1、- 1 -Unit 1 Great scientists单词 拼写应用核心单词1defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败2expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n专家；行家3attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加4absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5blame vt.责备；谴责n过失；责备6link vt.& n连接；联系7positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的8enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的9foresee vt.预见；预知10handle n柄；把手vt.处理；操纵11cure n治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗12suspect vt.认为；怀
2、疑n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。1Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.2Not knowing what was wrong with his car，Martin decided to send for an experienced man to_handle(handle) the problem.3Blamed (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirit
3、s.4Our football team won the championship by defeating(defeat) all the other teams.5When linked (link) to the subway，the city will be easy to get access to.6Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs，the Customs official stopped him and let him open his suitcase，but found nothing at all.- 2
4、 -7Few analysts foresaw ( foresee) that oil prices would rise so quickly.8Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，Id like to invite you to_attend( attend)the exhibition with me.拓展单词1challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的2cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；警告3pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution
5、n污染4instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n说明；传授instructions ( pl.)用法说明；指示；命令5conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束6contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献7reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃8science n科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n科学家9announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员；宣告者10constru
6、ct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物11responsible adj.有责任的；负责的responsibility n责任；负责12paint v绘画；涂painter n画家；油漆匠painting n油画；水彩画13universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。1The doctor instructed the patient to take medicine by the instructions(instruct)2The workers are_constr
7、ucting the bridge damaged by the flood，and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.(construct)3It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth.I came to the conclusion that he was lying.(conclude)4She has_contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made a great contri
8、bution to education.(contribute)5I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(science)6Well be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)7I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challengeLast week I
9、- 3 -got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging( challenge)阅读词汇1characteristic n特征；特性2analyse vt.分析3physician n医生；内科医师4victim n受害者5enquiry n询问6neighbourhood n附近；邻近7pump n泵；抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水)8firework n烟火(燃放)9chart n图表10backward adv.& adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)11radium n镭12outbreak n爆发；发作(
10、尤指疾病或战争)拓展联想1.后缀sion 构成的抽象名词集锦conclusion 结论；结束confusion 混乱expression 词语；表达方式revision 修正；复习permission 允许profession 职业；专业2.“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive 积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的3.名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦handle n把手 vt.处理nurse n护士 vt.护理face n脸 vt.面对- 4 -bridge n桥 vt.沟通drink n饮料 vt
11、.喝；饮bike n自行车 vi.骑自行车熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1(2018全国卷)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. 作品；创作2(2018全国卷)On every single move you have to analyze a situation，process what your opponent i
12、s doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.(棋子的)移动；走棋3(2016全国卷)His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. 制成物；作品短语 多维应用高频短语1.put_forward 提出2draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3expose_.to 使显露；暴露4link.to. 将和联系或连接起来5apart_from 除之外；此外语境运用 选用左边短语的
13、适当形式填空。From some cases，we drew_a_conclusion that we should close the window and lock the door in time.Apart_from it，we also put_forward several suggestions，one of which was that you should not expose this information to anyone when out.These suggestions would certainly cure us of the bad habits so t
14、hat we could prevent such cases happening again.高频短语6.be_enthusiastic_about 热衷于；对充满热情7make_sense 讲得通；有意义8(be)_strict_with. 对严格的9contribute_to 有助于；捐献；导致10be_to_blame 应受责备11look_into 调查语境运用 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。As an astronomer，I am_enthusiastic_about your new theory about the solar system.The following reas
15、on contributed_to my suggestion.The present theory doesnt make_sense，for we cannot conclude it that the earth is the centre of the universe.So I sincerely hope you can publish your new theory.- 5 -拓展联想1.“动词.to”短语荟萃expose .to 使显露；暴露add .to 增添；增加compare .to 把比作devote .to 把用于supply .to 为提供2由 link .to .
16、联想到的connect .with .把和连接起来tie .to .把拴到mix .with .把和混合起来combine .with .把和结合起来attach .to .把系到/缚到句式 结构仿写教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用1.neither.nor.既不也不。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活。This phenomenon is neither_good_nor_bad；it is a fact of college life.2.every time 引导时间状语从句。So m
17、any thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。Every_time_I_hear_the_song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.3.suggest 后跟从句用虚拟语气。To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water suppl
18、ies be examined.(2016全国卷)一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。Some classmates suggest we should_go_to_places_of_interest nearby.4.only状语从句位于句首时主句须倒装。Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。Only when you can find peace in your heart will_you
19、_keep_good_relationships with others.- 6 -精讲 5 个考纲单词1conclude vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成(1)单句语法填空He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.Ive come to the conclusion(conclude) that hes not the right person for the job.In conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily
20、available form of exercise.(2)链接写作一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I drew_the_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude)先理解再牢记 (1)concludesth.（ from sth.）（ from sth.） that .)（
21、从 中 ）推 断 出 conclude sth. 以结束with sth.by doing sth.)to conclude 最后(2)come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之佳句背诵 He concluded his speech with a famous saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.2.attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理 vi.专心；留意(1)单句语法填空When I got there，he was attending(attend) a weddin
22、g party.As a daughter，I feel it is my duty to attend on my sick mother.As far as I know，the patients are well attended (attend) in the hospital.(2)链接写作一句多译因为我有重要的事情要处理，今晚我不能与你一起外出。I cant go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to deal_with- 7 -I cant go out with you tonight because
23、 I have an urgent thing to attend_to先理解再牢记 (1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class 参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课(2)attend (on/upon) sb.伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照顾联想发散 “照顾某人”表达荟萃：attend (on ) sb.；look after sb.；take care of sb.；watch over sb.。3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临(1)单句语法填空Some people think we should
24、nt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.Being_exposed (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Children are exposed to difficult situations.They are better at handling challenging situations.(高级表达)Exposed_to_difficult_situations，children are better at ha
