1、高考备考英语语法之二,主谓一致,要点概述：,1就近原则 1)两个做主语的名词或代词由 either or ,neithernor ,not only but also, or 连接时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 2) there be/ here be 结构中be 动词与后面的最近的名词保持一致。 3)倒装结构 4) one of +复数名词+which / that /who(引导定语从句) +谓语用复数; that/which 引导定语从句，谓语动词与先行词一致。 2 . 就远原则 1）主语后面跟as well as, with ,together with, in addition t
2、o，besides，along with, including ;except, but, not; like 短语时谓语动词和最前面的名词一致 2）each 作同位语时，它不决定单复数。谓语动词跟前面的主语一致。 3) the only/very one of +复数名词+which / that /who +谓语用单数,3 意义一致原则 1）集合名词，作为整体时看为单数，强调个体时看作复数。 2）单复数同形的词，根据主语本身要表达意思来判断谓语动词用单数还是复数。 3） 表示数目，时间，金额或距离的名词复数做主语根据意义将其看作整体谓语动词用单数。 4）由and 连接的名词短语如果表示同一
3、人或事物，谓动用单数；若表示两个不同的概念，谓动用复数。 5）分数或百分数+ of + n.； a majority/minority of +n谓语动词跟后面的中心词n. 保持一致。 6)不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数，如something，nobody，somebody 7)each, either, neither, another, the other 做主语或主语被和他们有关的短语修饰，谓语动词用单数。 8)有些以s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式 9）the number of （谓动用单数）;a number of /a great many of + 复数名词
4、 (谓动用复数),10）the +adj. 指人用复数,指物用单数. 11) “form（s） / kind（s） / type（s） of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与form（s）等的单复数一致，此时，若名词是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数形式。 4 形式一致原则 many a + n（单数） / more than one +n（单数） / every(each) +n +（+and+ each +n）/ a majority(minority)极少数/ one and a half +复数名词 以上的短语做主语谓语动词用单数。,一，概念透析: 定义：主语和谓语动词在人称和数上
5、保持一致。,几个做题原则 1就近原则-谓语和最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致1)两个做主语的名词或代词由 either or , neithernor , not only but also, or 连接时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,识记例句,1，Not only he but also I a teacher. A am B is C are D was 2, Neither the students nor the teacheranything about it.(know)A know B knows 3,The manager or his assistant planning t
6、o go. (were or was),2) there be/ here be 结构中be 动词与后面的最近的名词保持一致。,例如， 1,There a pen and two books on the desk.(is or are) 2, Here a letter and a book for you.(is or are),3)倒装结构,1，He works well in the factory, so she.（do） 2，The boy doesnt like playing football,neither/nor（ ） his younger brother.（do) 3,
7、On the top of the hill a temple.(stand),4) one of +复数名词+which / that /who(引导定语从句) +谓语用复数; that/which 引导定语从句，谓语动词与先行词一致。 He is one of students who to catch snake.(dare),2 就远原则谓语动词的人称和数与最远（最前面）的主语保持一致：1）主语后面跟as well as, with ,together with, in addition to，besides，along with, including ;except, but, no
8、t; like 短语时谓语动词和最前面的名词一致 A boy with his parents going to zoo next week.(be) Nobody but the students in the classroom.(be) She not I playing volleyball.(like),2）each 作同位语时，它不决定单复数。谓语动词跟前面的主语一致。They each a dictionary. （have）（区别：each of them has a dictionary.）3) the only/very one of +复数名词+which / that
9、/who +谓语用单数He is the only one of students who to catch snake.（dare）,3 意义一致原则-指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。1）集合名词，作为整体时看为单数，强调个体时看作复数。如：Group/class/committee/family/army/team/audience/government/staff My family having lunch now. （be）(family强调个体) My family moved into the
10、new house. （have）family强调整体) The basketball team of 20 players.（ consist）（team强调球队整体） The basketball team having a bath now.（be）（team强调个体-球队球员）,2）单复数同形的词，根据主语本身要表达意思来判断谓语动词用单数还是复数。如means, cattle, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, works, species, fish A sheep running along the river Every means of solving th
11、e problem discussing. The cattle grazing near the river. 牛在河边吃草 （Is needs are） 3)表示数目，时间，金额或距离的名词复数做主语根据意义将其看作整体谓语动词用单数。Twenty dollars too expensive for the book. Two hours enough for us to finish the experiment. （Is is ）,4）由and 连接的名词短语如果表示同一人或事物，谓动用单数；若表示两个不同的概念，谓动用复数。 如：The bread and butter my fav
12、orite. (同一事物指“黄油面包”) The singer and the dancer from another country. (两个不同身份的人，指那个歌唱家和那个舞蹈家) （is come） 5）分数或百分数+ of + n.； a majority/minority of +n谓语动词跟后面的中心词n. 保持一致。 6)不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数，如something，nobody，somebody 7)each, either, neither, another, the other 做主语或主语被和他们有关的短语修饰，谓语动词用单数。 Neither answer is
13、 correct. Each of them likes eating cakes,8)有些以s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, mathematics, physics, politics等 No news good news. Maths popular in our class . 9）the number of （谓动用单数）;a number of /a great many of + 复数名词 (谓动用复数) The number of athletes 40. A number of / a great many of the students d
14、iligent. （is is is are）,10）the +adj. 指人用复数,指物用单数. 如：the wounded (伤员)，the old(伤员) 谓动用复数；the beautiful(美好的事物)，the good(好的地方优点)谓动用单数。 The old taking good care of. The beautiful worthy of being remembered.11) “form（s） / kind（s） / type（s） of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与form（s）等的单复数一致，此时，若名词是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数形式。 如：T
15、his kind of book well. Two kinds of salt proved to be harmful to human body. 区别：Books of this kind sell well （need is sells have ）,4 形式一致原则不注重短语表示意思，只注重其形式，形式为单数谓语动词就用单数： many a + n（单数） / more than one +n（单数） / every(each) +n +（+and+ each +n）/ a majority(minority)/ one and a half +复数名词 以上的短语做主语谓语动词用
16、单数。 Many a student playing the computer games. More than one student ever been to Beijing. One and a half hours enough. Every man and every woman at work. A majority expected to be admitted to the famous university. （likes has is is is ）,习题精练： 1. Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now. A. were B. i
17、s C. was D. are 2. Two days _enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 3. How many lessons do you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of them _45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither he or I a professional football player. A. am B.
18、 is C. be D. are 5. There _ only one difficult sentence and few new words in lesson one. It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are 6. The number of the students in our school _1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have,B C B B A A,7. Mathematics _ my favorite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy
19、 with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are asleep 9.Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C.
20、All D. Some 11.Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. The office staff_ gathered to hear the president speak. A. is B. are C. be D. will 13. This pair of glasses _mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be,B A D A B D C,14 Both Lily and Lucy _to the party yesterday. A. invite
21、d B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited 15. Two months _quite a long time. Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. In the city，the old _. A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of 17. H
22、is family _all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are 18. The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing. A. has B. have C. are D. is 19. The children in this class each _C_new school bag. A. have B. has C. has got D. are having,A A C A C C,20 If Bob
23、s wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, . A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither 21. Apples of this kind_ A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well 22You as well as he to blame for the accident A. are B. is C. have D. has 23. I, who _your teacher, will try my best to help you with my study. A. is B. are C. be D. am 24. Only _ in our school _ been invited to the party. A. one third of the teachers; has B. one third teachers; have C. on third of the teachers; have D. one third teachers; has,C B C A C,
