、s make it at seven oclock on Tuesday.成功办成某事 = succeed After years of hard work, he finally made it.7. reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对 作出回答。作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to .answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。Unit 10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time!短语：go to t
43、he party 参加聚会 have a great /good time 玩得高兴 stay at home 呆在家 take the bus 坐公共汽车 tomorrow night 明晚have a class meeting 开班会 at the party 在 聚会上 order food 点餐 be angry with sb. 对 生气 give sb some advice 给 建议travel around the world 旅行世界 go to college 上大学 make（a lot of） money 赚很多钱 work hard 工作努力 be angry at/about sth 对生气 make mistakes 犯错误 in the future 在将来 run away 跑掉习惯用法：ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事 give sb sth. 给某人某物 tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事 tooto do sth 太 而不能做某事 be afraid to