25、ndling challenging situations.(分词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)expose.to 使接触，使体验be exposed to 暴露于；处于危险中(2)expose sth.to sb.向某人揭发某事名师点津 及物动词 expose 后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在 expose .to .以及 be exposed to 结构中，to 为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。4.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握(1)写出下列句中 absorb 的含义Most little shops have been absorbed into
26、big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并After absorbing enough water，the plants grow well.吸收I keep the lesson simple because the students cant absorb that much.理解(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.(高级表达)So_absorbed_was_Tom
27、_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(用 so.that.的倒装句)- 8 -(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(分词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意absorb.into.把吸收进(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的(be)absorbed in.全神贯注于联想发散 be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式 absorbed in.。类
28、似的结构还有：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught in.被困在be buried in.埋头于be devoted to.致力于；专心于be occupied in.忙于be involved in.专注于5.blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n过失；责备(1)单句语法填空She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.(2)链接写作一句多译诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。To be ho
29、nest，Li Hua is_to_blame_for the conflict.(blame vi.)Honestly speaking，Li Hua should_take_the_blame_for the conflict.(blame n)先理解再牢记 (1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上be to blame (for.) 应承担责任；该受责备(2)take/bear the blame for.be responsible for.对负责名师点津 be to blame 不能用于被动语态，该短语主动语态表被动
30、含义。诠释 2 个核心短语1put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨(1)写出下列句中 put forward 的含义The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an - 9 -assistant.There is too much work to do.提出I think he is fit for the position；therefore，Ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐They have put forward the date of thei
31、r wedding by one week.将提前(2)链接写作一句多译在会议上他提出了解决这个难题的一个好主意。He came_up_with_a_good_idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.He put_forward_a_good_idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.先理解再牢记 put aside 储蓄；储存；留出；把放在一边put away 将收起，放回原处；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with
32、容忍；忍受佳句背诵 Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.2.make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通(1)单句语法填空As far as Im concerned，there is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.In a sense，he is to blame for the accident.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)There are so many new words in the p
33、assage that I could hardly understand them at all.(高级表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_sense_of them at all.先理解再牢记 (1)make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没道理突破 2
34、个高考句型- 10 -1(教材 P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。要点提炼 neither.nor.既不也不。(1)单句语法填空/单句改错I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him.Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.Either you or one of your
35、students are to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.areis(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The teacher is not content with the result.The students are not content with the result.(高级表达)Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are_ content with the result.先理解再牢记 (1)neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。
36、(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词还有：either.or.不是就是；not only.but also.不仅而且；not.but.不是而是等。2.(教材 P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.每次暴发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。要点提炼 every time 引导时间状语从句，表示“每当时” 。(1)单句改错The next time when you feel the urge to spread latest news，think about why you w
37、ant to gossip.去掉 whenThey rushed out on the moment they heard the shout for help.去掉 on(2)链接写作完成句子Every_time_he_arrived_home(每次他到家) at the end of the day，wed greet him at the door.Next_time_you_come_to_Beijing(下次你来北京)，be sure to let me know in advance.先理解再牢记 (1)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： each time 每当时候-
38、 11 -next time 下次时the序数词time 第次the瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)一就(2)on/upon n./doing sth.一就.单句语法填空1We were shocked by the announcement (announce) that the amusement park would be closed.2We will have to adopt a more scientific ( science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.3Mark is a cautio
39、us (caution) shopper who always does some careful research on the market before he buys something valuable.4Mary was_rejected (reject) by the university she applied to last year.5Apart from its low price，the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.6When he came back three hours later，they wer
40、e still sitting on the sofa，absorbed(absorb) in conversation.7Because of the severe pollution(pollute)，the water in the river is too dirty to drink.8Children，when exposed(expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere，will pick up the language much more easily.9Finding a solution to this problem is one of
41、 the greatest challenges(challenge) faced by scientists today.10Generally speaking，parents like the teachers who are strict with their children.单句改错1Doctors say there are various possible cures of the disease.offor2I felt nervous for the first time I spoke in public.去掉 for3The park is very attractiv
42、e that many visitors come to visit it every year.veryso4It doesnt make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.- 12 -去掉 a5The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting，in my opinion，is quite practical.去掉 was.课文语法填空根据 P23 课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。John Snow was a famous doctor
43、in London，who was so expert that he 1.attended(attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he was famous for 2.defeating(defeat)“King Cholera”Cholera was a deadly disease and neither its cause nor its cure 3.was_understood(understand)John Snow wanted to face the challenge 4.and solve the pr
44、oblem.He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another severe outbreak hit London，he began his enquiry.He found that many victims 5.linked(link) to the cholera outbreak were near the water pump，so he had the handle removed.Soon afterwards the disease
45、slowed down.He drew 6.a conclusion that the polluted water was 7.to_blame(blame)The water panies(company) were instructed not to expose people 9.to polluted water any more.10.Finally(final)“King Cholera” was defeated.写作改错双练根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1众所周知，科学家对世界做出了巨大贡献。(contribution)2就我个人而言，科学家是那
46、些对工作严格要求、专心于科学事业的人。(strict；be absorbed in)3他们对他们得出的结论非常谨慎。(be cautious about；conclusion)4他们通过反复做实验来检验他们提出的理论。(put forward)5他们铭记如果理论不以事实为基础就没有任何意义。(be based on；make no sense)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。_- 13 -第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有 5 处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。As is known to us，scientists have made great contribu
47、tion to the world.As far as Im concerned，scientists are strict with their work and absorbing in scientific research.They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw.They do experiments again and again test the theory they put forward.They keep it in mind that a theory make no sense if it isnt based on facts.【答案】 As is known to us，scientists have made great to the world.As contributioncontributionsfar as Im conc
